1
Unthinking Eurocentrism(left) Joaquin
Torres-Garcia (Uruguayan artist, 1874-1949), Map
of South America, 1943 (right) André Breton
(French Surrealist poet, 1896-1966), Surrealist
Map of the World, 1929.
In the Surrealist "Map of the World," 1929, the
Pacific Ocean is central, the United States does
not exist.  Mexico, Russia, Alaska, China, and
Labrador are large and important.
2
Voyages of Christopher Columbus, 1492, 1493, 1502
3
The Taíno The Caribbean before European Conquest
4
Taíno Duho, Dominican Republic, wood and manatee
bone, 45 x 62 in, Museum of Dominican Man, Santo
Domingo (right) detail of duho carving
5
Taíno (left center) Zemi, clay stone (right)
stone belt or yoke, C.E.1200 to 1500
6
Taíno reliquaries, hollow earthenware, C.E.1200
to 1500
7
Taíno, ritual objects monkey-effigy ax, stone
(left) and rattle, incised clay (right), C.E.1200
to 1500
8
Latin America was the main destination of the
millions of people enslaved and taken out of
Africa between 1500 and 1850. The U.S. received
about 523,000 enslaved immigrants. Cuba alone
got more. Spanish America absorbed around 1.5
million and Brazil at least 3.5 million. Their
descendants form about half of the population in
the Caribbean and Brazil the two historic
centers of sugar production.
9
Taíno, Zemi, (left back view), Dominican
Republic, after 1515 CE, wood, cotton, shell, and
glass, 32 H, National Ethnographic Museum, Rome.
Combines Taino, European, and African materials,
a syncretic spiritual object made for a high
ranking cacique
10
Raphael, The School of Athens (Philosophy), 1511,
from the fresco suite made for the Popes Vatican
Library, Vatican City, Rome, Italy
11
El Escorial, palace-monastery of Philip II of
Spain, mid-16th Century, this vast complex was
the center of the Counter-Reformation in Europe
funded by the enormous wealth drawn from Latin
America. The Reformation began in 1517 by a
monk, Martin Luther, as a reaction to the
systemic corruption of the Catholic Church,
especially the sale of indulgences. The defeat
of the Spanish Armada by the English (Elizabeth
I) occurred in the summer of 1588 during the
reign of Phillip II.
12
El Escorial, designed by Juan Bautista de Toledo,
Spanish architect and sculptor who had studied
under Michelangelo in Rome before he returned to
Spain to serve Philip II
13
Moche cultureNorthwest Peru, c.100- 800 CE
14
Moche, detail of a stirrup spout portrait vessel,
unknown artist, painted and slipped earthenware,
11 ½ in H, c. A.D. 110-600. From Moche
Portraits Masterpieces from Ancient Peru by
Christopher Donnan (assigned RReading available
on website)
15
(right) Moche, Male Effigy Vessel, unidentified
artist, painted earthenware, 9 7/16 in H, A.D.
100-600compare (left) self-portrait mug by Paul
Gauguin, c. 1889
16
(left) Peruvian, Moche culture, Man with a Flower
Headdress, painted earthenware, 10 1/4 height,
c. 100-600 CE(right) Stirrup Head Vessel,
painted earthenware 12 height, 100-600 CE
17
Moche, Male Effigy Vessel (stirrup missing),
unidentified artist, painted earthenware4 in H,
A.C. 100-600
18
Moche, Portrait of an individual wearing a bird
headdress, ceramic, c. 550 CE
19
Moche, Portrait of Bigote (mustache), ceramic, c.
450 CE(right) Bigote as a prisoner, ceramic c.
450 CE
20
Moche, Portrait of Cut Lip L-R) at 10 years of
age early 20s and mid-30s, ceramic, c. 500 CE.
21
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vSUp6m6Qk9t4
Sipan, Peru, tombs of the Moche Lord of Sipan
discovered in the 1980s
22
(top) A wall hanging from the seventh or eighth
century, made of cotton and macaw feathers. It
was created by the Wari, a people of Perus
southern highlands, c.6ft across(below left) A
pair of ear ornaments from the 15th or 16th
century. Inca.