Sec.4: Political Consolidation of the Lutheran Reformation

1
Chapter 11

• Sec.4 Political Consolidation of the Lutheran
  Reformation

2
The Diet of Augsburg

• Charles V devoted most of his time with wars in
  Spain and Italy
• 1530 returned for the Diet of Augsburg
• Growing religious division within the empire
• Said that Lutherans to revert to Catholicism
• Reformation was too firmly est.
• Lutherans develop the Schmalkaldic League
• Landgrave Philip of Hesse and John Frederick of
  Saxony

3
Expansion of the Reformation

• German Lutherans formed regional judicial bodies
  to oversee the new Protestant Churches
• Schools were developed
• Denmark (King Christian II 1513-1523) made
  Lutheranism the official state religion
• Poland was politically splintered
• Was the home of Lutherans, Calvinists, Anabaptists

4
Reaction Against Protestants

• Charles V military solution
• 1547 crushed Protestant Schmalkaldic League
• Capt. John Fredrick of Saxony and Philip of
  Hesse
• Est. public rulers in Saxony
• Protestants were granted concessions clerical
  marriage and communion
• Protestant leaders went into exile

5
Peace of Augsburg

• Maurice of Saxony handpicked by Charles V
  shifted allegiance to the Lutherans
• After a defeat by Protestants in 1552 Charles
  reinstated Protestant leaders freedoms
• Rulers of the land decided the religion
• Lutherans were permitted to retain all church
  lands seized before 1552
• Catholics who converted could not take their
  titles and lands with them
• Anabaptists long been secluded formed their own
  separatist communities
• Calvinists led national revolutions in northern
  Europe

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Fun Facts about Charles V

• He suffered from an enlarged lower jaw, a
  deformity which got considerably worse in later
  Habsburg generations. He struggled to chew his
  food properly and consequently experienced bad
  indigestion for much of his life. As a result, he
  usually ate alone.
• He suffered from joint pain, presumed to be gout,
  according to his 16th century doctors. In his
  retirement, he was carried around the monastery
  of St. Yuste in a sedan chair. A ramp was
  specially constructed to allow him easy access to
  his rooms.
• He was afraid of mice and spiders.
• He was greatly interested in clocks, instructing
  his servants to take them apart and reassemble
  them in his presence.
• He passed his time fishing from his window on the
  first floor and enjoying the smell of incense
  drifting on the breeze from the abbey church