New College English Book One

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New College English Book One
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Unit EightSocial Problems
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Unit 8 Social Problems

• Part I Preparation
• Brainstorming
• Describing the Pictures
• Part II Listening Centered Activities
• Part III In- Class Reading
• Passage Study
• Exercises
• Part IV Further Development
• C lass Activities1 Preventing Shoplifting
• A Documentary Sweet Sue

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Part One

• Preparation
• Brainstorming
• Describing the Pictures
• Possible ways to stop littering

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1. Brainstorming (1)

• Activity 1 Directions Work in groups quickly
  to collect as many words as possible and list
  them on paper related to social problems
• CRIMES
• robbery, rape, theft, bicycle-stealing,
  shoplifting, murder, smuggling, drug taking and
  trafficking, corruption, bribing, juvenile
  delinquency (????), drunken driving, fake
  products, trafficking (??)of children and women,
  prostitution, gambling, domestic violence etc.

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Brainstorming (2)

• SOCIAL PROBLEMS
• overpopulation, bad working condition,
  illiteracy, racial discrimination, high divorce
  rate, teen-pregnancy, gambling, inflation, food
  shortage, child abuse, pollution, traffic jams,
  extinction of animal species, unemployment,
  homelessness, clean water supply, transportation,
  poverty, generation gap, beggars (children and
  adults), widening gap between rich and the poor,
  etc.

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Brainstorming (3)

•   Activity 2 Group Discussion
• a. What sort of social problems exist in China?
• b. What sort of social problems do you
  associate with foreign countries?
• c. What are the causes of social problems?

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Brainstorming (4)

• Social problems in China and possible causes
• Student A The problem of old age.
• Student B Overpopulation.
• Student C Impact on traditional moral standards.
  
• Student D Public security.

• 10 of the population are over the age of 60.
  That may lead to serious consequences.

• With the ever-increasing burden of the
  population, the country may suffer from shortages
  of food, energy and deterioration of the
  environment.

• Material wealth is value by many as the bottom
  line. Hence a degradation in ethics. People are
  more self-centered. Even college students have
  bad manners. For example, in dining halls
  students do not wait in lines. On buses the youth
  don't give their seats to the old.

• With the development of economy, there has been a
  flow of population from less wealthy regions to
  the more prosperous areas. As a result, high
  crime rate is a problem that we are all concerned
  about.

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Brainstorming (5)

• Social problems associated with foreign countries
  (esp. in the West) and their possible causes
  dangers
• Student A Drug abuse.
• Student B Racial discrimination.
• Student C Unemployment.
• Student D Single-parent families.

• With it are other problems such as crime,
  prostitution and the spread of AIDS. The fast
  pace of life and the stress for it may be one of
  the causes.

• Due to racial discrimination and deeply rooted
  prejudice against minority groups, there is still
  inequality among races. This may also lead to the
  instability of a nation, racial conflicts, and
  even wars.

• High technology does create new jobs. But on the
  other hand, it has made many manual workers
  obsolete. In times of economic recession, the
  problem of unemployment gets even worse.

• It has been reported that in the U.S., about one
  marriage in two ends in divorce. And many teenage
  girls give birth to babies before they get
  married. Children from single-parent families are
  more likely to be ill-treated, to take drugs, and
  commit crimes.

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Crimes ??

• 1. killing murder?? manslaughter ??
  massacre ?? homicide ??? assassination ??
• 2. theft ?? robbery?? looting?? pickpocket ??
  burglary???? fraud ?? cutpurse ??? ????
  stealing?? swindle?? shop lifting?? ?????
• 3. misdeed???? offense?? misconduct?? ??
  misdemeanor ??,violation ?? wrong ???

Words Related to Law Crime
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Causes of Crime ????

• 1. economic unemployment??, poverty??, greed ??
  jobless??, lack ??, desire??, lay-off????,
  failure??, hunger??, idleness????, scarcity??,
  lust??, irrational social distribution ??????
• 2. psychological envy??,resentfulness??,mistrust?
  ??,jealousy??,suspicion??,revenge??,
  possessive-ness???,insecurity???,childhood
  experience????
• 3. others overcome a political / business
  obstacle ?? ??/????, competition??, opposition
  ??, rivalry??, ??, low quality of education?????,
  low moral standard ????

Words Related to Law Crime
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Legal Actions ????

• 1. sue ??,??? prosecute ?? take to court
  ??,??? file suit ??,??? claim damages ????
  charge ?? accuse ??,??
• 2. try ??,?? judge ??,?? examine??, hear??,??
  find guilty (innocent) of ????(??)sentenc
  e ??, ??, ?? convict ??
• 3. imprison ?? put in prison ?? lockup
  ?? deprive of liberty ???? jail ?? home
  arrest ? ? reform ??

Words Related to Law Crime
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Measures Taken ?????

• legal education ????
• police patrol ????
• watching-eye-neighborhood ????
• reinforcement of police ????
• emergency system ????
• security devices ????

Words Related to Law Crime
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Note

• Many social problems exist both in China and
  foreign countries. There are various causes of
  different social problems. The following are just
  a few of the possible examples
• Poverty, unemployment, etc? theft, robbery,
  murder, beggars, etc.
• High divorce rate, etc. ?juvenile delinquency,
  etc.
• Lack of communication ?mental problems of various
  kinds, generation gap, etc.
• Pollution, littering? worsening environment

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2. Describing the pictures
Picture A

• Last night Mr Lester/
• middle-aged widower/
• Birmingham street.
• He/brief case/umbrella.
• There/nobody else/twomen.
• They/side-street.
• One/big/black,curly hair
• The other/thin/bald head

Sample Picture ALast night, Mr. Lester, a
middle-aged widower, was walking along a dark
Birmingham street. He was carrying a briefcase in
one hand and an umbrella in the other. There was
nobody else in the street except two men. They
were standing in the dark side-street. One of
them was very big with curly hair, and the other
was thin with a bald head.
A Mugging
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They/few seconds/and/walk/slowly/silently/Mr
Lester.The big man/holdbehind.The thin
one/try/steal/Mr Lester/briefcase.
Picture B
They waited for a few seconds and then walked
slowly and silently towards Mr. Lester. The big
man held Mr. Lester from behind and the thin one
tried to snatch Mr. Lesters briefcase.
A Mugging
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Suddenly Mr Lester/big one/shoulder.He/collide
with/thin one.They/land/pavement.Mr
Lester/strike/umbrella/and/walk /quickly away.
Picture C

• Suddenly, Mr. Lester threw the big one over his
  shoulder. He collided with the thin one and they
  both landed on the pavement. Without speaking,
  Mr. Lester stuck both of them on the head with
  his umbrella, and walked calmly away.

A Mugging
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The two astonishedmen/sit/ground.Mr
Lester/cross/road/towards/door /painted
sign.Mr Lester/stop/turn/laugh/walkinto/Central
Birmingham KarateClub.
Picture D
The two astonished men were still sitting on the
ground when Mr. Lester crossed the road towards a
door with a painted sigh above it. Mr. Lester
stopped, turned round, laughed at the two men and
walked into the Central Birmingham Karate Club.
A Mugging
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3. Possible ways to stop littering--Raising
peoples awareness of public health---putting
more garbage cans along the streets, in parks,
and in other public places---calling on the
people to bring plastic bags with them for
rubbish.
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Part Two

• Listening Centered Activities
• Listening 1
• Listening 2
• Listening 3

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LISTENING-CENTERED ACTIVITIES

• The Least Successful Bank Robber
• Not wishing to attract attention to himself,
  a bank robber in 1969 in Portland, Oregon, wrote
  all his instructions on a piece of paper rather
  than shout.This is a hold up and Ive got a
  gun. he wrote and then held the paper up for the
  cashier to read.This puzzled bank official
  waited while he wrote out, Put all the money in
  a bag.The message was pushed through the
  grille. The cashier read it and then wrote on the
  bottom, I dont have a paper bag, and passed it
  back. The robber fled.

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Exercises

• 1.  He didnt want to attract attention to
  himself./He didt want the others to notice him.
• 2.  He wroteThis is a hold up and Ive got a
  gun.
• 3.  He wantwd the cashier to put all the money in
  a paper bag.
• 4.  Because he didnt want the others to see the
  money inside.
• 5. The cashier wroteI dont have a paper bag.
• 6.  He fled. 

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Listening II

• The Least Alert Burglar
• A Parisian criminal broke into a house the
  village of Lachelle in 1964.Once inside he began
  to feel decidedly hungry and so went in search of
  the refrigerator. There he found his favorite
  cheese which would have been a shame not to try.
  He then found some Bath Oliver biscuits and
  three bottles of champagne. After a while he
  began to feel sleepy and decided that he would
  lie down and digest his meal in comfort. He was
  arrested the next morning fast asleep upstairs in
  the spare bedroom.  

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Exercise

• 1.  He broke into a house.
• 2.  He felt hungry.
• 3.  His favorite cheese.
• 4.  He ate cheese, biscuits and drank
  champagne.
• 5.  He was fast asleep. 

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Listening III

• The Worst Bank Robbers
• In August 1975 three men were on their way to
  rob the Royal Bank of Scotland at Rothesay, when
  they got stuck in the revolving doors. They had
  to be helped free by the staff and , after
  thanking everyone, sheepishly left the building.
  A few minutes later they returned and announced
  their intention of robbing the bank, but none of
  the staff believed them. When, at first, they
  demanded 5,000,the head cashier laughed at them,
  convinced that it was a practical joke.
  Considerably disheartened by this, the gang
  leader reduced his demand first to 500 then to 50
  and ultimately to 50 pence. By this stage the
  cashier could barely control herself for
  laughter. Then one of the men jumped over the
  counter and fell awkwardly on the floor,
  clutching at his ankle. The other two made their
  getaway, but got trapped in the revolving doors
  for a second time, desperately pushing the wrong
  way. 

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Exercist1

• 1.  Three.2. They got stuck in the revolving
  doors.3. The bank staff.4. They wanted to rob
  the bank.5.  5,000.6. They didn'tt believe it.
  They thought it was a practical joke.7. 50
  pence.8.  He jumped over the counter.9. They
  got trapped in the revolving doors for a second
  time.10. They were foolish, inexperienced. 

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Exercise 2

• 1) Sample Some effective ways to prevent bank
  robberies --having strong guards/doorkeepers
  --having alarm systems installed --having
  bullet-proof doors and windows --having video
  cameras installed --having the police phone
  number on hand.

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2)Sample

• Measures taken to prevent ones houses from
  being burgled or robbed
• --having the police phone number on hand
• --not planting trees or hedges near/round the
  house
• --making the doors secure by installing
  double-safety locks which require a key on both
  sides
• --having a large dog at home
• --installing an alarm system
• --leaving a radio or TV on even when you are
  not at home.

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Exercise3

• Possible solutions--installing some video
  cameras in the department store
• --hiring some store detective(s)
• --setting up a counter for small stuff
• --imposing heavy fines for shoplifters
• --not allowing shoppers to bring their bags
  in. 

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Part Three

• In-Class Reading A Passage Study
• Language Points
• Sentences
• Translations

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Words and phrases

• 1.  expense (L.2) n. ??,??travelling expenses??
  /selling expenses????/living expenses???/public
  expense??/household expense????
• ???,????,??????????????????,????,???????at
  the expense of???/??????at sb.s
  expense???/????????????spare no
  expense?????? go to the expense of
  ????????

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Words and phrases

• They spared no expense to make the party a
  success.
• ??????????????
• It is reported that the city government completed
  the program _______.
• A. costly B. at great expense
• C. expensively D. very dearly
• ??B. ????????????????????

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Words and phrases

• 2. in the long run (L.10) ?????
• eg. In the long run, he is the only hope we have.
• ?????,?????????? (??)in the short run?????
• 3. enable (L.11) v.???,?????enable sb. to do
  sth.?????enable sth.???????
• ??Electronic computers would _____ people who do
  not share a common language to talk to each other
  without any difficulty. A. make B. let C. have D.
  enable
• ???????????????????????????

D. enable
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4.  after all (L.14) ??,??

• Dont be so disappointed, after all, we have made
  some progress.
• ????,????????????
• after all????,????,????After all his efforts,
  he failed again this time.
• ??????,??????????
• ??I wont invite him. ___, I dont really know
  him. A. At all B. After all C. For
  all D. In all
• ??B. In all ???

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5.  assistance (L.15) ??,??

• ??as(??)sist(stand/sit) ant(???)anc
  ????????? ??
• eg. give assistance to sb.
• He came to my assistance.
• ?? assistance help aidassistance
  ????????????????????? ?,??????help
  ????,???assistance, aid aid ????,????,???
• ??The nurse ______ the doctor in the operation
  room. A. insisted B. assisted C. resisted D.
  persisted
• ????A.?? C. ?? D. ????

B. assisted
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6. range fromto(L.19)

• ???? ????????????in?
• ?The bags range in price from 5 to20 yuan.
• ??? The prices of the bag range from 5
  to 20.
• ???????5??20????

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7.  interview (L.25)

• n.v. ??,??,??,??e.g. job interview???? give an
  interview to sb. ???? have an interview with
  sb.????
• Many universities interview their applicants.
• ??????????????????
• (??)interviewee n.????,???? interviewer
  n.???,???,??

• ???? interview
• view? preview ?? ??
• review ?? ??

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8.  on ones own ( L.26)??,???(???/??)

• eg. Can you finish on your own?????????He likes
  to be on his own.?????????
• 9.   confident (L.28)
• adj. certain, assured???,???confident of /that
  ??,??
• self-confident adj. ???
  He feels confident of victory.???????Confide
  nt in????/??
• ??Jimmy was very popular with those who could
  vote, and he was __________ that he could win the
  election.

confident
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Cope with(L.28)??,??,?????????

• Hell cope with (doing) all the
  work.?????????????
• 11.Look (upon) on sb.as(L.32) ??,??,???think
  sb. as/regard sb. as?We look upon /on him as
  a leader.?????????
• ?????look onlook on????,????Two men were
  fighting while people just looked on.
• ??????,??????????

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12.Work out (L.48)

• 1)  ??,??,??Ill work out our schedule.?????????
  ??
• 2)  ?? He worked out a good method.??????????
• 3)  ??,???,?(?)????????????
• See if you can work this puzzle out.
• 4)  ??,??,??,??,??I cant work out the meaning
  of this poem.???????????
• 5)(???)????????????????
• Everything has worked out according to plan.

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13.   advisable (L.50)

• adj. wise, sensible???,???,???
• eg. Do you think it advisable to ask her for
  help?
• ???????????
• ?????????????
• The teacher thinks it advisable that John should
  join the army.
• advisable(???)???that???,?????????(should????)

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14.   concern (L.50)

• 1. n.v. care,worry anxiety ??,??,??
• This is a nurses concern for a sick man.
• ?????????????
• There is no cause for concern, he is very
  healthy.
• ??????,?????
• ?????????
• I feel no concern about/for the matter.
• 2.n. v. matter,interest(??)??
• I have no concern with/in the matter.
• ?????????
• ???????????
• Dont trouble about things that dont concern
  you. ?

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Concern

• (??)concerned adj.???????, ???, ???
  ???????,???concernedly adv.???concerning
  prep. (about) ??,??be concerned with
  sth.??,??,???
• I wont be concerned with the matter any more.
• ?????????.as/so far asbe concerned???
• ??As far as your family is ______, you wont
  have to worry about them.
• A. regarded B. related C. concerned D.
  connected
• ???????,?????????

C. concerned
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15.   in case of (L.53)

• ?????,(?????),????In case of emergency, you can
  ask him for help.
• ?????,??????????
• in case conjadv.??,??????I keep an umbrella
  here in case of rain.
• ????????????
• ??????,??119???
• In case of fire, call 119 for help.  

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Sentences

• 1.   Mothers have been leaving the traditional
  role of full time homemaker.(L.4-5)
• ?????????????????????
• have been leaving ????????,???? have/has
  beendoing ??,?????????????
• ??????have been leaving???????? have
  left,????????????????????

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Sentences

• 2.   The emotional impact, on the other hand, can
  be more subtle.(L7-8)
• ????, (?????)????,???????
• on the other hand????,????,??? on (the)one hand
  (???)??,????????
• e.g.He is an able man, but on the other hand he
  demands too much of other people.
• ???????? ,?????,???????????
• (??)????,On the other hand ???????????????

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Sentences

• 3. (Para.5) Some latchkey children said that
  being on their own for a few hours each day
  fostered, or stimulated, a sense d independence
  and responsibility.
• ???????????????????????????????????????
• ??(1) ???????that??????????????
  (2)????????,????being on their own for few
  hours???,?????????each day,???fostered or
  stimulated,???a sense of indepen-dence and
  responsibility.

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Sentences

• 4. (Para.5) Latchkey girls, by observing how
  their mothers coped with the demands of a family
  and a job, learned the role model of a working
  mother.
• ?? ???????????????????????????????,????????????
• ????????????????latchkey girls ?????learned
  ?????????????  

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Translation

• 1.  Because of an emergency, the doctor will not
  be available for several hours.
• 2.  How will taxes affect people with low
  incomes?
• 3.  My mother always told me that in the long run
  I would be glad I didnt give up practicing the
  piano.
• 4. The books range in price from 10 to 20.

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Translation (2)

• 5.  It seems to me that you dont have much
  choice.
• 6.  Given their inexperience, they have done
  quite a good job.
• 7.  For such a big house the price is fairly
  cheap, but youve got to take into consideration
  the money you will spend on repairs.
• 8. Can we begin by discussing questions arising
  from the last meeting?

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Part Four

• Further Development
• Class Activities
• Prevent Shoplifting

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Preventing Shoplifting

• Introduction
• Various types of social problems like
  unemployment and poverty lead to many types of
  thefts and robberies. Shoplifting is one example.
  Many stores and supermarkets have been
  strengthening their security force. Shop
  detectives in plain clothes are working hard
  while mixing up with customers. But shoplifting
  still occurs now and then.       

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Preventing Shoplifting

• One day a manager of a small but busy department
  store comes to you for help. He is losing a lot
  of money because of shoplifting. He suspects that
  some students from a nearby middle school are
  stealing merchandise from his store..
• Now suppose I were the miserable shop manager.
  Would you work together for about 3 minutes and
  offer me some inexpensive and creative solutions.

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Manager

• There is a middle school at the other side of
  the street and many of our customers are students
  from that school. Everyday from 4 to 5 p.m., the
  store is filled with students buying snacks and
  drinks. But we are losing a lot of money because
  of shoplifting. And we suspect that some students
  are among them.

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Suggested Solutions

• Student A I think you should install more
  surveillance cameras in the store.
• Student B May I ask what are the things that
  you lose most.
• Student C If you impose severe punishment,
  there will be fewer cases of shoplifting.
• Student D Maybe you can employ more security
  guards.

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More Suggested Solutions

• Student E You've mentioned that the students
  usually come to your shop after school. Why don't
  you have more security guards during this time of
  the day?
• Student F Maybe you can ask some of the students
  to watch other students. You don't need to pay
  too much for that.
• Student G You may tell the school teachers about
  your situation. They should teach their students
  to be honest.