Objectives for Goal 2: Expansion and Reform

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Objectives for Goal 2Expansion and Reform

• 2.01 Analyze the effects of territorial
  expansion and the admission of new states to the
  Union 1801 to 1850
• 2.02 Describe how the growth of nationalism and
  sectionalism were reflected in art, literature,
  and language
• 2.03 Distinguish between the economic and social
  issues that led to sectionalism and nationalism
• 2.04 Assess political events, issues, and
  personalities that contributed to sectionalism
  and nationalism
• 2.05 Identify major reform movements and
  evaluate their effectiveness
• 2.06 Evaluate the role of religion in the debate
  over slavery and other social movement issues.

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What is Nationalism?

• After the War of 1812, the memories of the
  American Revolution faded, including memories of
  what it had been like to be 13 individual
  colonies.
• Americans began thinking of themselves as one
  United country of states.

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Websters 1828 Dictionary

• His book contained 70,000 words, of which 12,000
  had never appeared in a published dictionary
  before. As a spelling reformer, Webster believed
  that British spelling rules were unnecessarily
  complex, so his dictionary introduced American
  English spellings, replacing "colour" with
  "color", substituting "wagon" for "waggon", and
  printing "center" instead of "centre". He also
  added new American words.
• What was the greatest impact this publication had
  on America?

4
Examples of Nationalism

• Pres. James Monroe Era of Good Feelings
  (1818-1824)
• Henry Clays American System
• Monroe Doctrine

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Monroe Doctrine

• as a principle in which the rights and
  interests of the United States are involved, that
  the American continents, by the free and
  independent condition which they have assumed and
  maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as
  subjects for future colonization by any European
  powers. Pres. James Monroe
• What does this mean?

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How did the following issues create
sectionalism in the United States?

• Re-chartering of the National Bank
• Tariffs
• Settlers moving West
• Industrial Revolution
• Slavery

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How did the following issues create
sectionalism in the United States?

• Re-chartering of the National Bank
• Created by ________________ in 1790 to help the
  nation be responsible with its finances
• The banks charter expired in 1811 and state run
  banks begin popping up all over the U.S.
• In 1816, the bank was re-chartered with corrupt
  and irresponsible management.
• ________ of 1819 resulted in hatred between the
  _______ and ________ .

8
How did the following issues create
sectionalism in the United States?

• Tariffs
• As tariffs during the War of 1812 ________,
  Congress voted to keep them at those levels.
• Tariffs benefited most Americans in 2 ways
• ______________________
• ______________________
• This eventually created sectionalism between the
  _____________ and the _________________.

9
How did the following issues create
sectionalism in the United States?

• Settlers moving West
• We will keep out nobody. Arrivals will suffer no
  disadvantages as aliens. But they can expect no
  advantages either. John Quincy Adams
• 1820 Congress decreased cost of buying land in
  the West
• The West supported this move, but the North and
  East disliked this because _______________________
  _____________.

10
How did the following issues create
sectionalism in the United States?

• Industrial Revolution
• __ out of 10 Americans were farmers up until
  the War of 1812.
• War stopped trade of manufactured good from
  Europe, therefore there was a boom in products
  Made in the USA.
• Inventions! Inventions!
• Interchangeable parts
• Erie Canal
• Steam power
• Sewing machine
• Morse code

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Erie Canal
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How did the following issues create
sectionalism in the United States?

• Slavery
• How did these inventions increase slavery?
• Cotton Gin
• Sugar cultivation
• Steel plow
• In 1800, an average slave cost 50, by 1850, the
  cost was more than _______.
• In 1800, there were 900,000 slaves, by 1860,
  there were nearly ____________.
• How did the ________ and the ________ each view
  slavery?

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Justifying Slavery

• Slaves were encouraged to be devout Christians,
  but the Christian message they received from
  planters and ministers was to be docile and
  submissive. It was Gods will that they spent
  their lives as slaves and sermons capitalized on
  such themes as obeying the master.
• What religious movement changed this later?
• _________________________________________

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Primary Source Slave Codes

• Virginia "If any slave resists his
  master...correcting such a slave, and shall
  happen to be killed in such correction...the
  master shall be free of all punishment...as if
  such accident never happened."
• South Carolina .... Every slave hereafter out
  of his master's plantation, without a ticket, or
  leave in writing, from his master...shall be
  whipped...."
• Louisiana - "The slave who, having struck his
  master, his mistress, or the husband of his
  mistress, or their children, shall have produced
  a bruise, or the shedding of blood in the face,
  shall suffer capital punishment."

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What was the Missouri Compromise?

• 1819 Missouri petitioned for statehood.
• America now had ____ free states and ____ slave
  states.
• The compromise settled the issue in 2 ways
• ________________________
• ________________________

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Exit Ticket Question

• Write North, South or West on your index card in
  response to each question below
• Which region favored the National Bank of the US?
• Which region became too dependent on only one
  product for trade?
• Which region opposed tariffs?
• Which region was happy that Congress lowered the
  price of land per acre?
• Which region primarily based its economy and
  factories and manufacturing?

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1. Define nationalism
2. In addition to a good economy, what is one other
   factor that usually helps countries feel united
   and nationalistic?
3. In addition to re-chartering the National Bank,
   what did Henry Clay want to fund with federal
   money for his American System?
4. The Monroe Doctrine warned who to stay out of
   the Americas.
5. The Panic of 1819 created sectionalism between
   which two regions of the country?
6. What was one way Tariffs benefited some
   Americans?
7. What state benefited most from the building of
   the Erie Canal?
8. What invention by Eli Whitney helped to make
   slavery a prosperous industry?
9. Slavery created sectionalism between which two
   regions?
10. Name the 2 components of the Missouri
    Compromise that tried to settle the issue of
    slavery in the United States.

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Bell Ringer

• Write your name on the index card
• Number from 1 10 (leave some space for short
  answer questions)
• On the back of the card, write the following
• Education will give me the power to.
• Take out your notes from yesterday and WAIT for
  further instructions!

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Objectives for Goal 2Expansion and Reform

• 2.01 Analyze the effects of territorial
  expansion and the admission of new states to the
  Union 1801 to 1850
• 2.02 Describe how the growth of nationalism and
  sectionalism were reflected in art, literature,
  and language
• 2.03 Distinguish between the economic and social
  issues that led to sectionalism and nationalism
• 2.04 Assess political events, issues, and
  personalities that contributed to sectionalism
  and nationalism
• 2.05 Identify major reform movements and
  evaluate their effectiveness
• 2.06 Evaluate the role of religion in the debate
  over slavery and other social movement issues.

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Manifest Destiny

• What was the moral justification behind Manifest
  Destiny?
• How did Americans attitude about Manifest
  Destiny affect Native Americans?

22
____________ River School Art
What would be some results of Americans viewing
this new type of art? (also see page 113)
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Art and Literature During Expansion Period

• Transcendentalism
• A new way to look at humanity and nature and God.
• They believed people could go beyond, or
  ____________, their senses to learn about the
  world.
• Believing should listen to their __________
  instead of religious teachings to learn about the
  world.

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Art and Literature During Expansion Period

• Transcendentalism
• ____________________ was the leading
  Transcendentalist of his time.
• Henry David Thoreau wrote his famous work
  ___________________ after being jailed for not
  paying taxes to support war, which later affected
  Civil Rights leaders in the 1960s.
• people must be true to his or her own
  conscience, even if it means breaking the law.

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Winning Texas

• Mexico wins its independence from ______ in 1821.
• Who was Stephen F. Austin?
• Who were Texians?

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Winning Texas

• Who was Santa Anna and what did he do in 1835?
• What happened at the Alamo?

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Winning Texas

• What happened at the Battle of San Jacinto?
• Why did it take so long for Texas to join the
  United States?

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Cornell Notes Jacksons Bank War

• 1819 What happened in McCullough vs. Maryland?
• 1832 What starts Jacksons Bank War? What was
  The Monster?
• 1833 What were pet banks?
• 1837 What happens to the Second National Bank
  and the pet banks?

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James Polk 1844 Campaign

• Secured the Oregon Territory (54 40 or Fight!)
• Purchased half a million square miles of land in
  Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (end of
  Mexican-American War)
• Founded the Smithsonian Institute (increase and
  diffusion of knowledge about American)
• Based on Polks actions as President, what could
  a summary of this Presidency be?

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Manifest Destiny!

• 1819 From who did we get Florida Territory?
• 1820-1840 What state were Indians removed to in
  forced marches?
• 1846-1848 Why did the Mexican War start?
• 1848 What two major states were given the United
  States after the Mexican War in what is known as
  Mexican Cession?
• 1853 What was the result of the Gadsden
  Purchase?
• 1845 What was the last slave state to be
  admitted to the Union?