The Romans

1
The Romans

• Alena Prokešová

2
Britain before The Romans

• the Celts
• many tribes, uncoordinated, no governmental
  structure
• parts of Britain ruled by kings
• frequent incursions into other territories

3
Roman Invasion

• 55 BC Julius Caesar first invaded Britain the
  Celts cooperated with the Gauls
• landed on the coast of Kent, demonstrated his
  strength and returned to Gaul (France)
• 54 BC came back with more soldiers
• neglected Gaul, had to leave Britain
• the Romans traded with British tribes, Britain is
  a very wealthy place

4
Roman Invasion

• 43 AD Emperor Claudius invaded Britain
• this time the Romans came to stay
• Claudius entered Colchester in triumph
• Iceni tribe had friendly relations with the
  Romans their chieftains left in power
• Roman attack to Iceni kingdom after the death of
  the king

5
Roman Invasion

• queen Boudicca launched an uprising
• almost managed to dislodge the Romans
• was defeated and killed
• 77 AD Agricola became an imperial governor
• he succeeded in conquering the Welsh tribes
• Roman conquest of Britain was complete except for
  Caledonia (Scotland)
• he dreamt about conquering Ireland, but it
  remained free of the Romans

6
Roman Invasion

• 122 AD Roman Emperor Hadrian built Hadrians
  Wall between Roman Britain and Scotland
• 6 years to build it, 117 km long, forts
• it was built as a defence from the Scottish
  Barbarians
• 142 AD the Romans started to build Antonines
  Wall (Hadrians successor Antoninus Pius) further
  in the north, but later abandoned

7
Roman Invasion

• Britannia England Wales
• the Celts adapted to Roman customs
• they lived in villas, spoke Latin
• the tribal centres developed into Roman towns

8
Decline in Roman Britain

• around 300 AD the attack of the barbarian
  hordes to the Roman Empire in central Europe
• some troops withdrawn to help
• attacks in the Nothern Britain from Scots and
  Picts
• Gaul in the hands of barbarian rulers in the 5th
  century no return of Romans to Britain

9
Roman Influence

• Roads straight, important for Roman army
• Buildings
• timber and daub little evidence nowadays
• stone, brick and tile
• Wealthy citizens
• in the city domus
• in the countryside villas
• Lower class flats called insulae

10
Roman Influence

• Towns
• the Forum a market place, businesses and
  government offices, temples
• public baths, still in the city of Bath in
  Sommerset
• running water and sewers, aqueducts
• mosaics, pipes with water, central heating under
  the floors in houses of rich people
• the biggest London, Colchester, St. Albans
• latin word for camp castra, chester in old
  English once a Roman town (Doncaster,
  Dorchester, Cirencester)

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Roman Influence

• Language many words are based on Latin words,
  our alphabet is based on Latin alphabet
• The Calendar started by Julius Caesar, names of
  our months taken from the names of Roman gods and
  rulers
• Law and legal system
• The Census a count of all people
• Religion worshipping of gods temples

12
The Sources

• http//www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/R
  omans.htmlgeneral
• http//atschool.eduweb.co.uk/nettsch/time/romans.h
  tml
• http//www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/histories.asp?
  nidac71pidclyfromback

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Thank you for your attention.