I. Greek Roots of Democracy

1
I. Greek Roots of Democracy

• Unit 2
• 10.1.1

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Rise of Greek City-States
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http//mbscientific.com/mediawiki/mediawiki-1.11.1
/images/Greece500BC.gif
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Governing City-states
http//www.theodora.com/wfb/photos/greece/acropoli
s_athens_greece_ert.jpg
http//www1.curriculum.edu.au/ddunits/units/ls1fq2
acts.htm
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• Polis
• Acropolis- temples to gods
• Walled city

http//photography.nationalgeographic.com/staticfi
les/NGS/Shared/StaticFiles/Photography/Images/POD/
a/acropolis-athens-greece-711916-sw.jpg
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• 750-500 B.C.
• Power shift monarchy to noble landowners

http//greece.mrdonn.org/argos.html
http//www.europabarbarorum.com/i/units/koinon-hel
lenon/kh_hippeis_xystophoroi.gif
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Changes in Warfare

• Increase middle class power
• Iron weapons

http//www.amren.com/ar/2007/07/11a--GreekSoldiers
.jpg
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Phalanx

• Formation
• Requires practice--- sense of unity
• Reduce class differences
• Sparta (discipline) v. Athens (individual
  political rights)

http//images.absoluteastronomy.com/images/encyclo
pediaimages/g/gr/greek_phalanx.jpg
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http//ccsdweb.com/jjaconet/wp-content/uploads/200
8/09/this-is-sparta-map.JPG
http//www.utexas.edu/courses/introtogreece/lect10
/emapSparta9907210001.jpg
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Sparta Nation of Soldiers

• Military state
• 2 Kings Council of Elders
• Assembly approve major decisions
• Citizen male, native, over 30

http//cd7.e2bn.net/e2bn/leas/c99/schools/cd7/webs
ite/images/greek-spartan-warriors-1.jpg
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http//z.about.com/d/atheism/1/0/w/L/AthensMap-l.j
pg
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Athens A Limited Democracy

• Democracy
• Monarcharistocracy---democracy
• Discontent w/ aristocracy spreads----move to
  democracy

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Solon, 594 B.C.

• Outlaw slavery
• Open offices to citizens
• Gave assembly more say
• Discontent led to tyranny

http//z.about.com/d/ancienthistory/1/0/2/S/2/Solo
n_th.jpg
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Pisistratus, 546 B.C.

• Took pwr
• Gave farmers poor more pwr
• Weakened aristocracy

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http//www.mainlesson.com/books/tappan/greek/zpage
070.gif
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Cleisthenes, 507 B.C.

• Greater citizen role
• Council of 500 chosen by lot
• Made the assembly a real legislature (lawmaking
  body)

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http//www.eurekastreet.com.au/Uploads/Image/0706/
11massola1.jpg
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http//darkwing.uoregon.edu/klio/maps/gr/constitu
tions/Periclean20System.jpg
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B. The Persian Wars
http//media.moddb.com/images/downloads/1/11/10632
/modlogo.jpg
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Persia Asia Minor-India
http//www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00map
links/early/darius/dariusmap490.jpg
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Persia threatens Greece
http//www.worldhistory.timemaps.com/images/500BC/
PersianEmpire.jpg
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490 B.C. Persians land _at_ Marathon
http//members.ozemail.com.au/ancientpersia/image
s/perwars.gif

• Persia forced to retreat

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490 B.C. Persians land _at_ Marathon
Persia forced to retreat
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http//www.cais-soas.com/CAIS/Images2/Maps/Greek_d
omain_during_the_Perian_Wars.png
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500 B.C.

• Larger Persian army lands
• Sparta Athens join to defend defeat Persia

http//www.tqnyc.org/2005/NYC051950//miritgreece_w
ars_files/persian20war.jpg
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501 B.C.

• Greeks defeat Persians on Asia Minor
• End of Persian threat

http//media.photobucket.com/image/persian20wars/
IanTheCool/170492_2.png
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Athens in Age of Pericles460-429 B.C.
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.jpg
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http//www.ecusd7.org/ehs/ehsstaff/jparkin/Academi
cs/Ancient_World_History/Flowering_of_Civilization
s/4-Rise_of_Ancient_Greece/4-War_Glory__Decline/i
mg029.gif
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Political Life

• Direct democracy
• Believed all males should be involved in govt
• Pays public office
• Serve on juries

http//static.squidoo.com/resize/squidoo_images/25
0/draft_lens1295586module1779875photo_pericles2.jp
g
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Funeral Oration

• Athenian pwr rests not of a minority but of the
  whole people
• Rights duties of individual
• Expression of democratic ideals

http//www.life.com/image/50704068
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3. Economic Cultural Life

• Rebuilt Acropolis
• Creates jobs
• Reminds that gods favored Athenians

http//z.about.com/d/atheism/1/0/_/L/AthAcropResto
red-l.jpg
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4. Peloponnesian War

• Athens v. Sparta
• 27 yr fight
• 404 B.C. Sparta captures Athens
• End of democracy

https//clengwell.wikispaces.com/file/view/spartan
bottle.jpg
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Greek Philosophers
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http//cd7.e2bn.net/e2bn/leas/c99/schools/cd7/webs
ite/images/greek-philosophers-1.jpg
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Moral Ethical Principles

• Idea of goodness
• Est standards of human behavior
• Athens
• ?? Accepted ideas
• Success imp

http//www.idivamemphis.com/wp-content/uploads/200
8/04/tanorexic2.jpg
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Socrates Citizenship

• What is the greatest good?
• Socratic method
• ?? challenge, examine ans threatened
  Athenian tradition

http//www.petemandik.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/
socrates.jpg
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• _at_ 70 put on trial
• Corrupt youth
• Fail to respect gods
• Condemned to death

http//www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/his/CoreArt/art/r
esourcesb/dav_soc.jpg
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Plato Reason

• Reason, not the experience of the senses, leads
  to genuine knowledge
• By rational thought, people can discover
  unchanging ethical principles, recognize their
  perfect beauty learn how to org society

http//madnessofart.com/wp-content/uploads/plato.j
pg
Distrust democ b/c killed Socrates
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• state should regulate all aspect of lives
• Ideal society divided into 3 classes workers,
  soldiers, philosophers
• Ideal society divided based on a process of
  examination

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Plato, The Republic

• At first, in the early days of his power, the
  tyrant is full of smiles . . . but later he is
  always stirring up some war or other, in order
  that the people may require a leader.

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Aristotle Rule of Law

• Govt by many
• Suspicious of Democracy
• Pro- constitutional govt by middle class- polity

http//masteroftheuniverse.files.wordpress.com/200
8/12/aristotle3.jpg
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• City-state best natural form
• Rulers must be subject to the law
• golden mean moderate course btwn extremes
• Reason is guiding force
• Est Lyceum (study of all knowledge)

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Aristotle, Politics

• Regarding a tyrant
• . . . is just that arbitrary power of an
  individual which is responsible to no one, and
  governs all . . . with a view to its own
  advantage, not to that of its subjects, and
  therefore against their will.

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Alexander Hellenistic Age
http//dor.huji.ac.il/Images/Alexander.jpg
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Conquest of Persia

• Alexander 20yrs w/ throne, sets to conquer Persia
• 334-327 B.C. Mediterranean Sea- Middle
  East-Central Asia- India

http//teacherportfolio.indstate.edu/jnorris/alexa
nder_the_great_webquest.htm
Alexander the Great
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http//www.forumancientcoins.com/Articles/Maps/ima
ges/Empires20Persia20and20Alexander.jpg
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Legacy of Alexander

• Alexander dies, empire crumbles
• Blends eastern western cultures
• Citizens rule cities, governors manage, king
  ultimate control

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Stoicism

• Avoid desires disappointment by accept what
  life brought
• Preach moral standards (dignity equality) while
  unequal in society, morally equal b/c pwr of
  reason

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• Rome emerges
• 133 B.C. conquests in Asia Minor replaces
  Greece in Mediterranean
• Greek Impact
• Law, freedom, justice, govt

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