History and Government of the United States

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History and Government of the United States

• Chapter 6 Section 1 2
• By G. Gomez

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Creating A Nation

• For thousand of years, the U.S. (North America)
  has attracted waves of immigrants who came to
  find a better life.
• Native Americans occupied the land until the 15th
  century then the Spanish arrived. The French
  English came next. The Native Americans were
  displace. Africans were brought as slaves, the
  Columbian Exchange began.

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The Columbian Exchange

• The coming of Europeans also began what
  historians call the The Columbian Exchange
• This are things that were exchange between the
  Americas to Europe, Africa, Asia and the
  opposite.
• America to E. Af. As. Pineapple, corn, beans,
  pumpkins, vanilla, tomatoes, potatoes cacao,
  turkeys, tobacco, peanuts, squash.
• E., Af., As. to America Citrus fruits, grapes,
  bananas, sugar cane, honey bees, coffee beans,
  peaches, pears, onions, olives, turnips, grains,
  livestock cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, also
  diseases smallpox, influenza, typhus, measles,
  malaria, diphtheria, whooping, cough.

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Many people settle the Land

• The first people that settle the land where
  believe to be Nomads who came from Asia.
• These native people occupied the land until the
  Europeans came.
• Spanish arrived first.
• The French and English came later.

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Establishing and Maintaining the Union

• The French and English fought over North America
  but in 1763, Great Britain won.
• The American Revolution led to the founding of
  the United States of America.
• In 1803 the United States doubled in size with
  the Louisiana Purchase. Louisiana Purchase was a
  key factor in expanding the nation. (Mississippi
  River Rocky Mts.)
• In the 1800s immigrants from Western Europe
  arrived in great s. They settled in cities in
  the Northeast.
• Sectionalism was growing, people were placing
  loyalty to their region, or section, above
  loyalty to the Nation.

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An Industrial Urban Society

• Most American settle in the industrial North
  Midwest cities and west of the Mississippi
• Westward Movement
• By the 19th century millions move west for better
  opportunities. Free, open land lured hundreds of
  thousands.
• To make way for the new settlers, the U.S. govt.
  remove the Native Americans
• The first transcontinental railroad across the
  U.S. was completed in 1869.
• Between the 1860 1900s 14 million immigrants
  came from Western Eastern Europe. Immigration
  clustered the cities.

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Industrialization and Urbanization

• AS the West was being settled, immigrantsmainly
  from Western and Eastern Europepoured in the
  U.S.
• They came to work in textile, steel, oil, food
  processing, and other industries.
• THE U.S. change from rural, agricultural nation
  to an urban, industrialize one.

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World Power and Domestic Change As the 20th
Century began, the U. S. was the dominant
economic and political power in the Western
Hemisphere.

• Looking Beyond its Borders The U.S. tried to
  avoid involvement in foreign affairs during its
  decades of growth.
• Because of enough natural human resources it
  had been self-sufficient. It grew the food
  necessary for survival the nations factories
  produced the manufactured goods it needed.
• It was also protected by two vast oceansthe
  Atlantic the Pacific.
• But a great depression and two world wars brought
  significant changes.

• In the two wars, the U.S. escaped physical
  damage. Except for the American Revolution and
  the Civil War, all of U. S. wars have been fought
  in other countries.

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Social Change and Technological Growth

• The last 50 years was a time of rapid social
  change.
• American move from the cities to the suburbs.
• Other left the colder climates of the North for
  the warmer climates of the south.
• Immigrants now came from countries of Latin
  America Asia.
• Civil rights movement for minority, Equality for
  women, students protested the U.S. involvement
  in Vietnam.
• U.S. economy boomed. Changes in technology
  altered the way goods were produced computers
  change the workplace.

• Today the U.S. is the sole superpower. It is a
  world leader in agriculture, manufacturing,
  global trade.

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Living in a Global Society

• American political influence spread throughout
  the world after the Second World War.
• Cold War main purpose to stop communism that was
  spearheaded by the Soviet Union (Russia).
• When communism in Europe collapsed in 1991, the
  U.S. emerged as the Worlds sole superpower.
• It used its military power to try to keep peace
  to further American interests in the
  international community.

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Governing the People

• One of the strengths of the U.S. is the political
  system.
• A representative democracy, where people rule
  through elected representatives.
• A federal republic is a government that divides
  power among federal, state, local governing
  bodies.
• The three branches of government are executive,
  legislative, judicial.

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Section 2 Economy Culture of the United States

• The Worlds Greatest Economic Power The U.S. has
  one of the worlds largest economy the most
  powerful, diverse, technological advanced in
  the world.
• Three factors available natural resources, a
  skilled labor force, a stable political system.
• Free enterprise economy, private individuals own
  most of the resources, technology, businesses,
  can operate for profit with little control from
  the government.

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Agricultural Industrial Giant

• Agricultural output is high, the U. S. supply
  about 50 of the worlds corn soybeans, 25 of
  its cotton other large parts of the worlds
  food supply.
• Despite some of the problems the U.S. had, its
  economy has been transformed.
• Changes in technology altered the way goods were
  produced.
• Computers, providing services information for
  industrial production.

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Postindustrial Economy

• The U.S. has gone from an agricultural to a
  industrial economy.
• We are now a service industry were we
  service-related jobs, such as information
  processing, finance, medicine, transportation,
  education.
• It also called a postindustrial economy, where
  manufacturing no longer plays a dominant role.

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II. A Diverse Society

• The United States is a nation of immigrants, it
  is a nation of different races ethnic
  traditions.
• 70 trace their ancestry to Europe.
• Hispanic Americans, mainly from Central South
  America make up about 13 of the population.
• African Americans 12
• Asian Americans 4
• Native Americans 1
• The largest ethnic groups are English, German,
  Irish, African, French, Italian, Scottish,
  Polish, Mexican.

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1. Languages Religion

• English is the dominant language.
• Spanish is the second most commonly spoken
  language.
• Religious freedom has been a cornerstone of
  American society.
• 85 are Christians
• 56 are Protestants 28 are Roman Catholics.
• Jews Muslims each account for about 2.

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The Arts popular culture

• The U.S. has a rich artistic heritage.
• 1st artists were Native Americans, that made
  pottery, weavings, carvings.
• Europeans settlers brought with them the artistic
  traditions of their homelands.
• Truly American styles developed in painting,
  music, literature, architecture in the 19th
  century.
• Today, motion pictures popular music are two
  influential American art forms.

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American life today

• More than 300 million people live in the U.S.
• High standard of living.
• Even through they come from different ethnic
  group, they live work together.
• They are pursuing the American dream

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1. Where Americans Live

• 80 live in cities or surrounding suburbs.
• 1st from the rural areas to cities then from
  cities to suburbs. It was made possible because
  of the automobiles the development of the
  highways.

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2.How Americans live, work, play

• 50 of American adults of working age are
  employed.
• 50 are women.
• 7 out 10 hold service industry jobs.
• Many are skilled positions, which required an
  advanced education.
• Baseball, basketball, football, golf, soccer,
  tennis, skiing. They also visit museums
  libraries watch movies television.