Teams

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Teams Team-Building ASCL/ASEC Workshop

• Facilitated by Dan EKONGWE
• Pan African Institute for Development-West Africa

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LEARNING OBJECTIVE

• Participant at the end will understand the
  following
• Difference between a group and a team
• The dynamics and skills for team formation
• The benefit of team building
• The different stages in the formation of an
  effective team
• Handling conflict in a team
• How to recognise and use helpful behaviors in a
  team
• And how to motivate a team
• The different roles in a team for synergy and
  result

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A team is a collection of individuals guided by a
common purpose striving for the same.. With a
good team, the whole is better than the sum of
the parts

• (Mallory, 1991)

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WHAT IS A TEAM?

• A group organized to work together.
• A team is a group of individuals working together
  to solve a problem, meet an objective, or tackle
  an issue.

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WHY DO TEAMS WORK?

• Whole is greater than the sum of its parts
• Individuals bring a range of talents, knowledge,
  experience, contacts, etc.
• Working together, a team can accomplish more

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Building An Effective Team

• Get to know one another
• Establish consensus as to teams purpose
• Identify available resources
• Establish rules of behavior

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Eight Characteristics of Effectively Functioning
Teams

• A clear elevating goal
• A results driven structure
• Competent members
• Unified commitment

• A collaborative climate
• Standards of excellence
• External support and recognition
• Principled leadership

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Stages in Team Building
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
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Stage 1 FORMING

• The Team
• defines the problem
• agrees on goals and formulates strategies for
  tackling the tasks
• determines the challenges and identifies
  information needed
• Individuals take on certain roles
• develops trust and communication

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Stage 2 STORMING

• During the Storming stage team members
• realize that the task is more difficult than they
  imagined
• have fluctuations in attitude about chances of
  success
• may be resistant to the task
• have poor collaboration

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Stage 3 NORMING

• During this stage members accept
• their team
• team rules and procedures
• their roles in the team
• the individuality of fellow members
• Team members realize that they are not going to
  crash-and-burn and start helping each other.

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Stage 4 PERFORMING

• Team members have
• gained insight into personal and team processes
• a better understanding of each others strengths
  and weaknesses
• gained the ability to prevent or work through
  group conflict and resolve differences
• developed a close attachment to the team

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Key Roles in Teams

• Team Leader
• Initiator
• Recorder
• Devils advocate
• Optimist
• Time keeper
• Gate keeper
• summarizer

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Different Team Roles Benefits
Team Leader

• Encourages and maintains open communication
• Leads by setting a good example
• Motivates and inspires team members
• Helps the team focus on the task
• Facilitates problem solving and collaboration
• Maintains healthy group dynamics
• Encourages creativity and risk-taking
• Recognizes and celebrates team member
  contributions

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Other Team Roles

• Initiator - Someone who suggests new ideas. One
  or more people can have this role at a time.
• Recorder - This person records whatever ideas a
  team member may have. It is important that this
  person quote a team member accurately and not
  "edit" or evaluate them.
• Devil's Advocate/Skeptic - This is someone whose
  responsibility is to look for potential flaws in
  an idea.
• Optimist - This is someone who tries to maintain
  a positive frame of mind and facilitates the
  search for solutions.
• Timekeeper - Someone who tracks time spent on
  each portion of the meeting.
• Gate Keeper - This person works to ensure that
  each member gives input on an issue. One strategy
  to do this is to ask everyone to voice their
  opinion one at a time. Another is to cast votes.
• Summarizer - Someone who summarizes a list of
  options.

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From Individuals A Group Forms
Different Personality Types

• Help members understand each other
• Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
• Extroverts ------------------ Introverts
• Sensors --------------------- iNtuitive
• Thinker ---------------------- Feelers
• Judger ----------------------- Perceiver
• By selecting one from each category, we define
  our personality type, ESTJ, ENTJINFP

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Relevance to Teams (E/I)

• Extroverts
• Need to think aloud
• Great explainers
• May overwhelm others

• Introverts
• Need time to process
• Great concentration
• May not be heard

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Relevance to Teams (N/S)

• iNtuitive
• Great at big picture
• See connections
• May make mistakes in carrying out
• plans

• Sensor
• Great executors
• May miss big picture, relative importance

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Relevance to Teams (T/F)

• Thinker
• Skillful at understanding how anything works

• Feeler
• Knows why something matters

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Relevance to Teams (J/P)

• Judger
• Good at schedules, plans, completion
• Makes decisions easily (quickly)
• May overlook vital issues

• Perceiver
• Always curious, wants more knowledge
• May not get around to acting

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Storming Diagnosis

• Do we have common goals and objectives?
• Do we agree on roles and responsibilities?
• Do our task, communication, and decision systems
  work?
• Do we have adequate interpersonal skills?

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Addressing Team Conflict

• Separate problem issues from people issues.
• Be soft on people, hard on problem.
• Look for underlying needs, goals of each party
  rather than specific solutions.

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Addressing Team Conflict

• State your views in clear non-judgmental
  language.
• Clarify the core issues.
• Listen carefully to each persons point of view.
• Check understanding by restating the core issues.

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Addressing Team Conflicts

• Identify/recognize problems
• Act quickly
• Formal conflict resolution an option
• Team needs to reach consensus
• Fire someone

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Expected Behaviors in Team

• Competitive relationships should become more
  cooperative.
• There should be a willingness to confront issues
  and solve problems.
• Team should develop the ability to express
  criticism constructively.
• There should be a sense of team spirit.

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Expected Behaviors in Team

• Be descriptive
• Don't use labels
• Dont exaggerate
• Dont be judgmental
• Speak for yourself

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Receiving Feedback
Expected Behaviors in Team

• Listen carefully.
• Ask questions for clarity.
• Acknowledge the feedback.
• Acknowledge the valid points.
• Take time to sort out what you heard.

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Intangible Benefits of Team Spirit

• Sense of accomplishment
• Self-fulfillment
• Esprit de corps
• Get to know one another
• More participation in activities
• Enhance club/OI reputation

We know how to get things done for our kids!
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Helpful Behavior

• Be optimistic
• Be on time
• Support one another
• Be courteous
• Be open minded
• Be honest
• Participate

• Be open
• Listen
• Stay on track
• Share the work
• Complete your work
• Present ideas, comments clearly
• Be prepared

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Harmful Behavior

• Sub-conversations
• Simply agree with everything
• Avoid decisions
• Go off on tangent
• Name-calling
• Attack people/ideas

• Constantly critical
• Dominate/monopolize
• Be manipulative
• Be judgmental
• Act bored/uninterested
• Do unrelated things

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Team Bonding against the weather
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Recipe for Successful Team

• Commitment to shared goals and objectives
• Clearly define roles and responsibilities
• Use best skills of each
• Allows each to develop in all areas

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Recipe for Successful Team

• Effective systems and processes
• Clear communication
• Beneficial team behaviors well-defined decision
  procedures and ground rules
• Balanced participation
• Awareness of the group process
• Good personal relationships

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Team Building Communications
What is Communications?

• to make known
• to have an interchange, as of ideas
• to express oneself in such a way that one is
  readily and clearly understood

Behaviors affect communications!
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Role of Communication in Teams

• Makes team objectives to be clearly understood
• Keep each team member in the loop
• Prevents others from dominating the team
• Get all members to participate meaningfully
• Help members make their point clearly

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Providing Recognition

• Recognize individual team members informally and
  continually
• Also provide formal recognition for special
  accomplishments

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Making Team Decisions and Solving Problems

• Gathering information
• Analyzing information

• Generating and analyzing ideas
• Examining solution alternatives
• Making decisions and gaining consensus

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The Results of Team Work
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Differences between Teams and Groups
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Traditional Work Groups Teams
Leaders dominates and controls the team The leader is facilitator and coach
Goals set by organization Goals set by team members
Leader conducts meetings Meetings are participative discussions
Leader assigns work Team plans work assignments
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Traditional Work Groups Teams
Emphasis on individual performances Emphasis on team performances
Workers compete against each other Team members work as cooperative unit
Communication flows down from leader Communication flows upward and downward(to and from leader)
Information is often hoarded by workers Information is shared
Decisions made by leader Decisions made by entire team
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Good Reasons to Form a Team in the Church

• To solve problems by drawing on the talents of
  variety of individuals.
• To foster togetherness in the church committees
  while tackling projects.
• To reduce or eliminate a lack of communication
  among members on projects that concerns all.
• To heighten productivity by encouraging an
  atmosphere of cooperation.
• To achieve a solution that might be unpopular to
  some but is the desire of the majority.

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Weak Reasons to Form a Team in the Church

• To lighten the workload of the Parish Priest
  (this requires delegation.)
• To make workers transfer knowledge to one another
  to save costs (People need training.)
• To determine the opinions and working styles of
  the church workers (the church/parish need
  improved communication.)
• To get the church workers to work harder (they
  need better supervision or motivation and
  rewards.)

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Task - Values Exercise

• What are the different types of teams available?
• Have you ever worked in a team and what was your
  experience?
• Do you belong to any committee in the church? How
  can you explain the different behaviours of team
  members to the success of good team building?

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Key Points to Keep in Mind

• Understand how and why people work together- the
  psychology of team-building and consistently
  put your knowledge to use.
• Set goals, objectives and checkpoints to keep
  team projects on track
• Select the right people to be on your team. Look
  for their full potential and cultivate it.

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Key Points to Keep in Mind

• Demand the most from yourself and your skills as
  team leader. Challenge yourself and the team
  throughout the project, and inspire others to
  follow you.
• Delegate with tact and thoroughness. Let others
  skills help you do your work. Allow others to
  grow through the tasks you assign them.

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Key Points to Keep in Mind

• Motivate your team by giving them their needs and
  wants, and by rewarding them.
• Communicate with your team in a concise manner.
  Have the team give you feedback to demonstrate
  they understand your message.
• Eliminate problems quickly when they arise.
  Confront the difficult situation, determine what
  action you should take, keep team members
  informed, if appropriate, then move on to other
  matters.

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Key Points to Keep in Mind

• Give rewards. Reward the whole team, not
  individuals.
• Instill team spirit. Monitor team morale and
  togetherness, and keep it running at an optimum
  pace.

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Moral

• When people believe in each other, when they
  believe that each team member will bring superior
  skills to a task or responsibility, that
  disagreements or opposing views will be worked
  out reasonably, that each members view will be
  treated seriously and with respect, that all team
  members will give their best effort at all times,
  and that every one will have the teams overall
  best interest at heart, then excellence can
  become a sustainable reality.

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Every Team Member Can Help!
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Thank You

• Merci