Rompre avec le pass

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 Europes Response to the Global
Challenges Nicholas Hartley Head of Unit,
Policy and Strategy European Commission, DG
Research   Industrial Technologies  KoWi,
Brussels, 10th November 2005
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Challenges an increasing role for EU Research
Objective Lisbon to become the most dynamic
and most competitive knowledge-based economy
within 10 years Objective Göteborg
sustainable development (environment, health,
economy, employment) Barcelona targets
1,9 ? 3,0 of GDP with 2/3 financed by private
sector towards 700.000 researchers European
Research Area (ERA) Integrating, reinforcing,
structuring RTD capacities, improving
coordination of policies, overcoming
fragmentation of efforts and stimulating
investment in RTD
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RD European weaknesses
EU-25 US Japan
RD intensity ( of GDP) (3) 1.97 2.59 3.12
Share of RD financed by industry () (2) 55.9 63.1 73.9
Researchers per thousand labour force (FTE) (3) 5.5 9.0 9.7
Share of world scientific publications () (3) 38.3 31.1 9.6
Scientific publications per million population (3) 639 809 569
Share of world patents () (1) 31.5 34.3 26.9
Patents per million population (1) 30.5 53.1 92.6
High-tech exports as a share of total manufacturing exports () (3) 19.7 28.5 26.5
Share of world high-tech exports () (2) 16.7 20.0 10.6
Note (1) 2000 data (2) 2002 data (3) 2003 data
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Research filling the gap Total expenditure on
RD, of GDP
Japan 3.0
USA 2.7
EU-15 1.9
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Research and economic performance
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Implications
Transition from a  traditional economy  based
on traditional resources to a new economy based
on knowledge The triplet  land labour -
capital  is replaced by knowledge
capital this implies moving from an economy of
quantity to an economy of quality, from an
economy of use and waste to a sustainable
economy
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Towards new paradigms

• Cancellation of the resource-based differences
  between competitors
• Focus on Added Value
• Added Value products ? high-tech products
• Role of knowledge new factor of production

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Industrial Transformation

• In the globalised economy, EU industry must focus
  upon creating products with more added-value
  its a question of survival!
• Such a transition is producing discontinuities
  in products, industries, people and approaches
• Six main changes include moving from
• Linearity to complexity
• Individual to system competitiveness
• Resource-based to knowledge-based economies
• Macro ? micro ? nano
• Top-down ? bottom-up production
• Mono-disciplinarity ? interdisciplinarity ?
  convergence

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The fundamental changes

• OLD INDUSTRIES
• (resource-based)
• Compact enterprise
• Production chain
• Mass production
• Quantity driven
• Resource-intensive
• Production driven
• Linear approach (Taylorism in production)

• NEW INDUSTRIES
• (knowledge-based)
• Extended enterprise
• Network of suppliers
• Focus to added value
• Quality driven
• Brain intensive
• Demand driven
• Simultaneous approach

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Transition phase crossing Death Valley

• Delocalisation of traditional industries towards
  areas where labour and environmental costs are
  less constraining
• Dematerialisation of production and
  organisation
• Novel activities and new generation of high-tech
  industries
• Vanishing of some industries
• The shift from labour-intensive to
  knowledge-intensive operations modifies jobs and
  skills required

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Enterprise life curve
Turnover
Phases Conditions Finance Initial Favorable Start up Spin off Growth Adaptation Venture Cap. Business angels Developm. Optimisat. resources Cash flow Loans Critical Knowledge relevance Loans End of life Loss Debts
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FRAMEWORK PROGRAMMES
FP 2 (1986-90)
FP 1 (1983-86)
FP 3 (1990-94)
National European Globalised
oriented
Market
Supplier Market
Environment oriented
oriented customer driven
Indust. approach
Technology Market System
push pull
oriented
RTD approach
years
1983
1986 Single act
1990
1993 Maastricht
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FRAMEWORK PROGRAMMES (cont.)
FP 4 (1994-98)
FP 5 (98-02)
FP 6 (02-06)
FP 7 (07-13)
e-commerce Knowledge-based
user driven society
Market
Indust. approach
Concentration High added-value
Networking integration
Society Sustainability Radical
Converging oriented problem
innovation technologies solving
Breakthrough
RTD approach
years
1999 Euro
2000 Enlargement
1997 Amsterdam
2007.. Lisbon
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DISCIPLINES
CONVERGING
TECHNOLOGIES
MONO
MULTI
INTER
TRANS
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FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies

• Overall objective improve the competitiveness
  of EU industry (including SMEs) and ensure its
  transformation through
• the effective transition from a resource-based to
  knowledge-based industry
• generation of new breakthrough, applicable,
  knowledge
• strengthening EU leadership in nano, materials
  and production technologies
• emphasis on integrating different technologies
  and disciplines across many sectors
• Importance of Technology Platforms to help
  establish common research priorities and targets

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FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies

• Four activities
• Nanosciences and nanotechnologies
• Materials
• New production
• Integration of technologies for industrial
  applications
• good continuity with  NMP  activities in
  FP 6

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FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies

• Nanosciences and nanotechnologies
• Objective increase and support the take up of
  knowledge generated in this revolutionary field
  for all industrial sectors
• Topics include interface and size dependent
  phenomena materials properties at nano-scale
  self assembly metrology new concepts and
  approaches impacts on health and safety
  convergence of emerging technologies

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FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies

• Materials
• Objective generate new knowledge to enable new
  industrial products and processes to be achieved,
  exploiting the potential of interdisciplinary
  approaches in materials research.
• Topics include high performance, sustainable
  and knowledge-based materials design and
  simulation nano-, bio- and hybrid materials and
  their processing chemical technologies and
  materials processing industries

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FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies

• New production
• Objective create continuously innovating
  production capabilities to achieve leadership in
  industrial products processes in the global
  marketplace.
• Topics include Knowledge-intensive production
  new paradigms for emerging industrial needs
  adaptive, networked and knowledge-based
  production convergence of technologies for next
  generation of high value-added products (nano,
  bio, info, cognitive..)

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FP7 Cooperation Theme 4Nanosciences,
nanotechnologies, materials and new production
technologies

• Integration of technologies for industrial
  applications
• Objective accelerate the rate of industrial
  transformation by exploiting the application
  potential of new generic technologies.
• Topics include Integration of nano, materials
  and production technologies in sectoral and
  cross-sectoral applications (e.g. health,
  construction, transport, energy, chemistry,
  environment, textiles clothing, pulp paper,
  mechanical engineering,)

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The strategic importance of nano

• Nano-sciences and technologies offer
• Great challenges to the scientific community in
  terms of scientific, educational, and
  organisational multi-disciplinarity, i.e.
   CONVERGING  of technologies
• Potential for innovation and applications in
  many areas
• Economic opportunities in many sectors

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Some Perspectives

• Nanotechnology, as a new market, does not exist
  but there is a value chain e.g. from
  nanomaterials, to intermediate components and
  finished products
• In 2004, 13 billion worth of products
  incorporates emerging nanotechnology, equivalent
  to lt0.1 of manufacturing output (Lux Research)
• In 2014, it is expected that this figure will
  rise to 2.6 trillion as nanotechnologies spreads
  across many sectors, 15 of manufacturing output
  (ibid)
• Europe needs to be at the forefront and ensure
  that it has the knowledge and capacity to benefit
  from this revolution

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Which role/implications for EU academic community?
Education - Multidisciplinarity Research -
Knowledge creation (increase basic
research and focus on
driver/converging technologies) Innovation
- Development of new relationships with
finance Spreading of knowledge/popularisati
on - Increase credibility dialogue
ScienceSociety Governance - Contribute to
the transition Local development - Increase in
knowledge use/application locally
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and for industry?

• FOCUS - Core business
• - Added Value
• - Miniaturization/security
• REDEFINITION - Global
• of ROLE - Niche
• - Supplier
• - Assembling
• ORGANISATION - New production
  paradigms
• - Global organisation
• - Flexible logistics
• - Assembling relevance
• - Knowledge integration
• - New professional skills
• NEW - Academia
• RELATIONSHIPS - Finance

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Information

• EU research http//europa.eu.int/comm/research
• Seventh Framework Programme and SPs
  http//europa.eu.int/comm/research/future/index_en
  .cfm
• Information on research programmes and projects
• http//www.cordis.lu
• RTD info magazine
• http//europa.eu.int/comm/research/rtdinfo/
• NMP Industrial Research Magazine
  http//europa.eu.int/comm/research/industrial_tech
  nologies/lists/magazine_en.html