Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin, 2004

1
Token Ring

• ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????
• http//www.citforum.ru/nets/protocols2/default.htm
  (?.??????, ?.??????. ??????? ??????????
  ????????? ?????)
• Internetworking Technology Handbook (Cisco
  Systems)
• Token Ring Technology Overview (Cabletron Systems)

Rev. 1.01 / 06.02.2005
Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs
2
??????????? Token Ring

• IBM, 1970 ??. ???????????? IEEE 802.5,
  ?????????????? ? 1985 ????, ????? ????????? ?
  ????????? ?????????? ? ????? Token Ring.
• ?????????? ? ????????? ?????? ?????? OSI/RM
• ?????????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????????
  ????? ????????
• ????? ??????? ? ????? - ????????? (Token)
• TR - ?????????????????? ????, ?????? ????? ??????
  ?????, ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????
  ????? ?????????? ??????????
• ?????????? ????????? - ??????
• ?????????? ????????? - ?????? (??????)
• ????????? ??????????? ????????
• ????????? ??????????????? ???????
  (????????????????? ??????????? ???????)
• ????? ??????? ?????????????????? ?? ????????? ?
  Ethernet
• ??????? ???????????? ????? ????? (??? ??????? ??
  ?????????? ???????? ??????? ? ????)
• ????? ???????? STP, UTP, ???????????? ??????,
  ???????????
• ?????????? ??????????? - Manchester II
• ???????? ???????? - 4/16 ????/???
• ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ? ???????? - 260
  (Ethernet - 1024)

Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs
3
????????? ????? ???????
??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????,
????? ???????? ?????? (?????), ???????????? ??
????? ??????? ? ?????? ?? ?????. ? ?????????
??????? ?????????? 1 ???, ? ???? ????????????
????????? ???? ?????, ??????? ??????,
?????????????? ??????????? ?????, ????
??????????. ?????????? ?????????????? ????
???????????? ?? ???? (?????? ??????? ???
?????????????) ?? ??? ???, ???? ?? ?????? ??
????????. ??????? ????????? ? ????? ??????? ?
????????? ? ?????????? ??? ??????. ???????????,
??????? ???? ?????????????? ???? ? ???????? ??
???????? ??????, ??????????? ??????, ??????? ???
? ???? (????? ??????? ???????????? TR 16 ????/???
??????????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????,
early token release).
MSAU - multi-station access unit
Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs
4
????? Token Ring

• ???? ??????
• ?????? SD-AC-ED
• ????? ?????? SD-ED
• ?????????????? ???? ??? ???? ??????????

SD AC FC DA SA Data FCS ED FS
SD - Starting Delimiter (1 ????, JK0JK000 J ? K
- ????, ?????????? ????? ???????????). AC -
Access Control (1 ???? PPPTMRRR, 3 ????
??????????, T0 - ??????, T1 - ???. ????, ???
???????? M, ??? ???? ??????????????
??????????). ???? ?????????? ????????????
????????, ??????????? ???? (?????) ? ?? ?????
???? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????. ???? ??????
??????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
????????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ? ???? RRR
????????, ??????????? PPP. ? ?????? ?????????
????????????? ????????? RRR, ???????? ????? PPP
????????? ???????? ? ???????? ????????? (000)
????????, ????????? ?????????? RRR.
Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs
5
????? Token Ring
FC (Frame Control) - ???? ?????????? ??????
?????? ?????????, ??? ???????? ???? - ?????? ???
LCC ??? ??????????? ?????????? ??? MAC ??????. ?
??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???
??????????? ??????????.DA, SA (?? 6 ????) - ????
??? ???? ?????? 1, ?? ?????????????????
????????? ??? ???? ??????? ????, ???? ??????
???1, ?? ????? ????????? ????????, ???? ??????
???0, ?? ????????? ?????????? ???????, ??????
??? 0, ?? ????? - ?????????? (???), ?????? ???
1, ????? - ?????????, ???????????
??????????????? ??? (??????? ????????? ?????????
?????, ?????? ? ?.?. - ??????? ??????? ?????????
???????? ??????).Data (0-4500 ???? ???
4????/???, 0-18000 ???? ??? 16 ????/???) -
?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????, ??
????????? 10 ??.FCS (Frame Check Sequence). ED -
Ending Delimiter (1 ????, JK1JK1IE J, K - ????,
?????????? ????? ???????????, I - ???
?????????????? ????? ? ??????????????????, I0
????? ???? - ????????? ? ????? ??? ????????????,
E - ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????, E1 -
??????). FS (Frame Status) - ??? ???? A -
address resolved, C - frame copied. ??????? ?????
??????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ???????. ??1
- ????? ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ??????? ????? ??
??????, ?0 - ????????? ????????? ????????, ?0 -
??????? ?? ????????, ????? ?????????.
Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs
6
????????? Token Ring
?????????? ????? MSAU ? ?????? ??? ????????
?????????? ??????. ?????? MSAU ???? ???????????
???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??
??????). Lobe ???? - ????? ???????? ? MSAU. Patch
???? - ????? ????? MSAU.
Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs
7
???? ????????? ????????
? ???????? ???????, ??????????? ? ??????????????
?????? ????, ???????????? ???? ?? ???????????,
?????????? ???????? ?????????. ?????? ?? ????
???? ?????? ? ???????????? ????? ?, ????????????
??, ??? ?? ????????? ? ????. ???????? ???????
????????????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ?
??????????????? ??????. ????????? - ?????????
????????. ??????????????? - ?????????????? ????.
? ????? ?? ???????????? ?? ???????? ???????????
???????, ???????? ??????????? ???????,
?????????????? ???????. ???? ???????? ???????
????????? ???? ?????? (????? ?? ?????) ? ?????
??? ?????? ? ????, ?????? ??????? ?????
?????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????????
??????? (Claim Token). ???? ??????????? ?????????
? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????????
?? ?????. ???? ???? ????? ????, ?? ???????
???????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????????
???????? - ???????? ?????? ??????? ? ?????
??????? ???????.??????? ? ?????? ? ???? ???
??????? ??????? ??????? ???? Claim Token.
Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs
8
????????? ??????? ? ??????
1. ??????? ????????? ?????? ? MSAU. 2. ???????
??????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??????, ????
??????, ???????????? ?? ???????? ???????. ????
???, ?? ????????? Claim Token. 3. ????????
???????????? ??????? (??????? ???????? ?????
????? ????, ???? ????? ???????? ? ????? ?????
????????? ?1, ??????, ???? ?????, ???????
??????????? ?? ????). 4. ??????? ???????? ??????
?????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? (Nearest
Active Upstream Neighbor, NAUN), ??? ???????? ??
????????? ???? ????????????????? ?????
???????????. ???????, ?????????? ????? ?????
?????????? ? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???
?????????? ??????? ? ????????? ????? ?? ????????.
????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???? ?????
?????? ??????????? ??????. 5. ???????
???????????????? ??????????? ????????? ????
(???-?? ??????? ? ????? ????????? ??????) ?
????????????????? ???????. ???? ??????? ? ????
??? - ????? ???????? ?? ?????????. ?????
?????????? ??????? 1-5 ??????? - ????????
???????? ???? Token Ring.
Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs
9
?????????????? ??????
???????? ??????? ????? ? ????? ??????
?????????????????? ?????? (??????? ?????? ???
????? ?????????, ???????????? ??????, ? ??????
??? ????????????? ???????? ??? ??????????????
??????). ?? ?????? ??????????? ????, ???????
???????????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????
? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????.
???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ????????,
?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????.
?????????? ????????? ? ????. Beaconing. ???
????????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????
??????? ???????? ? ???? ????? ??????????? (???? ?
?????? ??????????? ?????? NAUN). NAUN ????????
???? ????, ?????? ?? ???????????????? ? ??
????????????, ???? ? ???? ?????????????. ????
NAUN "?????", ?? ????????????? ??? ???
??????????, ?? ????????? ??????? ?????????
????????? Beaconing ??? ?????? ?? ????????????.
Petrozavodsk State University, Alex Moschevikin,
2004
NETS and OSs