The Chemistry of Carbon

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The Chemistry of Carbon

• Do Now Please Copy (Ignore what is on handout)
• Quiz Thursday 10/6
• Topics
• Special Properties of Water
• Polarity Hydrogen Bonding in Water
• Solutions
• pH and buffers

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Carbon

• What is it?
• Where do we find it?
• Why is it so important?
• How is it unique?

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Carbon Element of Life

• Plants and other autotrophs build their own
  carbon-based food out of CO2 in the air.
• Animals and other heterotrophs break down
  carbon-based food for energy

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Carbon is Important!

• Natural Gas, Gasoline, Crude Oil, and other fuels
  are all carbon compounds
• All plastics
• The molecules organisms are made of, like sugars,
  fats, proteins, and even DNA.
• Too many to list!!!

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Carbon forms many types of bonds

• Organic Compound a compound that contains 2 or
  more carbon atoms.

• Carbon has 4 valence electrons, so it usually
  makes 4 covalent bonds.
• Most atoms make less (O-2, H-1, N-3)

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Carbon can form different structures

• Chains

• Rings

• Branched Chains

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and form single, double, even triple bonds.
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Functional Groups give carbon molecules even more
diversity.

• A functional group is a group of atoms that give
  the molecule they are a part of certain chemical
  characteristics.

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Carbon Polymers Essential to Life!

• MONOMER

• POLYMER

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In Summary

• Organic compounds contain more than 1 carbon atom
• Carbon is REQUIRED by ALL living things other
  than water, it is in almost every other chemical
  your body is made of.
• Because carbon can make 4 covalent bonds, and
  bond with many other elements, carbon can make
  many different types of chemicals.
• Many organic compounds are polymers long chains
  of repeating subunits

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Read all about it! (Homework)

• Read pp. 52-54
• NOT last section Energy Currency
• Answer 1-3

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Life in Deep Space?

• The article you have discusses recent discoveries
  of carbon compounds in space.
• Read the article on your own
• 4 roles to play in each group Questioner,
  Passage Master, Word Wizard, or Artful Artist

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Polymer Formation and Break-down