Protists and Cell Organelles

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Protists and Cell Organelles
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Domain Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya
Kingdom Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
Cell Types Prokaryotic Prokaryotic Eukaryote
Cell Structures Cell Wall with Carbohydrate Cell Wall with Lipids Cell walls of cellulose in some some have chloroplasts
Number of Cells Unicellular Unicellular Most unicellular, some multicellular
Obtain Energy by Heterotrophic or Autotrphic Heterotrophic or Autotrphic Heterotrophic or Autotrophic
Examples E. Coli Extremophiles Amoeba, Paramecium, slime molds, kelp
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Kingdom Protista
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PROTISTS FACTS

• Eukaryotic (have a nucleus)
• Most Unicellular
• Three types of Protists
• Animal-like
• Plant-like
• Fungus-like

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Protist examples
Amoeba
Paramecium
Spirogyra
Euglena
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• ANIMAL-LIKE PROTISTS
• (Protozoans)
• classified by method of movement

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• PLANT-LIKE PROTISTS
• (Algae)
• classified by color)

Golden Diatoms Green Euglenoids Brown
Kelp Blue Algae
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Disease Causing Protists
Trypanosoma (Zooflagellate)- carried by the
tsetse fly causing African sleeping sickness
which affects the Central Nervous System.
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Disease Causing Protists
Red Tide (dinoflagellate) - reproduce rapidly and
cause toxins that can paralyze humans and
animals. Live in shellfish (crab, oysters).
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Disease Causing Protists
Plasmodium (sporozoan) - causes malaria, effects
liver and red blood cells, carried my mosquitos.
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SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS
Parasitism - occurs when one organism derives its
nourishment while causing injury to its host.
Example Fleas on a dog.
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Cell Basics
Certain structures are common to most eukaryotic
cells
cell membrane - outer boundary of the cell
nucleus - control center
cytoplasm - material between the cell membrane
and the nucleus
cell wall some cells have this strong layer
around the cell membrane
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Nucleus
Manager Design Team

• Contains genetic material
• Directs the making of proteins
• Manages cell activities

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Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm - material between the cell membrane
and the nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Ribosomes
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Organelles in the Cytoplasm
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ChloroplastsIn Plant Cells and Energy Producing
Protists
Into Fuel
Makes Fuel

• Chloroplasts use the energy from sunlight to make
  energy-rich food molecules in a process known as
  photosynthesis.

SUGAR
Food/Energy
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Mitochondria
ATP
ATP
Power Generator
ATP
Mitochondria

• Function Changes food energy into high-energy
  compounds called ATP a cell can use
• The cell can use the energy to power growth,
  development, and movement.

ATP
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Lysosomes
Garbage Collectors

• Filled with enzymes that aid in the disposal of
  the cells wastes
• Break down and digest materials

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Vacuoles
Storage Tanks

• Most plant cells have a large central vacuole
  filled with liquid.
• Vacuoles are saclike structures that store
  materials such as water, salts, proteins, and
  carbohydrates.

• Animal cells lack a large central vacuole but may
  contain smaller vacuoles.

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Cell Membrane
Gate Keeper

• Allows what enters and leaves the cell
• Aids in protection support
• Maintains balance

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Homeostasis
The Cell Membrane Keeping Internal Conditions in
Balance

• The cell membrane functions as a semi-permeable
  barrier - like a fence.

• This means it allows some molecules in and out
  while preventing others from crossing.