Classes of Microorganisms

1
Viruses
Pathogenic
Aerobic

• Classes of Microorganisms

Bacteria
Rickettsiae
Protozoa
Fungi
Non-pathogenic
Anaerobic
Helminths
2
Remember

• What may be non-pathogenic in one body system
  could be pathogenic in another
• Example E. coli

3
Classes of Microorganisms

• Non-pathogenic
• normal
• do not produce disease
• beneficial
• Pathogenic
• cause infection and disease

4
Classes of Microorganisms

• Aerobic
• requires oxygen to live
• Anaerobic
• does not require oxygen to live

5
6 Classes of Microorganisms

• Bacteria Protozoa
• Fungi Rickettsiae
• Viruses Helminths

6
Bacteria

• Often considered the causes of disease
• Classified by shape and arrangement
• Treated with antibiotics

7
Certain Bacteria

• produce antibiotics
• live in the body without problems
• live on the roots of certain plants, converting
  nitrogen into a usable form
• help break down dead organic matter

8
Bacteria
Cocci
Bacilli
Spirilla
9
Bacteria

• Cocci-
• round in shape
• diplococci
• streptococci
• staphylococci

Streptococci
Staphylococcal clusters
10
Bacteria

• Bacilli
• rod shape
• single
• pairs
• chains
• may have flagella -aids in movement
• may form spores
• difficult to treat

11
Bacteria

• Spirilla
• spiral or corkscrew shape
• vibrio
  - spirochete

Cholera
Treponema pallidum
12
Bacteria

• Some develop resistance to antibiotics
• Very difficult to cure
• Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA)
• Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus (MDSA)

13
Protozoa

• One celled, animal-like organism
• Contain a nucleus and other defined organelles
• Example Malaria, amebic dysentery
• Malaria invades RBC and causes them to rupture

14
Fungi

• enjoys a symbiotic, but sometimes parasitic
  relationship with their host
• provide numerous drugs and foods
• provide bubbles in bread, champagne, and beer
• cause a number of plant and animal diseases
• fungal diseases are very difficult to treat

15
Classes of Microorganisms

• Fungi

16
Rickettsiae

• rod-shaped, parasitic bacteria
• live in the tissues of ticks, fleas, and lice
• transmitted to humans through bites
• invade the new host from within

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
17
Viruses

• small infectious agent
• requires a host for survival
• Seen with electron microscope
• over 5,000 types
• can combine in multiple ways to produce a wide
  range of diseases

18
Viruses

• produce immune response in humans
• treated with antiviral drugs
• Common cold, measles, mumps, chicken pox, AIDS

19
Helminths

• Parasitic worm-like organisms
• Live inside the host
• Feed off their host
• Disrupt nutrient absorption

20
Helminths

• Lead to weakness
• Excrete toxins making host susceptible to other
  diseases
• Approximately 30 billion people globally are
  infected

21
Classes of Microorganisms

• Any Questions?