??????? ??????? ???????(ENS307)

1
??????? ??????? ???????(ENS307)

• ???????? ???????
• ??? ???? ????????
• ??? ???? ????????

2
?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????
??????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??
????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????
?? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ??
???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????
?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ... ??? ???? ???? ???
??? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ??????
??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??
???? ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ????
????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????
????? . ????? ??? ?? 24???? ??? ???? ?????
??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? .
??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????
????????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????
???????????? Micrometer ????? ?? ?????? µm ???
????? 1000/1 ?? ????????? ??????????? ???? nm
??? ????? 1000/1 ?? ??????????? ????? ????????
?????? ????? ?????? ??????? Ocular micrometer
?????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ????????
???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????
?????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??????
Dialister pnemosintes ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??
0.15 -0.2 µm ????????? ????? Enterobacteriaceae
?????? ????? ?? 0.3 -1.5 µm ????? ?????? ?????
??? Spirillum volutans ????? 1.5 ?????? 10µm ???
?? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ???
????????? ??? ???????? ??? 80 µm .
3
????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???
??? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????
????????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?????
????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??
????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????
????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????
??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????
???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????????
??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????.
????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??
????? ???? ???? 6???? ??????? 111 ?? ????? ????
????? ????? 6(11) 6??2 ????? ????? ????? ???
????? ??
??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? 1000???? ?????? ???? ??
??? 0.1 ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ???????
??????? 6(0.10.1)100060 ??2 ???????
????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????
????? ?? ????? . ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????
????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??
?????? E. coli ????? 50000??? ??????? 400 ?????
??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? 0.24 ?? ?? ??????
?? ?????? ????????? ???? 200.000 ??? ?? ???
??????? .
4
?? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????
??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ???? ??? ?? ????
??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????
?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????
??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? 1000
10.000 ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????
??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???
????? 1000 ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? 250.000
???? ? ?? ????? 28???. ????? ??? ??????? ?????
??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??
???????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ???
???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????
??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????
??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? .
?????????? ????????? Bacterial colony ??? ???
???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????
???? ????? ( ???????) ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????
?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??
??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????
???????? ??? ????? ???? ????? Surface colony ????
???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? Subsurface
or Deep colony ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????????
??????? .
5
??? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??
?????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??
???? ?? ??? ?? ?????????? ????????? ????? ???????
????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????
?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????????
??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?????
?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????
???? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ????
???????? ????? ?????? ????? .
???? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???
?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????????
?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???
Micrococcus ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??
??????? ?????? ??????? .

• ????? ??????
• ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ( ???????? ) Swimming
  by flagella .
• ???? ????????? Gliding .
• ???? ?????? ?? ???????? Spiral or Rotary

6
?? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????
??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ???? ??? ?? ????
??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????
?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????
??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? 1000
10.000 ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????
??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???
????? 1000 ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? 250.000
???? ? ?? ????? 28???. ????? ??? ??????? ?????
??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??
???????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ???
???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????
??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????
??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? .
?????????? ????????? Bacterial colony ??? ???
???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????
???? ????? ( ???????) ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????
?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??
??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????
???????? ??? ????? ???? ????? Surface colony ????
???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? Subsurface
or Deep colony ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????????
??????? .
7
???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????
???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????
(???????? ) Flagella ??????? Flagellum ?????
???????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????????
????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????????
???? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????
?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????
. ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???
????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ????
???????? ?????? ????? 0.02 0.05 ?????????
?????? ????? 6-9 ????????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????
????????? ??? 90 ????????? . ????? ????????
???????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????
????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????
???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???
??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? . ??????
????????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????????
?????????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???????. ?????
????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??
??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ??
?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? .
8
????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??
?????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???
??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????
???? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???
????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????
9
????? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????
???? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????
???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????
?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????
????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ??? 200?m
/????? .
10
?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????
???????? gliding ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?????
????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????
????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????
? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????
??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? . ??????
????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? Cyanobacteria,
Myxobacteria
?????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????
?? ????? ???? Spirochaetes (?????? ????? ???????)
?????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????
?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????
?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????
????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????
???????? ?? ????? ?????? .
11
Thank You