Male Reproductive System

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Male Reproductive System

• Biology 2122

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Introduction

• 1. Primary sex organ (gonads) are the testes
• 2. Testes produce sperm via spermatogenesis
• Meiosis
• 3. Sex hormones (androgens)
• play vital roles in development and function of
  reproductive organs and sexual behavior
• Testosterone

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Reproductive Organs (sagittal view)
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Scrotum and Testes

• 1. Scrotum
• Function
• Structure
• Dartos and Cremaster muscles
• 2. Testes
• Function
• Structure
• Tuica vaginalis and albuginea
• Semineferous tubules
• Rete testes
• Epididymis
• Ductus Deferens

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Penis and Duct System

• 1. Penis Structure
• Perineum Glans Penis
• Prepuce
• Corpus spongiosum
• Corpora cavernosa
• Crura
• 2. Epididymis
• P.S. epithelium
• 20 days sperm
• 3. Ductus Deferens
• Ampulla Ejaculatory duct
• P.S. Epithelium
• 4. Urethra
• Prostatic membranous spongy

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Seminiferous Tubules

• 1. Function
• Produce Sperm
• Spermatogenesis
• 2. Structure
• Spermatogonia
• Interstitial Cells
• 3. Spermatogenesis
• Meiosis
• Spermatocytes to Spermatids
• Sperm
• Sustentacular Cells
• Sertoli cells

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Meiosis and Mitosis
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Mitosis and Meiosis
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Spermatogenesis - Animation
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Development of Sperm
Midpiece
Head
Flagella
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Prostate and Semen

• 1. Prostate
• Secretion
• Function
• 2. Semen
• Contents
• pH
• Function
• Prostaglandins
• Relaxins
• Amount

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Horomonal Regulation

• (1). Hypothalamus, anterior pituitary and testes
  (brain-testicular axis)
• (2). Four events that occur
• (1). Release of GnRH
• (2). GnRH stimulate release of FSH and LH
• (3). FSH and spermotogenesis
• Stimulates sertoli cells to release ABP
• (4). LH binding to interstitial cells
• Interstitial cell-stimulating hormone

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Hormonal Regulation

1. GnRH released
2. GnRH to pituitary cells
3. FSH and ABP
4. LH binding to interstitial cells
5. Testosterone levels rise
6. Testosterone enters the blood stream
7. Testosterone feedback
8. Inhibin

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Secondary Sex Characteristics

• (1). Induced in nonreproductive organs
  (testosterone)
• (2). Characteristics
• Pubic, facial and axillary hairs
• Larynx enlarges
• Skin thickens, oily
• Skeletal muscles (density size and mass)
• BMR increased (increases sex drive)