Accessory digestive system

1
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
LIVER, GALLBLADDER, AND PANCREAS
Organ system Histology(VAN 3109) by Dr.
Abdulrahman Bello Crc DEPARTMENT OF VETERINARY
ANATOMY,FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE,USMANU
DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY, SOKOTO
2
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? TO IDENTIFY THE EXOCRINE AND ENDOCRINE
FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER AND PANCREAS
? TO EXAMINE THE HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE
LIVER, GALLBLADDER, AND PANCREAS
? TO CORRELATE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THESE
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
3
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
2) ENDOCRINE PORTION
4
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
2) ENDOCRINE PORTION
5
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
- COMPOUND ACINOUS GLAND
- EACH ACINI CONSIST OF 5-8 PYRAMIDAL CELLS THAT
SIT ON A BASAL LAMINA AND SURROUND A CENTRAL LUMEN
6
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
PANCREAS HE
INTERCALATED DUCTS
INTRALOBULAR DUCTS
INTERLOBULAR DUCTS
MAIN DUCTS
7
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
INTERCALATED DUCTS
- lined with simple squamous epithelium
INTRALOBULAR DUCTS
- lined with simple cuboidal epithelium
- size on the order of magnitude of acini
INTERLOBULAR DUCTS
- lined with simple columnar epithelium
- found in fibroconnective tissue septa
8
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
ACINAR CELLS
- BASALLY LOCATED NUCLEI RER
- SUPRANUCLEAR GOLGI ZONE
- ZYMOGENIC GRANULES CONTAINING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES
IN APICAL REGION
trypsinogen, amylase, lipase
CENTROACINAR CELLS
- LINE LUMEN OF ACINUS
- SECRETE LARGE AMOUNTS OF BICARBONATE
9
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
INTERCALATED DUCTS
PANCREAS HE
10
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
PANCREAS HE
2) ENDOCRINE PORTION
11
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
2) ENDOCRINE PORTION
- PRINCIPLE FUNCTION IS TO SECRETE HORMONES THAT
REGULATE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS
ISLETS OF LANGERHANS
- MASSES OF RICHLY VASCULARIZED ENDOCRINE CELLS
SCATTERED THROUGHOUT THE PANCREAS
- SEPARATED FROM SURROUNDING ACINAR CELLS BY THIN
CAPSULE OF RETICULAR FIBERS
- 3 CELL TYPES IN ISLET DISTINGUISHED ONLY VIA
SPECIAL STAINS
12
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
2) ENDOCRINE PORTION
13
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? PANCREAS
2) ENDOCRINE PORTION
CELL TYPES
1) ALPHA CELLS (20)
- SECRETE GLUCAGON RAISES BLOOD
GLUCOSE LEVELS
2) BETA CELLS (75)
- SECRETE INSULIN LOWERS BLOOD
GLUCOSE LEVELS
3) DELTA CELLS (5)
- SECRETE SOMATOSTATIN
INHIBITS GLUCAGON AND INSULIN SECRETION
14
LANG
15
THANKS FOR LISTENING
16
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
1) EXOCRINE PORTION
- synthesizes and secretes bile via a system of
ducts that is essential for digestion in the
intestine
2) ENDOCRINE PORTION
- synthesizes and secretes numerous plasma
proteins into the bloodstream
(albumin, fibrinogen,
prothrombin, lipoproteins, etc.)
17
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
PORTA HEPATIS
PORTAL TRIAD
18
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
Classical Liver Lobule
- basic functional unit of liver
19
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
CLASSIC LOBULE
PORTAL LOBULE
LIVER ACINUS
20
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
21
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
22
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
1? HEPATOCYTES
2? SINUSOIDS
3? SPACE OF DISSE
4? BILE CANALICULI
23
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
1? HEPATOCYTES
2? SINUSOIDS
3? SPACE OF DISSE
- perisinusoidal space between basal surfaces of
the endothelial cells and the surfaces of the
hepatocytes
4? BILE CANALICULI
- small canal beginning the biliary tree formed
by apposed grooves in adjacent hepatocytes
24
LIVER
25
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
26
LIVER HE
27
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
BILE DUCTS
- lined with simple cuboidal epithelium
28
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
LIVER HE
1? HEPATOCYTES
2? SINUSOIDS
29
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
LIVER
RETICULAR FIBER MESHWORK
30
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
RETICULAR FIBER MESHWORK
KUPFFER CELLS
- phagocytic cell, liver macrophage
31
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
LIVER HE
KUPFFER CELLS
CV
32
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? LIVER
LIVER HE
KUPFFER CELLS
33
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
LIVER HE
? LIVER
SITE OF HEMOPOEISIS DURING EARLY GESTATION
34
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
LIVER HE
? LIVER
SITE OF HEMOPOEISIS DURING EARLY GESTATION
35
(No Transcript)
36
THANKS FOR LISTENING
37
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? GALLBLADDER
- LOCATION FOR CONCENTRATION AND STORAGE OF BILE
ROUTE OF BILE
FILLING OF GALLBLADDER
38
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? GALLBLADDER
THREE LAYERS
1) MUCOSA
- lined with tall columnar epithelium and
underlying basal lamina lamina propria
- mucosa highly folded and irregular
- NO MUSCULARIS MUCOSA OR SUBMUCOSA -
2) MUSCULARIS EXTERNA
- layers of smooth muscle with irregular
orientation
3) ADVENTITIA or SEROSA
39
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE GLANDS
? GALLBLADDER
EPITHELIUM
- tall columnar epithelium and underlying basal
lamina lamina propria
- basally located nuclei
- fine microvilli border
40
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING FRIENDS THE END