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THE SKELETAL SYSTEM

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THE SKELETAL SYSTEM Chapter 14 Lesson 1 part 2 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * joint a connection between two or more bones or between cartilage and ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: THE SKELETAL SYSTEM


1
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
  • Chapter 14
  • Lesson 1 part 2

2
joint
a connection between two or more bones or between
cartilage and bone
Joints provide flexibility and enable the
skeleton to move.
3
Joints are designed for specific functions and
are classified into two groups
  • Movable Joints
  • Immovable Joints

4
Movable Joints
  • ball and socket
  • hinge
  • pivot
  • gliding (condyloid)

5
Ball and socket joint
6
Hinge joint
7
Pivot joint
8
Gliding (condyloid) joint
9
Immovable Joints
sutures - the interlocking margins of skull bones
10
Anatomy of a joint
Tendon
Bursa
Patella
Femur
Bursa
Synovial Cavity
Ligament
Tibia
Bursa
11
synovial membrane
lines the inner surface of the joint cavity
secretes a lubricating fluid called synovial
fluid, which acts as a shock absorber between the
bones
12
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13
ligaments
connect the bones of a joint
14
ligaments
15
tendons
connects muscle to bone often extend across the
joint and strengthens it
16
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17
bursas
a fluid-filled sac lined with synovial membrane
Bursa
Bursa
Bursa
18
bursas
located between tendons, ligaments, bones
19
bursas
serve as cushions and reduce friction
Bursa
Bursa
Bursa
20
Bone JointDiseases and Disorders
  • Arthritis
  • Rheumatism
  • Sprain
  • Double-jointed
  • Osteoporosis

21
Arthritis
a disease in which joints become irritated or
inflamed, such as when cartilage in joints is
damaged or wears away usually accompanied by
pain. Arthritis frequently results in changes in
the joint structure, greatly hampering movement.
22
Rheumatism
a general term for various conditions that are
characterized by soreness and stiffness of
muscles and joints
23
Sprain
A stretch injury to the ligaments of a joint. In
severe sprains, the ligaments may be torn.
24
Double-jointed
results from abnormally long ligaments, which
allow a joint to be easily dislocated
25
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a common bone disease which
causes bones to weaken and become brittle.
26
Healthy Bones
  • One of the best ways to keep bones healthy is to
    exercise.
  • Without exercise, bones weaken and lose mass.
  • Bones need a balanced diet that includes calcium
    and Vitamin D.

27
The Skeletal System and Homeostasis
  • Because bones supply calcium to your nerves,
    muscles, and heart, a healthy skeletal system is
    important in maintaining your bodys homeostasis.
  • Working together with muscles, bones enable you
    to move away from unpleasant stimuli or danger.
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