Two Nations Live on the Edge

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Two Nations Live on the Edge
2
Nuclear Arms Race Heats Up

• Soviets explode an atomic bomb
• U.S. wants something more powerful the hydrogen
  bomb
• Atomic bomb splits atoms
• Hydrogen bomb fuses atoms

3
Brinkmanship

• U.S. will use threats of massive retaliation
• We are willing to go to the brink of war
• Secretary of State John Dulles Foster under
  Eisenhower
• Staunch anti-Communist
• Escalated the sense of fear within the United
  States

4
CIA

• Recently formed
• Carried out secret operations to overthrow
  unfriendly governments

5
Iran

• In 1951 the Iranian Prime Minister nationalized
  their oil industry
• U.S. uses the CIA to topple the government and
  establish a friendlier Western government

6
Geneva Summit

• Eisenhower met with new Soviet leaders
• Summit did not accomplish much (but it did not do
  any harm)

7
Alliance Systems

• NATO
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• United States, Canada and Western Europe
• Military Alliance
• Warsaw Pact
• Soviet Union, Eastern Europe (Satellite nations)
• Military Alliance

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Crisis in the Middle East

• Nasser vs. the U.S.
• U.S. and Great Britain promise to build the Aswan
  Dam on the Nile River
• Nasser becomes friendly with the Soviets

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Crisis in the Middle East

• U.S. and Great Britain withdraw offer to fund the
  Aswan Dam
• Nasser seized the
• Suez Canal and sinks
• his own ships in the
• Canal to render it
• useless

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Crisis in the Middle East

• France, Great Britain and Israel invade Egypt
• Soviets threaten Great Britain with missiles
• U.S. reminds Soviets of Brinkmanship
• UN declares cease fire
• Canal reopened under Egyptian control

12
Soviet Aggression in Hungary

• Hungary tried to shake Communist rule
• Soviet tanks invade Hungary and fire on 30,000
  protestors
• U.S. protests the invasion
• Sends food and medicine

13
Eisenhower Doctrine

• Promise to send aid to help defend any Middle
  Eastern country against Communism
• Requires monitoring and getting involved in with
  Middle Eastern affairs

14
Sputnik

• 1957
• First man made satellite launched by the Soviets
• Shocked and surprised the United States
• Result more emphasis on math and science in
  schools (National Education Defense Act)

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U-2 Spy Planes

• Spy planes that flew high above the Soviet Union
  that monitored Soviet actions
• Eisenhower was ready to discontinue the program,
  but sends out one last mission
• U-2 plane shot down in Soviet airspace
• Escalates the tensions of the Cold War