MODERN GENETICS

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MODERN GENETICS DNA
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• If you unraveled all your chromosomes from all of
  your cells and laid out the DNA end to end, the
  strands would stretch from the Earth to the Moon
  about 6,000 times.

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DNA nucleotides
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base
Pentose sugar
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Nucleotide
Polynucleotide chain
Sugar phosphate backbone
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4 different bases
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• two groups of bases
• Purines- ADENINE (A) and GUANINE (G)
• Pyrimidines- THYMINE (T) and CYTOSINE (C)

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• -- Only 2 combinations of base pairs can form the
  rungs of the DNA molecule.
• Adenine - Thymine (A-T)
• AND
• Guanine Cytosine (G-C)
• --This specific matching up of the nitrogenous
  bases is called complementary base pairing.

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• Okay show the resulting base pairings below!
• ATGCCTACGTTAGATTACAACCTAAGCAAT
• TACGGATGCAATCTAATGTTGGATTCGTTA
• Did you find the hidden word?! ?

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• DNA- TACGCATACGATTC
• DNA-
• mRNA-
• tRNA-
• AA-
• DNA? mRNA?tRNA? Amino Acid? Protein

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In 1996 Wilmut et al used a similar method to
clone the first mammal, Dolly. Since then many
different species of mammal have been cloned, and
their is serious debate about the cloning of
humans.