Title Page

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Title Page The Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf

• By
• Seth Charms
• Megan Barrett
• Jenny Hyman

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Table of Contents

• Iraq
• Iran
• Saudi Arabia

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Iraq Map
Iraq
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Table of Contents

• Saddam Hussein
• Iran-Iraq War
• Persian Gulf War
• Gulf War Pictures
• Gulf War Movies
• Iraqi surrender
• Economic Sanctions and Weapon Inspections

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Saddam Hussein

• Hussein moved to Baghdad in 1955, in 1959 he
  joined the Baath party and escaped to Cairo after
  an assassination.
• Hussein became involved in politics and returned
  to Baghdad in 1963
• Built country up and bought Soviet weapons with
  oil money
• Rules country with an iron hand, killed enemies

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Iran-Iraq War

• Iraqi loses totaled 400,000 soldiers, and a debt
  of 75 billion.
• Lead by Hussein

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Persian Gulf War

• Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990 and refused to
  leave by the UN security council deadline of
  January 1991.
• Led by Hussein

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Gulf War Pictures
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Gulf War Movies
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Iraqi Surrender
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Economic Sanctions Weapon Inspections

• The UN impressed economic sanctions on Iraq, such
  as no fly-zones and embargo.
• The UN demanded themselves to be allowed to check
  for illegal weapons but this was denied by Saddam
  Hussein.
• This made the UN aware that they had to make a
  greater effort to control chemical and biological
  weapons.
• After War, Iraq was forced to destroy its
  chemical and biological weapons, but did not
  comply
• No fly zones were created over Kuwait

Hussein vs. Weapons Inspectors
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Iran Map
Iran
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Table of Contents

• The Shah Monarchy
• Ayatollah Khomeini
• Khomeini and Islamic Revolution
• Iran-Iraq War
• Contemporary Iran
• Divided
• Iranian timeline

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The Shah Monarchy

• Shah is Persian King, years of reign.
• During 20th century Shah monarchy Muslims were
  not very religious.
• Women had almost equal rights to men.
• Trade was good, but Iran had economic problems.
• Children ages 7-13 were required to go to
  school.
• Under Shah, security strong.
• Strong ally of US and Israel.

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Ayatollah Khomeini

• For many years, opposition to corrupt and
  oppressive Shah reign.
• Under Khomeini, Iran became an Islamic
  Republic, and an enemy of the US.
• Revolution very popular with Iranians-between
  Shah and Khomeini.
• Turned Iran away from the western World in the
  name of Islam. US seen as Great Satan.

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Khomeini Islamic Revolution

• Hostage Crisis.
• He was the absolute and only Ruler for 10 years
  until 1989.
• Followed the Shari'a laws to an extreme extent.
• Rejection of West by embracing fundamentalist
  Islam.
• Died in 1989.

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Iran - Iraq War

• 1980 there was a war between Iran and Iraq-lasted
  8 years.
• Caused by differences between different ethnic
  groups, IranPersian, IraqArab, as well as,
  border disagreements.
• It was assumed by Iraq that Iran was weak after
  the Iranian Revolution.
• Iran lost 600,000 Iranians, and the economic loss
  totaled 1.2 billion US dollars.
• War finally ends in a stalemate.

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Contemporary Iran Divided

• Controversy between Khatami and Khamenei.
• Khatami wants Iran to be friendlier to the US and
  the western world. More freedom in Iran.
• Khamenei wants Iran to be exactly the way
  Khomeini had it. US as Great Satan, Shari'a
  law.
• Country divided.
• Most Iranian support Khatami, but Khamenei
  supported by military and clerisy.

Khamenei
Controversy
Khatami
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Iranian Timeline
The Shahs
Islamic Revolution
Khomeini
DIED
Agree with
Controversy
Khatami
Khamenei
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Saudi Arabian Map
Saudi Arabia
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Table of Contents

• Wahhabism/History
• Monarchy
• Opec Oil Saudis And Arab Neighbors
• Opec Oil Saudis And Arab Neighbors
• Persian Gulf Security
• Mecca, holds the holiest shrine of Islam, the
  Kaaba.
• Madina,is a scared city where Muhammad took
  refuge
• Riyadh, is the capitol of Saudi Arabia

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Opec Oil Saudis And Arab Neighbors

• Saudi Arabia status quo, rejects both Arab
  nationalism, Egypt under Nasser and Islamic
  fundamentalism, Iran under Khomeini.
• Arab vs. Saudis mutual enmity.

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Wahhabism/History

• Movement in Islam from mid 18th century.
• The Wahhabis formed a large tribe, and very
  strictly followed Islam, in vast empty deserts.
• In 1802, the Wahhabis conquered Mecca, but in
  1812, were driven out out of Mecca.
• Because of their extreme attitude, the Wahhabis
  were founders of Saudi Arabia.
• Eventually come to be rulers of Saudi Arabia.

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Monarchy

• The house of Saud is the family that rules Saudi
  Arabia.
• Monarchy started in 1932, when they conquered
  territories were unified, and Abdul Azin was
  named king.
• Present king of Saudi Arabia FAHD bin Abd
  al-Azin Al Saud.
• Constitution Governed according to Sharia
  (Islamic Law) Basic Law that articulates
  governments rights and responsibilities (est.
  1993).
• Sauds use Islam as unifying idea for country

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Opec Oil Saudis And Arab Neighbors

• Happened during 1973, while the Yom Kippur war
  was happening in Israel.
• Saudi Arabia played a leading role in an oil
  boycott against the Western countries that
  supported Israel. Gains Arab support
• In March, 1974, the oil embargo ended.
• This resulted in a strong increase in oil prices.
  They nearly quadrupled. Saudi Arabia becomes rich
  and powerful.

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Persian Security

• On August 2, 1990, Iraq invades Kuwait
• 1,000.000 Iraqi soldiers on Saudi Arabian border.
  
• 4 days later on August 6, King FAHD meets with
  Richard Cheney, and requests military assistance
  form USA.
• Allied Coalition defeats Iraq and Kuwait
  liberated.
• Saudi Arabia safe, Persian Gulf free for oil
  shipping.
• Continued presence of American troops very
  controversial inside Saudi Arabia.
• Some Saudis call for overthrow of King, resort to
  terrorism against infidels

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Mecca Picture
Mecca
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Madina Picture
Madina
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Riyadh Picture
Riyadh
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THE END!