Molecular ecology, quantitative genetic and genomics

1
Molecular ecology, quantitative genetic and
genomics

• Dave Coltman
• Melissa Gunn, Andrew Leviston, Katie Hartnup
  Jon Slate

2
Past, present future

• Characterized microsatellites previously
  developed at U of A and new ones developed at
  Sheffield (NERC 2003-2004)
• Genotyping and pedigree in progress (NERC
  Sheffield 2004-2005)
• Quantitative genetic analyses next (NERC
  Sheffield 2005-2006)
• Genomics (U of A 2005 ?)

3
Molecular ecology

• Microsatellites developed in Sheffield will/can
  be used for
• Parentage (vertical pedigree)
• paternity
• Kinship (horizontal pedigree)
• Full sib vs. half sib vs. unrelated
• Relatedness
• Pair-wise R network across population

4
Molecular ecology

• Mating system (Jeff)
• Levels of multiple paternity and polygyny
• Male mating success (Jeff)
• Relationship between phenotype and paternity
• Spatial relatedness structure (Jeff Mark)
• relationship to dispersal dynamics resource
  abundance

5
Quantitative genetics

• Estimation of (co)variance components
• Prediction of individual genetic values

6
The animal model
yi ? ai ci ?i
Fixed effects (e.g. age, year)
Additive genetic breeding value
Other specific environmental effect
Residual error
VP VA VE VR
h2 VA / VP
7
NERC Objectives

• 1. Heritability of trait means and plasticities

8
NERC Objectives (2)

• 2. Identify constraints/accelerants through
  multivariate models (genetic correlations and
  maternal effects)
• 3. Characterize selection, predict response and
  compare to observed data ebv
• 4. What happens under supplementation?

9
Other QG ideas?

• Other traits
• Heritability and ebvs for physiological,
  metabolic, behavioural parameters?
• Spatial QG structure
• Spatial autocorrelation in ebvs, relationship
  with resource landscape, temporal stability

10
Genomics

• QG basis means we can focus on heritable traits
  using ebvs
• Targeted gene approach
• Use bioinformatics to sequence specific genes
  search for association with ebv
• Sciurid genome map QTL scan
• map linkage groups fish for association with
  ebv
• Population genomics
• Map QTL genes onto broad scale environmental
  biogeographic gradients