The Ancient Hebrews and the Origins of Judaism

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The Ancient Hebrews and the Origins of Judaism

• I can explain the origins of Judaism and
  important figures of the Ancient Hebrews.

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Jewish Population

• World- 14 Million
• U.S- 3 Million

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The Torah

• The Torah is a written explanation of the ancient
  Hebrews beliefs.

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The Torah

• Christians refer to the Jewish Bible as the Old
  Testament.

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Abraham- Father of the Hebrews

• According to Jewish belief, God promised Abram he
  would have many descendant.
• God signified this promised by changing Abrams
  name to Abraham.

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Abraham- Father of the Hebrews

• Abram was born in Ur (Mesopotamia/Iraq.)
• The people of Ur worshiped many gods.
• Abram believed there was only one true God
  (monotheism).

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Abraham Father of the Hebrews

• Abram gathered his many relatives and went west
  into the land of Canaan.
• Canaan became the Promise Land.

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Abraham Father of the Hebrews

• The Torah says that one day God tested Abraham by
  telling him to make a sacrifice of his son Isaac.
• According to the Torah God said, I will make
  your descendants as many as the stars of heaven.

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Abraham- Father of the Hebrews

• The Hebrew nation was made up of 12 tribes that
  were descended from Abrahams grandson, Jacob,
  whom an angel from God had named Israel.

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Abrahams Contributions

• 1. He was the ancestor of the Jewish people
  (Israel.)
• He introduced the belief in a single God
  (monotheism.)

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Moses- Leader Prophet

• The Torah calls the flight from Egypt the Exodus.
• The word exodus means departure.

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Moses- Leader Prophet

• After leaving Egypt, the Torah says, the Hebrews
  wandered through a wilderness for 40 years.

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Moses- Leader Prophet

• Moses received the Ten Commandments on Mount
  Sinai, the Mountain of God.

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Moses- Leader Prophet

• Ark of the Covenant- the chest containing the Ten
  Commandments, that the Hebrews carried w/them
  during their wanderings in the wilderness.

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Moses- Contributions

• 1. led the Exodus out of Egypt (Passover.)
• 2. gave Judaism its fundamental laws, Ten
  Commandments.
• 3. united Hebrews into united people devoted to
  one God.

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Kings of Israel

• King David unified Israel and Judah.

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Kings of Israel

• King David provide the Jewish people with a
  strong central government

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Kings of Israel

• David chose the city of Jerusalem for his
  capital.
• Jerusalem- Holy City

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Destruction of Jerusalem

• In 586 BCE the city was captured and destroyed by
  the Babylonians King Nebuchadnezza. The Jewish
  people were taken into exile.