Common Diseases of the Digestive System

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Common Diseases of the Digestive System

• Human Biology 11

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Digestive System

• Extends from mouth to anus
• Functions
• Digestion
• Absorption

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Digestive SystemStructures

• Mouth
• Teeth grind tear food
• Tongue pushes and squeezes food
• Saliva contains amylase enzyme that breaks down
  carbohydrates

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Digestive SystemStructures

• Stomach holds food until digestive juices
  chemically break it down.
• Proteins are broken down by pepsin
• Mucus protects the lining from acid

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Digestive SystemStructures

• Pyloric sphincter controls the movement of food
  from the stomach to the small intestines.

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Digestive SystemStructures

• Small Intestines 
• food digestion completed and
• nutrients absorbed into bloodstream
• Enzymes from pancreas break down carbs, proteins
  fats

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Digestive System

• Accessory Organs
• Liver produces bile for breakdown of fats
• Gallbladder stores bile produced by liver
• Pancreas - makes insulin and digestive enzymes

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Digestive System

• Accessory Organs
• Liver produces bile for breakdown of fats
• Gallbladder stores bile produced by liver
• Pancreas - manufactures insulin and digestive
  enzymes

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Digestive SystemStructures(continued)

• Large Intestines 
• absorbs water, mineral salts and vitamins
• secretes mucus to aid in movement of feces
• Some vitamins are made here by bacteria

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Ulcer - a lesion or erosion of the lining of the
  stomach or small intestine

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Hepatitis inflammation of the liver

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Cirrhosis chronic disease of liver where scar
  tissue replaces liver tissue

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Gall stones - stones in the gallbladder

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Colitis inflammation ulcers in the large
  intestine

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Crohns Disease inflammation of the small
  large intestines

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Hemorrhoids - enlarged veins in anal area

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Constipation - difficulty in expelling fecal
  material incomplete or infrequent bowel
  movements
• Diarrhea watery bowel movements

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Gastritis inflammation of the stomach lining

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Enteritis inflammation of the intestines
• Gastroenteritis - inflammation of the stomach
  lining and intestines

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Hernia protrusion of organ through wall of
  cavity where it is normally contained

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Cancer - may occur anywhere along digestive tract

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Common Disorders Of The Digestive System

• Diverticulosis - chronic disease when small
  pouches form in the lining and wall of the colon
• Diverticulitis inflammation of pouches

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The End