Revolution in America

1
Revolution in America

• The French and Indian War to the Treaty of Paris

2
The French and Indian War and the Proclamation of
1763

• After Britains victory in the French and Indian
  War, the British stop colonists from settling
  west of the Appalachian mountains and began
  taxing the colonists to pay for the debt of war.
• Colonists see the Proclamation of 1763 as placing
  a limit on their freedom of movement.
• The British leave 10,000 troops in America

3
The Colonies are Taxed

• The Sugar Act- pushes tax on molasses
• Stamp Act- tax on newspapers and other printed
  material. Colonists boycott British goods,
  parliament repeals Stamp Act
• Townshend Acts- tax on imported goods, like
  household items
• Colonists protest taxation without
  representation

4
The Boston Massacre

• March, 1770, colonists and Redcoats clash in
  Boston. 5 colonists are killed.
• Parliament repeals the Townshend Acts, except tea
  tax
• Sam Adams revives the Boston Committee of
  Correspondence, used as a tool of protest and
  circulation of colonists writings of grievances
  against Britain.

5
The Boston Tea Party

• 1773, Parliament passes the Tea Act, driving
  colonial tea merchants out of business
• In protest, an angry mob dress up as Natives and
  dump cargoes of tea overboard into the Boston
  harbor.
• To punish colonists, Britain passes the Coercive
  acts, called the Intolerable Acts by colonists,
  and Massachusetts is put under military rule.
  Colonists are forced to quarter British troops.

6
Shot heard round the world

• Continental Congress creates militias
• Colonists boycott all British goods
• British send 3,000 troops to Boston area with
  orders to seize all weapons of Mass. Militia
• On the night of April 18, 1875, Paul Revere and
  William Dawes ride to Lexington, alerting the
  militia with The regulars are out!
• A shot is fired in Lexington, 8 minutemen die,
  Redcoats march to Concord and 73 Brits are
  killed. 20,000 militia-men hold Boston.

7
Advantages/Disadvantages
The U.S.
Great Britain
Advantages Disadvantages
Knowledge of surroundings home-court advantage Determination and strong will of the Patriots Help from other nations, especially France Use of guerrilla tactics Not always well equipped Soldiers early on were not battle-hardened or well-trained Smaller fighting force
Advantages Disadvantages
Soldiers better trained and equipped Superior numbers More experienced military leaders Very long supply lines across Atlantic Much of territory was unknown New fighting tactics were unfamiliar Less to fight for
8
You know, of course, this means War!

• British win the Battle of Bunker Hill, the first
  major battle, but take heavy losses.
• Second Continental Congress create the
  Continental Army and choose George Washington as
  commander.

9
Hes such a Paine!

• January 1776, Thomas Paine convinces many people
  that complete separation from Britain is Common
  Sense, which he names his best-selling pamphlet.
• The king is condemned and colonists cry for
  freedom

10
Yay! Its the 4th of July!!!

• The Second Continental Congress appoints Thomas
  Jefferson as the head of a committee to write the
  Declaration of Independence. July 4, 1776,
  delegates sign, with their John Hancocks.

11
The Redcoats and Patriots throw-down. Its on now!

• Summer, 1776, Britain sends 32,000 troops to New
  York. Washington is defeated on Long Island.
• Christmas night, Washington lead 2,400 troops
  across the icy Delaware to Trenton, New Jersey
  and defeat the Hessians, or German mercenaries,
  giving colonists a huge boost in morale.

12
This isnt finished yet!

• October 1777, Americans win first major victory
  at the Battle of Saratoga
• The British are trapped and surrender
• 1778, France realizes that the United states just
  might win the war, so they declare war on Britain
  and give aid and supplies
• 1779, Spain declares war on Britain to protect
  southern edges of the U.S.

13
War at Sea, the West, the South

• 1779, John Paul Jones had not yet begun to
  fight! American, French, and Spanish navies
  threaten the big island.
• 1778-1779, British forts are seized in Illinois.
• Patriots use guerrilla warfare tactics to free
  Savannah and Charleston of British control

14
Yeah, thats what we thought. Go home!

• 1781, at the Battle of Yorktown, the French navy
  cut off British escape, while Americans and
  French surround and trap the British inside
  Yorktown. The British surrender.
• Though some minor fighting continued, leaders
  finally negotiate the Treaty of Paris in 1783.
• Britain recognizes the U.S. as an independent
  nation
• The U.S. claim lands west to the Mississippi
  River, south to Florida, and north to Canada

15
The World is Watching

• Revolution fever spreads across the Atlantic
  and Caribbean.
• 1789, influenced by the U.S., the French begin
  their own revolution
• 1791, the island of Saint Domingue is led to
  freedom from French rule by Toussaint-Louverture
• Colonies around the world begin the fight for
  freedom and democracy

16
The First U.S. Flag13 Stars 13 Stripes