Chapter 3 Review Game

1
Chapter 3 Review Game

• Each question is worth 1 point
• Teams may receive bonus points for EXCEPTIONALLY
  good answers
• Teams may lose points for poor sportsmanship or
  any behavior that goes against the good nature of
  the game
• At the end of todays game, the team that has
  the most points will get a SpEcIaL prize on Thurs

2
List all 6 levels of organization in order from
smallest to largest Individual, population,
community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
3
What is the simplest level of complexity that
includes more than 1 species? Community
4
How many of the levels contain only 1 type of
organism/species? 2 Individual, population
5
What is the main difference between a community
and an ecosystem? A community doesnt include
abiotic factors and an ecosystem does
6
What is the relationship between ecosystems and
biomes? A group of ecosystems (organisms and
their physical environment) are what make up a
biome (similar climate, similar organisms)
7
The scientific study of interactions among
organisms and between organisms and their
environment is called? Ecology
8
What does the biosphere contain? All the
organisms and physical environments on Earth
9
Whats the difference between a food chain and a
food web? Food chains only show ONE thing an
organism eats, while food webs show all the food
chains in an ecosystem.
10
List the 3 ecological methods and how ecologists
use them Observation allows them to ask
questions about organisms/environment Experimentat
ion can imitate conditions that might occur in
nature Modeling can gain insight on complex
situations or phenomena that is too big/small to
study
11
Explain what interdependence is (use an example)
and why it is important in terms of ecology.
Organisms interact with each other and their
environments. Fish depend on water. Animals that
prey on fish would be affected if the water
suddenly dried up. Hence, they are interdependent
12
Whats the difference between biotic and abiotic
factors? Biotic living Abiotic nonliving
13
Give an example of how a BIOTIC factor affects
another BIOTIC factor (Something living affects
something else living)
14
Give an example of how an ABIOTIC factor affects
a BIOTIC factor (Something nonliving affects
something living)
15
Which of the following could be considered
biotic temperature, weather, air, soil,
humidity, fire, wind, heat Soil, air
16
List 3 ways that would help you determine if
something was a BIOTIC factor or not Made of
cells, DNA, responds to environment, stable
internal environment, requires food for energy,
grows, develops, reproduces, changes over time
17
What is the scientific term for a producer, or
something that can make its own food? Autotroph
18
How do autotrophs that dont have access to
sunlight make their food? Chemosynthesis
19

• What are 2 things that make primary producers
  important to us, as humans?
• Produce oxygen in photosynthesis
• Convert abiotic factors (sunlight, chemicals)
  into carbohydrates we use for energy

20
What do autotrophs do during photosynthesis?
Basically explain the equation. Use light
energy to convert CO2 and H2O into O2 and
carbohydrates (sugars like glucose)
21
Can organisms CREATE their own energy?
Explain No, energy cannot be created or
destroyed, only transformed into other forms
22
What is the scientific term for a consumer, or
something that gets food by ingesting other
organisms? Heterotroph
23
What would you call an animal that breaks down
organic matter? Decomposer
24
Earthworms, shrimp, krill, and mites are all
types of THIS type of consumer. Detritivore
25
Sometimes animals fit into more than 1 category
of consumers. Give an example of an animal that
fits into more than 1 category and explain your
reasoning. Lions can be carnivores when they
kill and eat their prey, but may also feed on
dead carcasses, making them scavengers
26
What is detritus and where does it come from?
Broken down organic material that comes from
decomposers
27
Trophic level pyramid

• When filling in your pyramid, in order to know
  which trophic level an organism goes in, you need
  to know WHAT the organism ate, all the way back
  down the food chain.
• Example 1 A bug eats some algae. The bug is a
  __________ consumer.

(primary)
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Trophic level pyramid

• Example 2 A fish eats a bug that ate some algae.
  The fish is a ________________ consumer.

(secondary)
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Trophic level pyramid

• Example 3 A bird eats a fish that ate a bug that
  ate some algae. The bird is a ____________
  consumer

(tertiary)
30
Trophic level pyramid

• Example 4 A bird eats a bug that ate some algae.
  The bird is a __________________ consumer.

(secondary)

• Some animals can fill in more than 1 trophic
  level

31
Trophic level pyramid

• Example 5 A bobcat eats a bird that ate a fish
  that ate a bug that ate some algae. The bobcat is
  a _________________ consumer.

(quaternary)
32
Review of 3.3

• What travels through a food chain or web?
• Energy (or biomass)

33
Review of 3.3

• Where does the energy come from for all organisms
  in a food chain or web? In other words, what is
  the ultimate energy source for all life on Earth?
  
• Sunlight or chemical energy

34
Review of 3.3

• What happens to energy as we move from step to
  step in a chain or web?
• Only about 10 of the energy is transferred to
  the eater

35
Review of 3.3

• In food chains and webs, what trophic level must
  you have more of than others?
• Primary producers

36
Review of 3.3

• About how much energy is transferred up to each
  trophic level? For example, the primary producers
  yield 100 of the energy from the sun, but
  primary consumers only get about ______
• About 10

37
Review of 3.3

• What may happen if a species goes extinct?
• The populations that solely rely on that specie
  will also go extinct the organisms preyed upon
  by the specie will flourish.

38
Review of 3.3

• What is meant by trophic levels?
• Each step or level of a food chain/web/ pyramid

39
Review of 3.3

• The 1st organism in a food chain must always be
  what type of organism?
• Primary producers

40
Review of 3.3

• Name 2 food making processes
• Photosynthesis and chemosynthesis

41
Review of 3.3

• Where do chemosynthetic bacteria get their
  energy?
• Chemical energy found in their environment/surroun
  dings

42
Review of 3.3

• What are the 3 types of ecological pyramids and
  what are they used for?

1. Pyramid of energy illustrates relative amount
   of energy for each trophic level
2. Pyramid of biomass illustrates relative amount
   of biomass contained in each trophic level
3. Pyramid of numbers illustrates the relative
   NUMBER of organisms for each trophic level

43
Review of 3.3

• Define herbivore
• Animal that eats only plants

44
Review of 3.3

• Herbivores are also called _______________________
  __ consumers
• Primary

45
Review of 3.3

• What are animals called that feed on herbivores?
• ______________ consumers
• Secondary

46
Review of 3.3

• _________________ consumers eat secondary
  consumers
• Tertiary

47
Review of 3.3

• What organism feeds on dead plants and animals
  and helps recycle them?
• Decomposers

48
Review of 3.3

• How is energy transferred once an organism dies?
  For example, when most plants die without being
  eaten, where does their energy go and how does it
  get there?
• The organism is broken down by decomposers, which
  allows primary producers to reuse the nutrients
  and energy that belonged to that organism. (Think
  ? Recycling!)

49
Review 3.3

• Why are decomposers important?

They allow energy to be recycled from dead plants
and animals. Instead of the energy being unused
after an animal dies, decomposers break down
decaying matter, forming detritus in the soil,
which becomes nutrient-rich for new plants to
grow.
50
Review of 3.3

• A plant is
• An autotroph
• A heterotroph
• A primary producer
• A and C

51
Review of 3.3

• A person who eats a chicken that ate grain is a
• Primary producer
• Primary consumer
• Secondary consumer
• Tertiary consumer

52
Review of 3.3

• Primary consumers eat
• Primary producers
• Primary consumers
• Secondary consumers
• Quaternary consumers

53
Review of 3.3

• A cow is a
• Primary consumer
• Heterotroph
• An herbivore
• All of the above

54
Review of 3.3

• Autotrophs
• Make their own food
• Are the base of the food chain
• Are primary producers
• All of the above

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Review of 3.3

• A lion that eats a zebra that ate grass is
• A primary producer
• a primary consumer
• a secondary consumer
• a quaternary consumer

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Review of 3.3

• A heterotroph
• is an autotroph
• eats other organisms
• is a primary producer
• A and C
• None of the above

57
Review of 3.3

• A detritivore
• is an autotroph
• eats decomposing matter
• kills animals
• all of the above
• none of the above

58
Review of 3.3

• If a person eats a vegetable, the person is
  acting as
• A primary producer
• A primary consumer
• A secondary consumer
• A tertiary consumer
• A quaternary consumer

59
Review of 3.3

• As nutritional energy passes through the food
  chain, energy
• Is lost
• Is gained
• Remains constant
• Increases then decreases
• Decreases then increases

60
Review of 3.3

• There are more primary producers than there are
• Primary consumers
• Secondary consumers
• Tertiary consumers
• Quaternary consumers
• All of the above

61
Review of 3.3

• The network of all the inter-related food chains
  in a biological community is called
• A food web
• A food chain
• A food pyramid
• An ecological experiment

62
Review of 3.3

• The sequence of who eats whom in a biological
  community is called
• A food web
• A food pyramid
• A food chain
• A trophic level

63
Review of 3.3

• An organism that gets its energy by eating other
  organisms is called
• An autotroph
• A primary producer
• A heterotroph
• A consumer
• C and D

64
3.4 Review

• ____________________ are closed loops through
  which elements pass through various parts of the
  biosphere and that are powered by the flow of
  energy
• Biogeochemical cycles

65

• _________________ is a key ingredient in all
  organic compounds (it is found in all living
  plants and animals)
• Carbon

66

• ________________ is needed by all organisms to
  build proteins, DNA, and RNA.
• Nitrogen (phosphorus)

67

• One process involved in the nitrogen cycle is
  _____________ which involves bacteria converting
  nitrogen gas from the atmosphere to ammonia
• Nitrogen fixation

68

• One process involved in the nitrogen cycle is
  _____________ which involves bacteria converting
  nitrogen compounds called nitrates into nitrogen
  gas
• Denitrification

69

• Most of the phosphorus in the biosphere is stored
  in ____________ and _____________ and is
  gradually released to water and soil to be used
  by organisms
• Rocks, ocean sediments

70

• A nutrient that is in short supply may limit the
  productivity of an ecosystem is called a
  ___________________________
• Limiting nutrient

71

• Two ways in which water moves from land to
  atmosphere is ____________
• Evaporation and transpiration

72

• What roles do plants play in the water cycle?
• Transpiration loss of water through leaves
• Absorb groundwater through roots

73

• The carbon in coal, oil, and natural gas came
  from
• A. combustion of fossil fuelsB. remains of dead
  organismsC. Carbon-fixing bacteria in swamp
  soilD. Carbon dioxide dissolved in ocean water
• B.

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• Human processes mainly contribute to
• A. release of CO2 into the atmosphereB. decrease
  of total carbon found on earthC. depletion of
  CO2 in the atmosphereD. increase in amount of
  carbon in rock
• A

75
True or False

• Nitrogen fixation is the process in which certain
  bacteria convert nitrogen gas into nitrates
• False nitrates? ammonia

76
True or false

• Denitrification is the process by which some soil
  bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas
• True

77
True or false

• Plants absorb phosphorus from the atmosphere or
  water.
• False atmosphere? soil

78
What cycle?

• Identify a
• Biological,
• Geological,
• Chemical/physical
• process

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CONGRATULATIONS!

• YOU MADE IT THROUGH THE CHAPTER 3 REVIEW!