MICROORGANISMS

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MICROORGANISMS
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Objectives

• Identify 5 classes of microorganisms
• Differentiate between pathogens and non pathogens
• Identify some common diseases cause by pathogens

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• Diseases are caused by a variety of
• germs (pathogens).
• Healthcare workers MUST understand
• the different types of
• pathogens (germs),
• Ways pathogens are spread

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• This allows the HCW (Healthcare Worker) to take
  precautions to prevent the spread of disease

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Microorganisms(2 types)

• Non-Pathogen (a microorganism that does not cause
  a disease)
• Pathogen (a microorganism that causes infection
  or diseases)
• Some microorganisms live in 1 system but cause
  infection if get into another

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PATHOGENS

• Microorganism-small, living organism that are not
  visible to the naked eye that can cause an
  infection
• Must be viewed under a microscope
• Found everywhere in the environment
• On and off the human body

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5 classes of Microorganisms

• Bacteria
• Protozoa
• Fungi
• Rickettsiae
• Viruses

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1 Bacteria

• Antibiotics are used to kill bacteria
• Some strains of bacteria are resistant to
  antibiotics
• Must continually develop newer antibiotics to
  treat bacteria
• Staphylococci, streptococci, meningitis,Pneumonia,
  toxic shock, boils, wound infections

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CocciRound
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Cocci/Pairs

• Called diplococci
• Cause disease such as gonorrhea, pneumonia,
  Meningitis

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Cocci Bacteria/Clusters

• Staphylococci
• MRSA
• Cause pus
• Infections

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Strep Throat/Chains of Cocci
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Rods
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TB, Pertussis, Botulism
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Spirillus (spiral-shaped) bacteria

• Cause syphilis and cholera

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Syphilis
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2 Protozoa

• 1-celled animal like organisms
• Often found in decayed materials and contaminated
  water.
• Some are pathogenic and cause diseases

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Protozoa

• Have tails/enable
• to swim
• Malaria, African
• sleeping sickness,
• Trichomonas

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3 Fungi

• Plant like organisms
• Live on dead organic matter
• Yeasts Molds
• Cause ringworm, thrush
• Yeast Vaginitis
• Not killed by antibiotics

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Fungi
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Thrush
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4 Rickettsiae

• Parasitic
• organisms
• Cannot live outside
• of body
• Lice
• Ticks
• Fleas
• Can cause
• Typhus , lyme disease

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5 Viruses

• Smallest of microorganisms
• Cannot reproduce without a living cell
• Major risk to healthcare workers as they are
  blood borne
• Examples include Hepatitis B, C HIV
• Cannot be cured with Antibiotics

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Viruses (Cont)

• Cause
• Colds, measles, flu, warts, chicken pox
• Herpes
• Hepatitis B and C
• Aids
• polio

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HIV
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A SyndromeA group of symptoms in a particular
disease