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Invertebrate Animals

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Invertebrate Animals Sponges I -PHYLUM PORIFERA SPONGES Pore-bearing animals Glass Sponges They are deep water sponges that form large billowing growths up ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Invertebrate Animals


1
Invertebrate Animals
  • Sponges

2
I -PHYLUM PORIFERA SPONGESPore-bearing
animals
Variety of sponges at coral reef
3
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4
  • Glass Sponges
  • They are deep water sponges that form large
    billowing growths up to ten feet in diameter and
    nearly seven feet high. They use silica and glass
    like spicules to form the support structure of
    the sponge.

5
  • Cloud sponges are found from Alaska to Mexico,
    typically in inlets and rock ledges at depths of
    100 feet or deeper. They belong to a group that
    was present before the time of the dinosaurs.

6
A)
Major Characteristics
  • 1) Habitat fresh (150 species), or salt water
    (10,000 species)
  • 2) General Structure No true tissues or organs
    (size 1 cm 2 meters)


Tube Sponges
7
  • 3) Movement sessile in adult form, most adults
    remain firmly attached to a surface such as a
    rock

8
BODY PLAN
B)
  • 1) Body wall with 2 layers of cells separated by
    a jelly-like substance
  • 2) The sponge interior is lined with cells known
    as Choanocytes, or collar cells. Their beating
    flagella draw water into the
  • sponge through pores.

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10
  • 3) Water enters the sponge through incurrent
    pores.
  • 4) Water leaves the sponge through the
    osculum,(excurrent pore) a large pore in the top
    of the sponge

11
  • 5) Support of the sponge is provided by a
    skeleton of protein fiber network called
    spongin, or in some sponges, a network of hard
    particles called spicules. Spicules are tiny,
    hard particles of calcium carbonate or silicon
    dioxide.

12
Spicules
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Glass Sponge Spicules
glass sponge
15
Glass Sponge Spicules
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NUTRITION
C)
  • 1) Sponges filter food from the water. They are
    filter feeders.
  • 2) They eat bacteria, protozoans, unicellular
    algae, and organic matter. In some cases they
    can filter several thousand liters a day.

17
Digestion

D)
  • 1) Choanocytes(collar cells) digest food.
  • 2) Archeocytes (amebocytes) distribute food
    thoughout the sponge.

(complete digestion - intracellular)
18
Waste excretion-

E)
  • Diffusion of wastes directly into the water

19
Reproduction

F)
  • 1) asexual internal buds called gemmules
    food-filled ball of archeocytes(amebocytes)
    surrounded by a protective coat made of organic
    material. The gemmules also survive harsh
    conditions that kill the sponge.

20
  • 2) sexual archeocytes (amebocytes) carry sperm
    to egg cells within the sponge, usually from
    another sponge, expelled into the water.
  • 3) Sponges are hermaphroditic and can therefore
    produce both sperm and egg cells within the same
    animal.
  • 4) Sponge larvae have flagella to leave
  • the parent and find a new location.

21
Sponges are homes to other animals
Red sponge with brittle star inside
22
Synthetic sponges
23
PURPLE SPONGE
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