COMMUNIST TAKE POWER IN CHINA

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COMMUNIST TAKE POWER IN CHINA
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Nationalist Theme -
Three Principles of the People

• 1. an end to foreign control
• 2. peoples rights- democracy
• 3. peoples livelihood- economic security for all
  Chinese
• The Chinese peopledo not have national spirit.
  Therefore, even though we have 4 million people
  gathered together in one China, in reality, they
  are just a heap of sand. Sun Yixian

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Betrayal

• 1917 China declares war on Germany hoping for an
  Allied victory in WWI
• At end of WWI, German territories given to Japan
  not China
• 1917 Russian Revolution occurs
• Russia begins to help China establish itself as a
  unified country. (looking to establish allies in
  the area)
• A military school is established, and Chiang
  Kai-Shek emerges as a top military leader

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Meanwhile.An Unlikely Alliance is created

• In a hope for common action the Nationalists
  (Kuomintang) turn to the Communists.
• Both groups had common goals
• China freed from foreign control
• Strong and United China
• 1921 Mao Zedong
• Communist Theory emerges with Mao taking a
  leadership position

5
Death, a Sharp Right Turn

• in 25, Chiang Kai-Shek becomes the new leader.
  Of the Nationalist Party
• Beliefs
• Eliminate warlord control of China
• Remove foreign domination of China (Same as Mao)

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The Shanghai Massacre, 1927

• As Europe leaves, Chiang consolidates power.
• Distrust for Communist begins.
• Chiang felt Communists were trying to control
  China

34 warlords eliminated, and finally communists
are targeted
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Chiang Kai-Shek

• Had promised democracy and political rights to
  all Chinese
• Yet his government became steadily less
  democratic and more corrupt
• Peasants believed that Chiang was doing little to
  help them, so they begin to support communism and
  Mao

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The Nationalists Distracted

• Japan had watched the power struggle in China and
  decided to launch an invasion 1931
• This would force a temporary and uneasy truce
  between Mao and Chiangs forces to fight against
  Japan

Japan attacking
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Japan invades

• The Communists defeated the Nationalists in 1949,
  forcing Chiang's government to retreat to Taiwan,
  where Chiang ruled over the island.
• Chiang ruled the island securely as its President
  until his death in 1975.

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U.S. Anti-Communist feelings

• Chinese and Soviets sign Treaty of Friendship in
  1950

• U.S. viewed this as another step in Communist
  campaign to conquer the world

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China divided

• Taiwan Nationalist China
• -U.S. aided

• MainlandPeoples Republic of China
• -Soviet Union aided

PRC Peoples Republic of China ROC Republic of
China