Chief Information Officers (CIO)

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Chief Information Officers (CIO)

• Ravi Raina

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Module 4

• E-Government , Systems Architecture,
• E-GIF , E-Services and related subjects
• 
  

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Objectives of Module 4

• To enhance the knowledge of the CIOs on the
  basic concepts, techniques and tools for
  E-Government development and deployment including
  E-GIF, E-Services and BPR in the context of the
  E-Government Programme of the Government of Iraq

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Scope

• E-Government Public Sector Management Concepts
  
• E-Government Development and Deployment
• E-Services
• E-Government Systems Architecture
• E-Government Interoperability Framework
• Business Process Mapping and Re-engineering

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• Public Sector Management and
• E-Governance

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Management Concepts

• Planning ( Goal setting etc)
• Resource Allocation
• Decision Making
• Monitoring and Control
• Nature of Management Process
• Strategic -------- Policies and
  Strategies
• Tactical -------- Operational Plans
• Operations --------- Services and Products

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Organizational Structure and Management Processes

• Organizational
• Structure

Top Management Strategic Management
Middle Managers Tactical Management
Staff Operational Management
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Information Vs Decision Making
Management Level Volume of Information required Aggregation Required Frequency Currency
Top Management Low High Low Low
Middle Management Medium Medium Medium Medium
Operational Management High Low High High
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Management Performance Vs Information
Availability

• Management
• Performance
• 
  INFORMATION AVAILABILITY

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Public Sector Management Process



Public Service Delivery
Strategic Business Processes
Operational Business Processes
Management Information System
Decision Support System
Content Management System
Applications
Content / Doc. Repositories / Data warehouses
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Traditional Bureaucratic Government Structure
Pyramidal TOP to Down
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Organizational Structure

• Enterprise Start Up
• Flat Organizations
• Flexi-project type
• Bureaucratic Pyramidal
• Matrix

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Organizational Culture

• Personality of an Organization
• Value System
• Communication and participation
• Degree of Flexibility
• Attitude
• Ethics and Norms

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Traditional Government Agency Structure
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Traditional Government Structure Characteristic

• TOP DOWN
• NO or LIMITED LATERAL CONNECTIVITY
• LIMITED COLLABORATION
• INFORMATION FLOW PREDOMINANTLY VERTICLE
• CUSTOMER HAS NO PLACE WHY?
• RULES BOUND
• CULTURE AUTHORITARIAN

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Traditional Government Mandate

• ENACTING IMPLEMENTING LAWS
• TAX COLLECTION
• SECURITY
• LAW AND ORDER MAINTENANCE
• NATIONAL DEFENCE

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Traditional Government Information Flow
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Present Day Government Mandate

• ENACTING IMPLEMENTING LAWS
• TAX COLLECTION
• SECURITY
• LAW AND ORDER MAINTENANCE
• NATIONAL DEFENCE
• Poverty Eradication
• Social Development
• Enhancing balanced Economic Development
• Promote Transparency Accountability and Democracy
• Better Service to public, efficient and cost
  effective

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Customer Centric Vs Production Centric

• A concept taken from commercial world
• Production centric suitable in shortage infested
  environment
• Market Orientation
• Customer is the boss in customer centric
• so start from there.

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E-Government Concepts and Tools
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E-Government What it is not

• It is not Computerizing the Existing
  Government Processes.
• It is not digitizing the files and documents of
  the Government.
• E-Government Technology
• E-Government Government
• ( Change management and Transformation
  )

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Optimal application of technology for Governance
Optimality Being just right. Taking the system to
the point of optimality at which the outcomes are
maximized per unit of input

• Governance
• Establishment of ideal government that is
• Inclusive
• Integrated
• Citizen Centric

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Governance System Optimization
Target Goal

Points of Optimality
0 1 2 3
TECH 2
TECH 1
A
OUTPUTS
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
INPUTS
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• Processes and Systems
• People
• Technology
• Structure

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• PEOPLE WITHIN THE GOVERNMENT

Attitudes
Work Culture and Practices
SKILLS
Law Enforcement Agent
Knowledge workers
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PEOPLE WITHIN THE SOCIETY
Attitudes
SKILLS
Participation information sharing
Life Style Change
Disconnected Isolated Communities
Interconnected knowledge Society
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Transformation in Government

• From Bureaucratic
• From Fragmented
• From authoritarian
• From closed
• Intuition / guess work

Citizen Centric
Integrated
Service Oriented Participatory Democratic
Transparent
Informed decision making
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• Manual Operation
• Manual Data storage

Automated
Electronic Media for data storage
Use of computers and other data manipulation
devices for information management and wide use
of electronic voice and data communication
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• Developed Countries
• Canada
• Ireland
• Singapore
• South Korea
• UK
• Australia
• USA
• Denmark
• New Zealand (Indicative List)

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Where is E-Gov. being Adopted

• Developing Countries ( Middle Income
  Countries)
• Malaysia
• Botswana
• Egypt
• India
• Thailand
• Maldives
• Brazil
• Georgia
• Vietnam ( Indicative List)

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Where is E-Gov. being Adopted

• Developing Countries
• Ethiopia
• Afghanistan
• Iraq
• Rwanda
• East Timor
• Bangladesh
• Laos PDR
• Bhutan
• Nepal
• Sri Lanka
• Mozambique ( Indicative List)

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Where is E-Gov. being Adopted

• Developing Countries ( in our neighborhood)
• Azerbaijan
• Afghanistan
• Uzbekistan
• Tajikistan
• UAE
• Iran
• Bahrain

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(No Transcript)
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Traditional Vs E Government
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Traditional Vs E Government

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Global Imperatives for E-Government

• To be part of the emerging global
• knowledge based economy and society.
• Make international e-commerce possible.
• Interaction with the developing e-
• governments worldwide.
• Accelerate social and Economic
• development through globalization
• .

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Framework for Development Deployment

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E-Services

• Government to Government G2G
• Government to Business G2B
• Government to Citizen G2C

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• Automated Government Processes
• Electronic Exchange of documents and EDMS/
  CONTENT management./ Knowledge Management
• Collaboration chatting and emailing and video
  and voice conferencing.
• B-Process and work flow integration
• Information sharing and integration-EII
• Electronic information searching across the
  enterprise.
• Government Payroll and Personnel Management
  online
• Government HRM and Development including
  Training.
• Government Financial Management
• Government Strategic Planning and Operational
  Decision .MIS and DSS.

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• Improved Public Health Administration
• Better monitoring and management of public
  health
• through an integrated national Health
  Information
• System.
• Better control of and monitoring of epidemics
  and
• spread of disease (HIV, Malaria, Swine
  Flue)
• Public Health Information dissemination quickly
  and fast
• training of Health Workers on line
• Telemedicine and e-health service through
  linking of
• lower level health centers with higher
  level referral
• Hospitals.
• Better Health Centre and Hospital Management

One of the priority areas-National Dev Plan of
Iraq 2010-1014
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• Gov. Information available on line at the
  government web sites
• Government Forms available on line for easy
  downloading
• Registration of birth and death on line
• Land records management and information
• Drivers Licensing application on line
• Business Registration and trade licensing on
  line
• Application for Customs clearance on line.
• Application for Passport on line
• Application admission to government education
  institutions on line
• Information broadcasting electronically and
  disaster management.
• Electronic government payments
• Citizen grievance registration and follow up
• Delivery of critical information to specialized
  citizen groups
• Delivery of extension and training services

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• Automated Financial management and Accounting
  Systems.
• Automated Auditing Systems
• E-Procurement
• E-Recruitment.
• E-Inventory and materials management.
• Automated HR and Payroll system
• Citizen and Business E-Services

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• Delivery of formal and information education on
  line
• Delivery of life long learning through career
  courses online
• Delivery of Basic Education to remote areas
  though virtual schools.
• Public Education and National HR management based
  on sound skill and education and HR information.
• Better management of public schools and
  educational institutions.

Education of the priority areas-National Dev
Plan of Iraq 2010-1014
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• Provision of soil information
• Provision of agronomy and agriculture extension
  services
• Provision of animal husbandry services
• Provision of weather information
• Provision of Agriculture market information.
• Provision of agriculture pricing information.
• Provision of sub-soil water resource
  information.
• Rural Credit Management
• Development of Rural Enterprise information

Agriculture one of the priority areas-National
Dev Plan of Iraq 2010-1014
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• Land Information management system
• Land use mapping and planning
• Forest Information data base and information
  system
• Water and other Natural resource information
  systems
• Dissemination of environment information.
• Environment modeling and research support.
• Monitoring emissions and air pollutants

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E-Government Developments and Systems
Architecture-Iraq
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Iraq- E-Government Vision

• Iraq harnesses ICT tools to improve basic
  services to all and to promote all-round good
  governance, including increased public
  participation, better social equity and justice
  as well as a general enhancement of the
  transparency and effectiveness of public
  institutions in order to build the necessary
  platform for a competitive, robust and
  knowledge-based economy. 

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E-Government Strategic Goals

• Goal 1 Strengthen the interaction between
  citizens and the state to enhance participation
  of civil society in public affairs and promote
  social inclusion.
• Goal 2 Disseminate and promote the new
  e-Governance services within the provinces so
  that all citizens have access to them on an equal
  opportunity standing.
• Goal 3 Increase the capabilities and
  responsiveness of public institutions through the
  use of ICTs to achieve better governance and to
  enhance efficiency, transparency and
  accountability

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E-Government Strategic Goals

• Goal 4 Contribute to the development of a
  favorable environment for sound economic growth
• Goal 5 Foster the development of a knowledge
  based society and bridging the digital divide

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Iraq Government Priorities

• Achieve Security and stability
• Reconstruction
• Rehabilitation
• Establish rule of law
• Establish Governance Structure Systems
• Social and Economic Development ( Education,
  Health, Agriculture)- (National Development Plan
  2010-2014)

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Strategic Focus-E-Government Iraq

• Awareness raising and Communication
• Human Capacity and Resources
• Government Interoperability, Standards and
  Applications
• Organizational and cultural change
• Regulatory framework
• Telecommunications infrastructure
• Financial Resource Management
• Monitoring, Evaluation and Assessments
• Connecting services and citizen
• Data and information systems

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Strategic Focus-E-Government Iraq
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E-Government -Sectoral Focus

• e-Health,
• e-Education,
• e-Municipal works and Local Government
• e-Personnel citizens

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• N- Tier ( Multi Layer)
• Web Based ( Internet )
• Service Oriented ( SOA)

Enterprise Application Integration Enterprise
Information Integration Maximum Service
Orientation
Optimized E-SERVICES
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High Level E-Government Systems Architecture
FULFILMENT Back end
applications and Data bases

INTEGRATION
FRAMEWORK other E Govt. Systems

Customer Interface
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E-Government Architecture
Model
Agency-1
Agency-2
Information
Agency-6
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Project Management at the Provincial Level-
Systems Architecture
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Systems Architecture- E-Procurement
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E-Government Interoperability Framework (e GIF)
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Iraq e-GIF Definition

• e-Governance interoperability, in its broad
  sense, is the ability of constituencies to work
  together. At a technical level, it is the ability
  of two or more government information and
  communications technology (ICT) systems or
  components to exchange information and to use the
  information that has been exchanged to improve
  governance.

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Scope of e-GIF

• Framework
• Policies and guidelines
• Technical Standards
• Implementation and management guidelines
• How is it different from National Standards and
  National Government Standards?

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E-GIF ARCHITECTURE
E-GIF
e-GIF Policies Guidelines
e-GIF Technical Standards
e-GIF Implementation Management Compliance
Government Meta Data Standard
Controlled Subject Vocabulary English, Dari
Pashtu
Information Security
Business and Application
Access and Presentation
Network Standards
Web Services Appl. Integrations
Data Exchange
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Applicability of e-GIF

• Federal Government Ministries and Departments
• The office of the President and all its
  Departments .
• All provincial Government Ministries and all
  their subordinate offices and departments.
• All offices of the Provincial Governors and its
  subordinate offices
• All government operated autonomous institutions.
• All local government entities and organs
• All privately owned businesses and private
  entities that act as subcontractors for the
  government must follow e-GIF in their upside
  links with the government owned systems.

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E-GIF Major Policies

• Adoption of Open and Free standards
• Reduction of Risk
• Durability
• Flexibility and interoperability
• Better Vendor Support
• Lower Costs and Better ROI
• International Standards
• Internet and world wide web
• Extensible Markup Language (XML)
• Content and Document Management
• Delivery Channels
• Users with disabilities
• Information Security
• Maximize Participation

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E-GIF Implementation Framework
E-Government Ministerial Committee
Interagency E-Government Working Groups
National E-Government Advisory Group
Ministry of Science and Technology
Change Management and Reorganization Group
Controlled Vocabulary
Government Content Management Metadata Group
Government Metadata
Government Hardware Network Standards Group
Government Data Exchange Standards Group
Government Web Service Standards Group
Government Information Security Group
Accessibility and Presentation Standards Group
Government Business Application Standards Group
e-Business, eLearning, e-Government
Geospatial Data, Health, e-news
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e-GIF-High Level Management Process
Drafting Revision Control
Redrafting
Publish for Consultation
Review
Acceptance
Formal Change Control
Release for Use
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E-GIF Compliance

• What is e-GIF Compliance
• Test for Compliance
• Timetable to achieve compliance.
• E-GIF Compliance Certification
• Authorized entities for compliance certification

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Business Process Mapping and Re-engineering
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Business Process Concepts

Business Processes Activities and Actions
INPUTS
OUTPUTS
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Business Process Mapping

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Business Process Mapping

• Four Major Steps of Process Mapping
• Process identification .
• Information gathering
• Interviewing and mapping
• Analysis

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BPR Vs Process Improvement
Process Improvement (TQM) versus Process Innovation (BPR) Process Improvement (TQM) versus Process Innovation (BPR) Process Improvement (TQM) versus Process Innovation (BPR)
Description Improvement Innovation
Level of Change Incremental Radical
Starting Point Existing Processes Clean Slate
Frequency of Change One time / Continuous One Time
Time Required Short Long
Participation Bottom Up Top Down
Typical Scope Narrow ( Within functions) Broad ( Cross Functional)
Risk Moderate High
Primary Enabler Statistical Control Information Technology
Type of Change Cultural Cultural/ Structural
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Approach Methodology for BPR

Develop the Business Vision and Process Objectives BPR is driven by a business vision which implies specific business objectives such as Cost Reduction, Time Reduction, Output Quality / improvement,/Learning/Empowerment.
Identify the Processes to be Redesigned Most firms use the High- Impact approach which focuses on the most important processes or those that conflict most with the business vision. Lesser number of firms use the Exhaustive approach that attempts to identify all the processes within an organization and then prioritize them in order of redesign urgency.
Understand and Measure the Existing Processes For avoiding the repeating of old mistakes and for providing a baseline for future improvements
Identify IT Levers Awareness of IT capabilities can and should influence process design
Design and Build a Prototype of the New Process The actual design should not be viewed as the end of the BPR process. Rather, it should be viewed as a prototype, with successive iterations. The metaphor of prototype aligns the BPR approach with quick delivery of results, and the involvement and satisfaction of customers.
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BPR Methodology
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New Technologies

• To enhance effectiveness and efficiency of
  E-Government
• Mobile Technologies
• Cloud Computing
• Convergence of Technologies-
• Shared Delivery Platform