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PENELITIAN PENGEMBANGAN

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Title: PENELITIAN PENGEMBANGAN


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(No Transcript)
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PENELITIAN PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN (R D)
(sebuah pengantar)
BUDIYONO
2012
3
JENIS PENELITIAN (Gray, 1981)
  • penelitian dasar (basic research)
  • penelitian terapan (applied research)
  • penelitian evaluasi (evaluation research)
  • penelitian pengembangan (research and
    development)
  • penelitian tindakan (action research)

4
JENIS PENELITIAN (Gray, 1981)
  • penelitian dasar (basic research)
  • penelitian terapan (applied research)
  • penelitian evaluasi (evaluation research)
  • penelitian pengembangan (research and
    development)
  • penelitian tindakan (action research)

dapat menjadi penelitian unggulan
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PENGERTIAN
  • educational research and development is a process
    used to develop and validate educational product
  • penelitian pengembangan bukan sekedar penelitian
    untuk menguji hipotesis, melainkan untuk
    menghasilkan produk-produk kependidikan
    berkualitas yang dapat dimanfaatkan di sekolah

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PENGERTIAN
  • educational research and development is a process
    used to develop and validate educational product

Yang dimaksud produk merujuk tidak hanya pada
objek material tetapi juga prosedur dan/atau
proses
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PENGERTIAN
  • educational research and development is a process
    used to develop and validate educational product

The background reason for this RD is the
classroom problems related to educational
products. The problems might occur because, for
example, the existing text book is out of date
it is not approriate anymore to the recently
growing theory of languange learning, it does not
accomodate the latest curriculum, or students
learning achievement is not as high as expected
(Mohammad Adnan Latief 2009).
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  • The steps of the process is called R D cycle,
    which consist of
  • (1) studying research findings pertinent to the
    product developed,
  • (2) developing the product based on the
    findings,
  • (3) field testing it in the setting where it
    will be used eventually,
  • (4) revising it to correct the deficiencies
    found in the field-testing stage
  • The cycle is repeated until the field-test data
    indicate that the product meets its behaviorally
    defined objectives

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KUALITAS PRODUK
  • kriteria kualitas produk valid, praktis, dan
    efektif
  • valid sesuai dengan teori-teori yang terkait
    dengan produk dan keberjalanan produk
  • praktis dapat digunakan dengan mudah oleh
    pengguna (user)
  • efektif lebih baik daripada produk yang telah
    ada

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Langkah-langkah RD (Plomp,1982)
  • studi pendahuluan (preliminary investigation)
  • pembuatan desain (design)
  • merealisasikan desain atau pengembangan
    (realization/construction)
  • melakukan tes dan evaluasi produk, serta revisi
    produk (test, evaluation, and revision)
  • implementasi pada pengguna dalam skala luas
    (implementation)

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Langkah-langkah RD (Borg Gall,1983)
  • Research and information collecting includes
    review of literature, classroom observations, and
    preparation of report of state of the art
  • Planning includes defining skills, stating
    objectives, determining course sequence, and
    small scale feasibility testing
  • Develop preliminary form of product includes
    preparation of instructional materials,
    handbooks, and evaluation devices
  • Preliminary field testing conducted in from 1
    to 3 schools, using 6 to 12 subjects. Interviews,
    observational and questionaire data are collected
    and analyzed
  • Main product revision revision of product as
    sugested by the preliminary field-test result

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Langkah-langkah RD (Borg Gall,1983)
  • Main field testing Conducted in 5 to 15 schools
    with 30 to 100 subjects. Quantitative data on
    subjects precourse and postcourse performance
    are collected. Results are evaluated with respect
    to course objectives and compared with control
    group data, when appropriate
  • Operational product revision revison of product
    as suggested by main field-test results
  • Operational field testing Conducted in 10 to 30
    schools involving 40 to 200 subjecs. Interview,
    observational and questionare data are collected
    and analyzed
  • Final product revision Revision of product as
    suggested by operational field-test results
  • Dissemination and implementation Report on
    product at professional meetings and in journal.
    Work with publisher who assumes commercial
    publication. Monitor distribution to provide
    quality control

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4 TAHAPAN DALAM RD
  • pra-pengembangan
  • pengembangan produk
  • uji efekfivitas produk
  • diseminasi dan implementasi produk

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PRA PENGEMBANGAN
  • riset awal,
  • analisis kebutuhan (need assesment), dan
  • studi literatur

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PENGEMBANGAN
  • perencanaan
  • pengembangan awal (pembuatan prototipe)
  • uji coba dan revisi produk

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PENGEMBANGAN
  • perencanaan
  • pengembangan awal
  • uji coba dan revisi produk
  • tujuan pengembangan produk
  • spesifikasi produk
  • indikator kepraktisan dan efektivitas
    keberjalanan

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PENGEMBANGAN
  • perencanaan
  • pengembangan awal
  • uji coba dan revisi produk
  • mendesain produk
  • melalui FGD (focus group discussion)
  • melalui teknik delphi
  • luaran diperolehnya produk yang siap diujicobakan

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PENGEMBANGAN
  • perencanaan
  • pengembangan awal
  • uji coba dan revisi produk
  • preliminary field testing (uji terbatas)
  • main field testing (uji skala luas)
  • operational field testing (uji kelayakan)

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UJI EFEKTIVITAS PRODUK
  • Kadang-kadang diperlukan uji efektivitas produk
    (yang kadang-kadang disebut validasi model)
    dengan menggunakan penelitian eksperimental, yang
    membandingkan kinerja produk yang telah
    dikembangkan dengan kinerja produk yang telah ada
  • Tahapan ini dipakai untuk meyakinkan orang bahwa
    produk yang telah dikembangkan terbukti lebih
    efektif daripada produk yang telah ada

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DISEMINASI DAN IMPLEMENTASI
  • publikasi hasil pengembangan produk dalam
    forum-forum ilmiah dan/atau melalui publikasi
    ilmiah
  • penawaran produk ke pengguna
  • harapan produk yang dikembangkan dapat dipakai
    dalam keadaan yang riil
  • pada penelitian yang dilakukan oleh dosen, tahap
    diseminasi dan implementasi ini seharusnya
    dilakukan
  • dilakukan monitoring pada situasi yang sebenarnya
    di lapangan dan melakukan penelitian pengembangan
    berikutnya untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk
    secara terus menerus

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