IV Therapy

1
IV Therapy

• Purposes
• Restore or maintain F E
• Administer meds
• Provide nutrition
• Transfusion
• Route for blood samples

2
Components of IV Orders

• Type of Solution
• Additives
• Rate and volume
• Duration
• Method

3
Types of Solutions

• Isotonic
• Expand intravascular volume
• 0.9 Saline
• D5W
• Lactated ringers

4
Types of Solutions

• Hypertonic
• Draw fluid from cells
• D5 in 0.45 Saline
• D5 in NS
• D5 LR
• 3 NaCl
• D10W

• Hypotonic
• Shift fluid into cells
• 0.33 Saline
• 0.45 Saline
• 2.5 Dextrose

5
Equipment

• Containers
• Glass bottles
• Plastic bags

• Administration Sets
• Drop factor
• Macro drips
• Microdrips
• Y ports
• Buretrols
• In line filters
• Timing strips
• Electronic Infusion Devices

6
Monitoring Therapy

• Flow Rate
• Influences
• Viscosity
• Height of container
• Cannula position
• Position of extremity
• Frequency
• Solution

7
Sites

• Peripheral
• arms
• legs
• Central
• subclavian
• internal jugular
• uses

8
Figure 48.13b
9
Figure 48.13a
10
Figure 48.14
11
Figure 48.14b
12
Monitoring Therapy

• Site care
• dressings
• site change
• Tubing and bag changes
• Prevent complications

13
Documentation

• Site location and condition
• Solution and additives
• Flow rate
• Pump use
• Tubing and solution change
• Site care
• Discontinuation

14
Local Complication- Hematoma

• Hematoma
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention

15
Local Complication-Infiltration

• Infiltration
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention

16
Local Complication-Phlebitis

• Phlebitis
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention

17
Local Complication-Site Infection

• Site infection
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention

18
Local complication-Tissue Sloughing

• Tissue Sloughing
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention

19
Local Complications

• Clotting
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention

20
Systemic Complications

• Catheter Embolism
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention
• Air embolism
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention

• Circulatory Overload
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention
• Systemic Infection
• S S
• Interventions
• Prevention