The Ancient Israelites

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The Ancient Israelites

• Chapter 2 Lesson 4

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IntroductionAncient Israelites

• Small kingdoms appeared in southwest Asia
• Ancestors of the Jewish people
• We learned about them from Old Testament of the
  Bible

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Abram to Abraham

• Originally Abram
• Changed his name as a promise to God
• Worshipped one God monotheism
• God spoke to him
• Covenant Special Agreement with God
• God told him to go to Canaan
• Sons Isaac Jewish Ishmael - Arab

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Moses and the Ten Commandments

• Abraham Isaac Jacob (Israel) 12 sons
• Jacobs 12 sons and their ancestors became known
  as Israelites
• Famine Went to Egypt for food and work
• Later enslaved by Egyptian Rulers
• Moses led a revolt against Egyptians
• Exodus journey back to Canaan

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The Ten Commandments

• Given to Moses from God
• A set of laws for responsible behavior
• Sabbath a day of rest after a week of work
• Important part of Judaism, Christianity, and
  Islam
• First five books of the Hebrew Bible (Torah)

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Israel and Judah

• Saul First King 1020 BC
• King David built up Jerusalem (died in 961 BC)
• King Solomon (Davids son) Split into northern
  (Israel) and southern kingdom (Judah)
• King Solomon was known for his great wisdom

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Israel and Judah

• JudahConquered by Babylonians 586 BC
• Judeans were enslaved and exiled to Babylonia.
• When Babylon was conquered by Persians Judeans
  were set free.
• They returned to Jerusalem
• They rebuilt Jerusalem however their kin in
  northern Israel were no where to be found.
• Israel was conquered by Assyrians 721 BC

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Judah

• Romans came and conquered Judah
• Judah became Judaea
• AD 70 Romans destroyed the Temple
• AD 130 Judeans kicked out of Jerusalem
• Jerusalem became Roman Province of Palestine

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Movement Through the World

• After Babylonian exile, Jews settled throughout
  the world Diaspora
• Diaspora - spreading of seeds
• Realized they did not need the Temple in
  Jerusalem to worship God
• Synagogues a Jewish house of worship found all
  over the world