Rosids I

1
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vtrWzDlRvv1M But
first, a review Nepenthes, a pitcher plant in
the Caryophillid group
2
Rosids I

• Crassulaceae
• Grossulariaceae
• Onagraceae
• Euphorbiaceae

3
Rosids in general

• Somewhat weakly supported
• Hypanthium in a lot of groups
• 18 orders
• 114 families
• 58,000 species
• Over 1/3 of all dicots
• Mostly apopetalous separate petals
• Diverse group
• Two major clades

4
Rosids I

• Very popular group in CO
• Economically important, many fruits
• We will study 14 families in this group
• Today, only four
• Crassulaceae
• Grossulariaceae
• Onagraceae
• Euphorbiaceae

5
Crassulaceae

• Stone crop family
• Most are SMALL SUCCULENTS
• Regular, bisexual flowers
• 1 or 2 times as many stamen as pistils
• 3 or more simple pistils
• 4 or 5 sepals
• Sedum is a common species in Colorado
• Family where Crassulacean Acid Metabolism was
  first described
• http//www.crassulaceae.com/

6
CAM

• Special metabolic pathway that helps plants live
  in hot, arid habitats
• Stomata open during the night to let in CO2
• The CO2 is fixed into an acid
• That acid then releases C into the Krebs cycle
  during the day when light is present
• Stomata are closed during the day

7
CAM at night
8
CAM during the day
9
Sedum lanceolatum - Stonecrop
10
Clementsia rhodantha Queens Crown
11
Sedum rosea or Rhodiola integrifolia Kings
crown
12
Grossulariaceae

• Gooseberry family
• Includes currants
• Mostly shrubs with palmate leaves
• Shiny berries with attached sepals
• Regular bisexual flowers, but small (1/4 in)
• Five united sepals
• Five separate petals
• Five stamen
• Inferior or superior ovary
• Only ONE genus!!! Ribes arguably Grossularia
• Ecologically important

13
Ribes cereum wax currant
14
Ribes cereum in fruit
15
Ribes lacustre Prickly currant
16
Onagraceae

• Evening primrose family
• FOUR-LOBED STIGMA
• Four petals
• Four sepals
• Four (or 8) stamen
• FOUR syncarpous (fused) carpels
• INFERIOR OVARY
• Capsule, berry, or drupe
• Called evening primrose because they generally
  open in the evening / late afternoon

17
Onagraceae
18
Onagraceae distribution
19
Onagraceae Four lobed stigma
20
Onagraceae Note the hypanthium
21
Onagraceae in cross-section
22
Oenothera caespitosa
23
Oenothera caespitosa
24
Onagraceae

• Fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium)
• Abundant after fires
• Adapted to fire via underground rhizomes that
  sprout up after fire
• Lightweight seeds and many of them
• After a certain time, other species come up and
  outcompete it via light interception
• Worldwide
• Low resistance to human trampeling

25
Chamerion angustifolium
26
Chamerion angustifolium
27
Euphorbiaceae

• Euphorb family
• Spurge family
• MILKY SAP
• Many are succulent
• Can lack sepals
• Can lack petals
• Carpels 1-20
• Superior ovary
• Fruit is a schizocarpic capsule

28
Euphorbiaceae

• Convergent evolution
• Many euphorbs occupy the same niches in Africa
  that many of our cacti do
• Euphorbia is the only genus of plants known to
  have all three metabolic pathways C3, C4, and
  CAM

29
Euphorbiaceae
30
Euphorbiaceae - Distribution
31
Euphorbiaceae - Succulent
32
Euphorbiaceae milky sap
33
Euphorbiaceae - flowers
34
Euphorbiaceae - Cyanthium
35
Poinsettia
36
Cassava or manioc is in this family
37
Roots of Manihot esculentahttp//www.youtube.com/
watch?vQtvhs0O2oJE