Assessment

1
Assessment

• COURSE
• ED 1203 INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING
• COURSE INSTRUCTOR
• SAID A.S.YUNUS

2
What is Assessment?

• The word assess comes from the Latin verb
  assidere meaning to sit with.
• In assessment one is supposed to sit with the
  learner. This implies it is something we do
  with and for students and not to students
  (Green, 1999).
• Assessment in education is the process of
  gathering, interpreting, recording, and using
  information about pupils responses to an
  educational task. (Harlen, Gipps, Broadfoot,
  Nuttal,1992)

3
What is Evaluation?

• Evaluation is the process of analyzing,
  reflecting upon, and summarizing assessment
  information and making judgments and/or decisions
  based on the information collected about student
  achievement in relation to outcomes.

4
Assessment vs. Evaluation

• "Evaluation usually occurs when students finish a
  task, whereas assessment goes beyond evaluation
  to include gathering information about student
  performance as they work as well as when they are
  finished. Assessment is also usually done with
  the student, while evaluation is done to the
  students' work."
• Source AASL AECT. (1998). Information Power,
  Building Partnerships for Learning. Chicago and
  London American Library Association, page 173.

5
Assessment Shifts

• Assessment of
• At the end of learning, summative, performance in
  reference to a standard
• Assessment for
• During learning, used to inform instruction and
  learning, student is a partner in the assessment
  process
• Assessment as
• is about reflecting, discussing together before,
  during and after teaching and learning.

6
Assessment
OF Learning FOR AS Learning
Evaluation Summative (after) Judging Assigning grades reporting on achievement Assessment Diagnostic (before) Formative (during, ongoing) Coaching Providing feedback to students teachers to make decisions about next steps in learning
7
The Assessment-Instruction Process
Pre Assessment finding out
Summative Assessment making sure
Formative Assessment checking in feedback
student involvement
8
Pre-Assessment Strategies

• Student Products
• Student Work Samples
• Show of hands/EPR (Every Pupil Response)
• Standardized Test Data
• Teacher Observation
• Writing Prompts
• Writing Samples

• Checklist
• Pre-test
• KWL Charts
• Graphic Organizers
• Pre-test
• Student Discussions
• Student Demonstrations

9
Formative Assessments

• Assessments FOR learning happens while learning
  is still underway.
• These are assessments that
• are conducted throughout teaching and learning
  to diagnose student needs
• plan the next steps in instruction
• provide students with feedback they can use
  to improve the quality of their work
• help students see and feel how they are in
  control of their journey to success

10
Definition

• Formative assessment delivers information during
  the instructional process, before the summative
  assessment. Both the teacher and the student use
  formative assessment results to make decisions
  about what actions to take to promote further
  learning. It is an ongoing, dynamic process that
  involves far more than frequent testing, and
  measurement of student learning is just one of
  its components.
• Almost any assessment instrument can be used for
  summative or formative purposes, but some, by
  design, are better suited to summative use and
  others to formative use.

11
Formative Assessment Strategies

• Learning Logs
• Oral Attitude Surveys
• Oral Presentations
• Peer Evaluations
• Problem Solving Activities
• Products
• Questioning
• Quiz
• Response Groups
• Self-Evaluations

• Conference
• Cooperative Learning Activities
• Demonstrations
• Exit Card
• Graphic Organizers
• I Learned Statements
• Interviews
• Journal Entry
• KWLs

12
Effective Formative Assessments Provide the
Following

• Provide a clear and understandable vision of the
  learning target
• Use examples and models of strong and weak work
• 3. Offer regular descriptive feedback.
• Teach students to self-assess and set goals.
• 5. Engage students in self-reflection, and let
  them keep track of and share their learning.

13
Summative Assessment

• A summative assessment/evaluation is referred as
  assessment OF learning which conducted at the end
  of the progrsmme. Summative assessment is
  designed to
• provide information
• make judgments about student achievement at the
  end of a sequence of instruction, (e.g., final
  drafts/attempts, tests, exam, assignments,
  projects, performances)
• It is a means to determine a students
  mastery and understanding of information,
  skills, concepts, or processes.

14
Summative Assessment Strategies

• Unit Test
• Performance Task
• Product/Exhibit
• Demonstration
• Portfolio Review

www.stcloudstate.edu/oce/teaching/documents/FORMAT
IVEASSESSMENT.ppt
15
Assessment Instruments
Pre-assessment (diagnostic) Formative (ongoing) Summative (final)
Pretests Quizzes Teacher-made test
Observations Discussions Portfolios
Journals/logs Assignments Projects
Discussions Projects Standardized tests
Questionnaires Observations
Interviews Portfolios
Journal logs
Standardized tests
16
Informal and Formal Assessment

• Informal assessment can take a number of forms
• unplanned comments, verbal feedback to students,
  observing students perform a task or work in
  small groups, and so on.
• Formal assessment are exercises or procedures
  which are
• systematic
• give students and teachers an appraisal of
  students achievement such as tests.

17
Traditional Assessment

• Multiple-choice
• True-false
• Matching
• Norm-referenced and criterion referenced tests

18
Norm and Criterion-referenced tests

• Norm-referenced test
• standardized tests (college board, TOEFL, GRE)
• Place test-takers on a mathematical continuum in
  rank order
• Criterion-referenced tests
• give test-takers feedback on specific objectives
  (criterea)
• test objectives of a course
• known as instructional value

19
Authentic Assessment

• Authentic assessment
• reflects student learning, achievement,
  motivation, and attitudes on instructionally
  relevant classroom activities
• Examples
• performance assessment
• portfolios
• self-assessment

20
Purposes for Assessment

• Diagnose students strengths and needs
• Provide feedback on student learning
• Provide a basis for instructional placement
• Inform and guide instruction
• Communicate learning expectations
• Motivate and focus students attention and effort
• Provide practice applying knowledge and skills

21
Purposes continued

• Provide a basis for evaluation for the purpose
  of
• Grading
• Promotion/graduation
• Program admission/selection
• Accountability
• Gauge program effectiveness