Bell Work: 12/9/13

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Bell Work 12/9/13
You are being timed! You only get 10 minutes to
complete bell work!

• Using the Human Body Quest Bell Work packet,
  complete the questions for lymphatic and immune
  systems.
• Use the page numbers provided.

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Objectives

• Explain the basic functions of a major organ
  system. (SPI0707.1.3)
• 41. Lymphatic and Immune Systems (one page)

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Lymphatic System (pg. 242-245)

• The lymphatic system is a group of organs and
  tissues that collect the excess fluid and return
  it to your blood.
• The fluid (lymph) is a clear, watery fluid that
  contains protein molecules, salts, and glucose
  that is carried by the lymphatic vessels and then
  into the veins of the cardiovascular system.
• The lymphatic system also helps your body fight
  pathogens.
• A pathogen is an infectious agent, or germ.

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Lymphatic System (pg. 242-245)

• Parts of the Lymphatic System
• Bone marrow is where most red and white blood
  cells, including lymphocytes are produced.
  Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that
  helps your body fight pathogens.
• Lymphatic vessels
• Lymph nodes are small bean-shaped masses of
  tissue that remove pathogens and dead cells from
  the lymph.
• Thymus gland produces T cells (lymphocytes) that
  surround and destroy pathogens.
• Spleen stores and produces lymphocytes.
• Tonsils are masses of lymphatic tissue that help
  protect your throat and lungs from infection by
  trapping pathogens.

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Immune System

• The immune system is made up of a network of
  cells, tissues, and organs that work together to
  protect the body.
• The first line of defense is the skin, which
  protects the body from outside germs.
• White blood cells, also called leukocytes, are
  part of this defense system.
• Two basic types of these germ-fighting cells
• Phagocytes- protect the body by ingesting harmful
  foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying
  cells.
• Lymphocytes

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Immune System

• Once the lymphocytes have determined that a
  bacterium or virus has entered the body, B cells
  (produced in bone) produce germ attackers called
  antibodies.
• Anything that can trigger this immune response,
  such as bacteria or viruses, is called an
  antigen.
• An antibody matches an antigen much as a key
  matches a lock. Whenever antigen and antibody
  interlock, the antibody marks the antigen for
  destruction. 

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MRSA

• MRSA is a staph germ (bacteria) that is spread by
  skin-to-skin contact (touching). A doctor, nurse,
  other health care provider, or visitors may have
  staph germs on their body that can spread to a
  patient.
• Once the staph germ enters the body, it can
  spread to bones, joints, the blood, or any organ,
  such as the lungs, heart, or brain.
• A bodys normal antibody production usually
  cannot fight off MRSA by itself. MRSA needs to be
  treated with multiple rounds of antibiotics.
• Draining a skin infection may be the only
  treatment needed for a skin MRSA infection that
  has not spread.

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Mucus

• Tears and mucus contain an enzyme that breaks
  down the cell wall of many bacteria.
• Your nose and sinuses make about a quart (about 1
  liter) of snot every day.
• Mucus has a pretty important job it protects
  the lungs. When you breathe in air through your
  nose, it contains lots of tiny things, like dust,
  dirt, germs, and pollen. If these made it all the
  way to the lungs, the lungs could get irritated
  or infected, making it tough to breathe. Luckily,
  snot helps trap this stuff, keeping it in the
  nose and out of the lungs.

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Drawings

• For each body system, draw and color at least one
  organ that belongs in that body system.
• For example
• Lymphatic System tonsils, thymus, lymph nodes,
  lymphatic vessels, spleen
• Immune System antigens, antibodies,
  lock-and-key
• Use your textbook pictures or the sample sheet in
  the folder at your group.

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Human Body Books
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Interesting Facts

• Lymphatic System
• When you have an infection, your lymph nodes
  swell because they fill up with lymphocytes that
  are surrounding and destroying bacteria.
• The small organs which compose lymphatic system
  are known as lymph nodes. The number of lymph
  nodes present in our body range from 500 - 700.

• Immune System
• It is very important to get your beauty sleep for
  at least 8 hours as under 5 hours of sleep can
  significantly depress the immune functions.
• The body has over 50 million white blood cells
  that work to protect the body's defense system.