Rise, Reign, and Fall of Louis XIV

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Rise, Reign, and Fall of Louis XIV

• Chapter 5 Section 2

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UEQ and LEQ

• UEQ How was absolutism expressed in different
  regions around the world?
• LEQ How did Louis XIVs attempt to expand his
  empire ultimately lead to the downfall of France?

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Vocabulary

• Cardinal Richelieu
• Louis XIV
• Edict of Nantes
• Intendants
• War of the Spanish Succession
• Louis XIII
• Catherine de Medici
• Cardinal Mazarin

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Do Now

• Answer the questions below
• Why might a leaders height play an important role
  in how he or she rules?
• Read the Louis XIV preview reading at the side of
  page 164
• How tall was Louis XIV?
• How did he try to overcome this height problem?
• What does Louis XIVs likes and dislikes reveal
  about him as a ruler?

5
Map Activity

• Get out the map that you had previously filled in
  on the Spanish and Dutch Empires.
• Grab one colored pencil of a different color from
  what you used before.
• Turn to page 153 in your textbook and color in
  the French Empire.
• Answer these two questions in you mind
• Why do you think France had less land than other
  Empires?
• What kind of limitations could bigger more
  powerful Empires have placed on France?

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French EmpireBefore
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Setting the StageDownfall of France

• 1559 King Henry II of France dies
• Leaves three sons to rule France in succession.
• Wife of Henry, Catherine de Medicis has real
  power and rules France instead of three sons.
• Religious problems between French Catholics and
  Protestants cause eight religious wars to be
  fought. (1562-1598)
• France begins to fall apart in this 30 year time.

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Henry and Catherine
Why do you think Catherine had more power than
her three sons? Is this good or bad?
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Henry of Navarre

• 1589 Henry inherits the French throne after
  Catherine and her last son had died.
• Henry became Henry IV, the first French
  Protestant King.
• Decisive, Fearless, Clever Politician
• Most French Catholics opposed and hated Henry so
  he becomes Catholic.
• 1598 Henry passes the Edict of Nantes, which
  granted religious toleration to all other
  religions in France

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Legacy of Henry IV

• Spent rest of life rebuilding France.
• Restored French monarchys power.
• Most French citizens hated Henry.
• 1610 French citizen stabbed Henry to death.

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Louis XIII and Cardinal Richelieu

• 1624 Louis XIII takes over after the death of
  Henry IV.
• Louis was a very weak ruler!
• Louis appoints Cardinal Richelieu as his minister
  and advisor.

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Cardinal Richelieu

• After 1624, becomes ruler of France.
• Richelieu took three steps
• Step 1 Moved against Protestants and stopped
  them from having walls around their cities and
  towns.
• Step 2 Weakened rich citizens (Nobles) powers
• Ordered them to take down their forts and castles
• Increased power of government agents so the king
  did not get advice from nobles.
• Step 3 Enters France into the Thirty Years War
  with Empires around France.
• Cardinal Richelieu???

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Defining Cardinal Richelieu
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Louis XIV

• 1643 Became king at age 14 after the death of
  his father Louis XIII.
• Did not inherit the throne right away.
• Rule of France was left to Cardinal Mazarin, who
  replaced Cardinal Richelieu.
• French citizens hated Mazarin because he
  increased taxes and gave the government more
  power.
• 1648-1653 citizen riots tore France apart and
  threatened the life of Louis XIV because of
  citizens hatred of Mazarin.

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Louis XIV and Cardinal Mazarin
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Anti-Mazarin Riots

• Riots end in 1653
• Louis XIV never forgets his fear or anger of
  upper class citizens in France.
• Vows to become more powerful than the upper
  class.
• Failure of Riots
• Riots leaders hated each other
• Government used violence against citizens
• Poor citizens grew tired of rioting and fighting

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Louis XIV Gains Power

• 1661 Cardinal Mazarin dies
• At age 22 Louis XIV becomes king and limits power
  of upper class citizens by excluding them from
  government.
• Louis increases power of government agents
  called intendants that collected taxes and
  carried out justice.
• 1685 Louis ends the Edict of Nantes
• Thousands of Protestant artisans and business
  people leave France.

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The Sun King
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Louiss Control

• Louis spent a fortune on luxury.
• Draw the chart below, read page 165 and come up
  with five ways to show how Louis spent money on
  luxury or how Louiss life was luxurious.

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Luxury in Life
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Palace at Versailles (Past)
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Palace at Versailles (Present)
Palace of Versailles
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Versailles Web Quest

• Using the handout Louis XIV Web Quest complete
  the exploration Web Quest so you can learn more
  about the Versailles Palace and Louis XIVs
  power.
• Grab your assigned laptop, log on, and go to the
  website listed at the top of this page.
• Go through the website answering questions about
  the Versailles Palace, following every direction
  listed in the handout.
• Complete the writing assignment at the end of the
  project worth 50 points.

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France Loses Power

• 1667 and 1672 Louis has the French Army invade
  the Netherlands.
• France gains several Dutch towns.
• 1680 European nations unite together to stop
  France.
• Done to balance power of all nations.
• 1689 European countries equal Frances strength,
  poor food harvests and higher taxes made by Louis
  bring great suffering to the French citizens.

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War of Spanish Succession
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Final War

• War of Spanish Succession
• Louiss grandson inherits the Spanish Empire and
  Louis moves to unite both Empires into one.
• England, Austria, Portugal, and other European
  countries unite and fight Spain and France.
• 1714 war ends, both Spain and France lose land.

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Louiss Death and Legacy

• 1715 Louis dies.
• In the last years of his life he regretted the
  suffering and pain he brought on the citizens.
• News of Louiss death brought rejoicing and
  celebrations throughout France.
• Legacy of Louis XIV
• France gained great power.
• France gained new land to increase its empire.
• France was bankrupt and had no money.
• Revolts against French rulers continued.

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French EmpireAfter
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Revolution in France
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LEQ Homework

• Answer the LEQ in full complete sentences.
• How did Louis XIVs attempt to expand his empire
  ultimately lead to the downfall of France?
• In your answer provide examples and be sure to
  explain your answer in full detail.
• Worth 20 points