?????????????????????? (Computer Architecture)

1
?????????????????????? (Computer Architecture)

• ?.?.????? ????????????

2
????? 15?????????????? (Operating Systems)
3
????????????????????????

• ?????????????????? ?????????????????????? (User
  Interface)
• ????????????????? (Control Devices)
• ?????????????? ??????????????? (Resources
  Management)
• ??????????????????????
• ????????????????????

4
?????? (Process)

• ???????????????????
• ??????????????
• ???????????
• ??????
• ?????????????????
• PSW (Program Status Word)
• ??????????????????

5
?????? (Process)

• ?????????????????

6
?????? (Process)

• ??????????????
• ????????????? (New)
• ?????????? (Ready)
• ???????? (Run)
• ??????? (Wait)
• ?????????? (Block)
• ???????????? (Terminate)

7
?????? (Process)

• ??????????????

8
?????? (Process)

• ????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????

9
?????? (Process)
10
?????? (Process)

• ???????????????????
• ??????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????? ?
  ????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????? ???????????????????
• ???????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????
  ???????

11
?????? (Process)

• ???????????????? (Cooperating Processes)
• ????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????
• ?????????

12
?????? (Process)

• ?????????????????????? (InterProcess
  Communication)
• ????????????????
• ?????????????
• ???????????????
• ????????????????
• ??????????????
• ???????????
• ?????????????????
• ?????????????????

13
?????? (Process)

• ??????????????????? (Process Synchronization)
• ????????????????? 2 ????????????????????????????

14
?????? (Process)

• ???????????????????????????????????
• Race Condition
• Mutual Exclusion ??? Critical Region
• Mutual Exclusion with busy waiting

15
?????? (Process)
Mutual Exclusion ?????? Critical Region
16
Threads
?) 3 ??????????????????? 1 thread ?) 1
??????????? 3 thread
17
Threads

• ???????????????????? thread
• ??????? thread (thread ID)
• ?????? (Counter)
• ???????????????? (Registers)
• ????? (Stacks)

18
Threads
19
Threads

• ??????????????? thread
• ??????????
• ??????????????
• ???????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????

20
Threads

• User ??? Kernel thread
• User thread
• Kernel thread

21
Threads

• ???????? Multithreading
• ????? Many-to-One

22
Threads

• ???????? Multithreading
• ????? One-to-One

23
Threads

• ???????? Multithreading
• ????? Many-to-Many

24
Threads

• ????????? thread
• ???????????? Asynchronous
• ???????????? Deferred

25
???????????????? (CPU Scheduling)

• ??????????????????????
• ??????????????????????
• ????????????????????? (CPU Utilization)
• ?????? (Throughput)
• ??????????? (Turnaround Time)
• ????????? (Waiting Time)
• ??????????? (Response Time)

26
???????????????? (CPU Scheduling)

• ??????????????????????? (Scheduling Algorithm)
• ?????????????????????????? (FCFS)
• ?????????????????????????? (SJF)
• ??????????????????????????? (Priority)
• ?????????????????? (RR)
• ????????????????????????? (Multilevel Queue)

27
??????? (Deadlock)
28
??????? (Deadlock)

• ???????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????? ?
  ????????????????? (Mutual exclusion condition)
• ????????????????? (Hold and wait condition)
• ????????????????????????????????? (No preemptive
  condition)
• ????????????? (Circuit wait condition)

29
??????? (Deadlock)
30
??????? (Deadlock)

• ???????????????????????? (Protection)
• ????????????????????? (Mutual exclusion
  prevention)
• ??????????????????????????????? (Hold and wait
  prevention)
• ?????????????????????? (Preemptable)
• ?????????????????????????? (Circular wait
  protection)

31
??????? (Deadlock)

• ??????????????????????????? (Avoidance)
• ??????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????

32
??????? (Deadlock)

• ??????????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????
• ?????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????? ? ????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????????????

33
????????????????????

• ????????????????????????
• ???????????????? (Monoprogramming)

34
????????????????????

• ????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????

35
????????????????????

• ????????????????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????????

36
????????????????????
37
????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????
38
????????????????????

• ????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????

39
????????????????????
40
????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????????
41
????????????????????

• ??????????????????????????
• ??????????????? (Paging)

42
????????????????????
????????? (Page table)
43
????????????????????
???????????????????? (TLB)
44
????????????????????

• ??????????????????????????
• ?????????????????

45
????????????????????
???????????????????????? FIFO
46
????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????? FIFO
47
????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????
48
????????????????????
???????????????????????????????
49
????????????????????
???????????????????????????????
50
????????????????????
???????????????????? NRU
51
????????????????????
???????????????????? LRU
52
????????????????????

• ??????????????????????????
• ???????????????????? (Segmentation)

53
????????????????????
54
????????????????????
???????????????? ???????? Segmentation
55
????????????????????
?????????????????????? Segmentation/Paging
56
????????????????????
????????????????????? Segmentation/Paging