Fascism in Italy

1
Fascism in Italy

• The not communist communism.

2
Benito Mussolini

• Was the son of a socialist blacksmith and a
  teacher. He rejected socialism for intense
  nationalism. In 1919 he organized veterans and
  other disconected Italians into the fascist
  party. He was a fiery and chorismotic speaker who
  promised to end corruption and replace turmoil
  with order. He revived Roman greatness pledging
  to turn the Medterranean into a "Roman Lake" once
  again.By 1925 Mussolini had assumed more power
  and taken the title "DUCE" or the leader.

3
Black Shirts

• Mussolini organized his supporters into "combat
  squads".The squads wore black shirts to emulate
  an earlier nationalist revolt. These black shirts
  , or party militants  rejected the democratic
  Process in favor of violent action. They broke up
  socialist rallies, smashed presses, and attacked
  farmers' coopertives.Many Italians accepted
  these actions because they too had lost faith in
  constitutional goverment.

4
March on Rome

• Mussolini entered the city triumphantly on
  october 30,1922
• They demand that the the government make changes
•  
• King victor Emmanuel  III asked Mussolini to form
  a government as prime minister

5
State Control of Economy

• Mussolini brought the economy under the
• state to spur economic growth, end conflict
• between owners and workers and
• preserved capitalism.
• Mussolini's corporate state had 
• representatives of business, labor,
• government and the Fascists controlled 
• industry, agriculture and trade.
• Mussolini's system favored upper-class along with
  industrial leaders. Production however increased
  but workers were payed
• at a low wage and were banned from going on
  "Strike".

6
Individual and State

• By the 1930's a generation of young soldiers
  stood ready to back Il duce's drive to expand
  italian power
• Men were urged to be ruthless selfless warriors
  fighting for the glory of Italy

7
Totalitarian State

• Totalitarian governments are a one party
  democracy which attempts to regulate every aspect
  of the citizens life. Mussolini started with this
  idea and people like Hitler soon followed.
  Totalitarian governments rise under other
  governments like communism.

8
Fascism

• Fascism (fash-is-em) is described as any
  centralized, authoritarian government that is not
  communsit, whose policies glorify the state over
  the individual and are destructive to basic human
  rights. Fascism meant many different things to
  different countries in the 1920's and 1930's.
  Fascism is rooted in extreme nationalism, it
  glorifies active violence, discipline, and above
  all loyalty to the state.

9
Fascism's Appeal

• Fascism appealed to many Italians because...
• It promised a strong stable government and an end
  to the political feuding that paralyzed democracy
  in Italy. 
• Mussolini's strong nationalism increased   
  national pride. 
• Mussolini gave a sense of power and confidence at
  a time of disorder and despair.
•  

10
Fascism vs Communism

• Differences
•             Fascism                              
               Communism
• Pursued nationalists goals        Worked for
  international                                   
                           change
• Supported society with            Wanted a
  classless society
•     defined classes
• Similarities 
• Drew power by inspiring blind devotion to the
  state 
• Used terror to guard their power
• Flourished during economic hard times by
  promoting extreme programs of social change
•