Glands of the Endocrine System

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Glands of the Endocrine System
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Location
Directions Label the glands on the body
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Pituitary Gland
Hormone Target Cell/Tissue Effect on Target Cell/Tissue
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Ovaries testes Stimulates production of mature eggs sperm
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Ovaries testes Prepares uterus for implantation of fertilized egg
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Thyroid gland Stimulates production of thyroxine
Adreno-corticotropic hormone (ACTH) Kidney Release hormones from kidney cortex
Human Growth Hormone (HGH) Cells throughout body Stimulates growth
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) Skin Stimulates melanin pigment
Prolactin Mammary glands Produce breast milk
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Pituitary Gland Contd

• Disease- Human growth hormone deficiency
• Cause Hyposecretion of HGH
• Treatment Growth hormone injections

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Hypothalamus
Hormones secreted Target Cells/Target Tissue Effect on Target Cells/Target Tissue
ADH Kidney Absorbs water
Oxytocin Uterus Causes contractions
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Pineal Gland
Hormone Secreted Target Cells/Tissue Effect on Target Cells/Tissue
Melatonin Thyroid Adrenal Cortex Cause sleepiness Circadian Rhythm
Disease
Name SAD (seasonal affective disorder) Cause
Hypersecretion of melatonin Symptoms Weight
gain, depression, fatigue Treatment Sun lamp
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Thyroid
Hormone Secreted Target Cells Effect on target cells
Thyroxine Cells throughout body Primary regulation of metabolism
Calcitonin Kidney, S.I. bone Maintain calcium balance
Diseases
Hyperthyroidism Cause Hypersecretion of
thyroxine Symptoms Bulging eyes, hair loss,
shakiness Treatment Surgery
Hypothyroidism Cause Hyposecretion of
thyroxine Symptoms Fatigue, depression Treatment
Thyroxine supplement
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Parathyroid
Hormones Secreted Target Cells/Tissue Effect on Target Cells/Tissue
Parathyroid hormones (PTH) Bones Primary gland to control calcium levels
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Thymus
Hormone Secreted Target Cells/Tissue Effect on Target Cells/Tissue
Thymosin Lymphatic System (immune system) Promotes development of T cells lymphocytes (immune system)
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Pancreas
Hormone Secreted Target Cells/Tissue Effect on Target Cells/Tissue
Insulin Liver, skeletal muscle, fat Reduces glucose levels in the blood
Glucagon Liver, skeletal muscle, fat Increases glucose levels in the blood
Disease
Diabetes mellitus Cause Hyposecretion of
insulin Symptoms Excessive urination,
dehydration, weight loss Treatment Insulin
injections
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Adrenal Medulla
Hormone Secreted Target Cells/Tissue Effect on Target Cells/Tissue
Corticosteroids Heart digestive system Regulate blood volume pressure Control metabolism of food
Epinephrine Heart lungs Increase heart rate blood pressure Enlarge air passageways
Norepinephrine Heart lungs Increase heart rate blood pressure Enlarge air passageways
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Adrenal Medulla Contd

• Disease
• Addisons Disease
• Cause Hyposecretion of adrenal gland
• Symptoms Weakness, fatigue, dizziness
• Treatment Corticosteroids fluids

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Testes
Hormone Secreted Target Cells/Tissue Effect on Target Cells/Tissue
Testosterone Bones muscles, vocal cords, sweat glands, brain Secondary male characteristics
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Ovaries
Hormone Secreted Target Cells/Tissue Effect on Target Cells/Tissue
Estrogen Breast, brain, bone, liver, heart Female secondary sex characteristics
Progesterone Uterus Builds uterine lining