Emission Factor Development in Thailand

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Emission Factor Development in Thailand

• Panya Warapetcharayut
• Director of Automotive Air Pollution Section
• Air Quality and Noise Management Bureau
• Pollution Control Department,
• Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
• Bangkok,Thailand

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Background and Problems

• Number of Motor vehicles
• Transportation System
• - traffic condition
• - congestion
• - traffic volume
• Automotive air pollution problems

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Vehicle Registered in BKK (2003)
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Pollution sources portion in Bangkok(PCD,1997)
Sources NOx SOx CO PM HC
Point 17.0 95.8 1.4 9.8 0.0
Area 2.6 0.1 23.2 36.3 0.0
Mobile 80.4 4.2 75.4 53.9 100
Total 100 100 100 100 100
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Automotive Emission Factor (PCD,1997)
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Emission Load from Mobile Source (1997)
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Objectives

• Generate locality fleet data in Bangkok
• Develop an air emission database by using MOBILE
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• Evaluate the mobile source emission inventory
  data

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Scope of the study

• Study area is covered Bangkok
• Focus on mobile sources
• Pollutants concerned
• PM,NOx,CO,SOx and HC
• prepare computerized database

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Air Quality management
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Methods and Materials

• Selection of vehicles
• HD 20 vehicles
• LDD 20 vehicles
• LDG 20 vehicles
• MC 20 vehicles
• Dynamometer testing PCDs Laboratory
• Driving Cycle Bangkok Driving Cycle

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Examples of BKK Driving Cycle
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HDs Driving Cycle
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LDs Driving Cycle
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PCDs Emission Laboratory
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Modified MOBILE 6 for Bangkok

• Vehicle Type
• Vehicle use assumption
• Ambient temperature
• Fuel parameters
• I/M Program parameters

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MOBILE6 Input

• 1.Tampering rates
• 2.VKT mixes
• 3.Annual mileage accumulation rates
• 4.Registration distribution by vehicle type
• and age
• 5.Basic emission rates
• 6.I/M program
• 7.Anti-tampering programs

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MOBILE6 Out put

• The database output will provides
• grams/kilometer output by hour,
• pollutants,
• emission type,
• vehicle class,
• vehicle age,
• facility type.

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QA/QC of MOBILE 6

• Compare emission with overall emissions
  inventory
• Compare emission with per capita emissions
• Compare emission with VKT
• Compare emission with fleet data and fuel
  consumption statistics
• Remote sensing surveys of exhaust emission
• Use of ambient sampling data

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Expected Results

• support environmental policy
• monitor the environmental policy
• analyze trends in the emission data
• provide the official emission data
• disseminate emission data to public

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Thank you very much