ALCOHOL

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ALCOHOL

• Unit 3
• Miss Martini

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Alcohol Today

• Nations 1 Drug Problem ( depressant)
• 100 million adults (60-70 of total population
  use)
• Used more than any other drug
• 10 million adult alcoholics
• 3 million teenage alcoholics/ problem drinkers

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Alcohol Today

• ½ of all crime
• 75 of violent crimes
• Alcohol is negatively linked with violence, rape,
  suicide, breaking the law, academic apathy,
  accidental death, injuries, irresponsible
  decisions, STI/ STDs, job loss, divorce, and
  serious illness.
• Alcohol related diseases lead to 12,000 deaths/
  year
• 1 Cirrhosis
• (linked with long term excessive alcohol use)

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Motor Vehicle Deaths

• 1982
• 25,000 (57 of deaths)
• 1993
• 17,400 (44)
• 2000
• 16,068 (38)
• 2002
• 17,419 (41)
• 2003
• 17,401 (40)

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Classes of Drinkers (3 classes)

• Social
• Moderate, safe amounts consumed by adult (21 yrs
  or older)
• Ex/ occasionally has a beer with dinner
• Problem
• Self or others at risk
• Person starts to build up a tolerance, may
  experience blackouts
• Ex/ drinks until they vomit, drives when
  drinking, doesnt remember what happened the
  night they consumed alcohol
• Alcoholic
• dependent

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Responsible (over 21) Alcohol Use

• Know limit MODERATION
• Space out drinks
• Small glasses
• Dilute mix drinks
• Eat while consuming
• Dont drink and drive
• Dont drink and use medication
• Dont drink if pregnant or not sure
• Babys of mothers who drink may be born with
  fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
• Delayed physical and mental growth

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1 Drink (1/2 oz of pure ethanol) (active drug
in wine, beer, liquor is ethyl or ethanol alcohol)

• One 12 oz can of beer (4.5 alcohol)
• 1 ¼ oz of 80 proof hard liquor
• (distilled ex/ whiskey, gin, brandy) (40
  alcohol)
• Proof amount of alcohol in a beverage as
  measured by , double the of alcohol
• Ex/ Beverage with 20 alcohol is 40 proof
• 1 oz of 100 proof liquor
• 3-5 oz of wine (12-14 alcohol)
• 1 wine cooler (1.5-6 alcohol)
• 1 mixed drink (see above)

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Alcohol the Body

• About 20 of alcohol consumed is absorbed into
  bloodstream through stomach walls.
• The majority is absorbed through intestine walls.
• The remaining alcohol is excreted through urine,
  perspiration, or breath.

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How Alcohol Affects the Body (impair judgment,
loosen inhibitions, dull reflexes)

• Nervous system
• Brain
• Blackouts (a period in which a person cannot
  remember what has happened following alcohol
  use)
• (start to see with problem drinkers)
• Seizures
• Dementia (decline in all areas of mental
  functioning)
• Digestive system
• Developing cancers of mouth, esophagus, stomach
• Ulcers
• Liver disease (cirrhosis- liver begins to fill
  with fat)
• Immune system
• Increased risk of developing illnesses
• Respiration infections
• Tuberculosis
• Certain cancers

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Affects on Body

• Cardiovascular system
• Damages organs
• Increased risk for cardiovascular disease, high
  blood pressure, stroke
• Skeletal system
• Body loses calcium
• Osteoporosis
• Urinary system
• Can cause kidney failure
• Reproductive system
• Female cause irregular periods
• Male affects size of testes and muscle
  development

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Alcohol Affects Every Cell in the Body

• Most alcohol is changed to harmless waste by the
  liver
• Liver can only process about 1 drink/ hour
• If drink more then this the excess alcohol build
  up in the body
• Alcohol goes to body tissue before excretion
• Effects of alcohol intensify
• Concentration of alcohol in blood increases

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Hangover- a result of the chemicals used to make
alcohol.

• The only true treatment for a hangover is TIME,
  not coffee, cold shower, etc.
• One of the worst things you can do for a person
  is give them another alcoholic beverage.

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Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

• Higher the BAC, the greater the effects of
  alcohol on the body.
• If the amount of alcohol (a toxin) is too large,
  stomach will reject it
• Vomiting
• Too much of a toxin (alcohol) can be poisonous.
• Binge drinking
• Consumption of large amount of alcohol in short
  amount of time
• Linked with rape, unprotected sex, death, fights,
  poor decisions, alcohol poisoning
• Alcohol poisoning signs
• Unconscious, cant be woken, vomiting while
  passed out, breathing slow, pale/ cold/ clammy
  skin
• Call 911 immediantly

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Factors that affect BAC (see text pg
412)

• Amount consumed
• Body weight
• Feelings
• Amount of food eaten
• Carbonation of beverage

• Speed consumed
• of body fat
• Gender
• Presence of other drugs in blood
• Age

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What Happens as BAC Increases

• See text page 413
• wksht

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Alcohol Laws

• BAC ( of alcohol in blood)- only factor which
  legally determines level of intoxication
• Liquor Control Board
• Controls all sales of alcoholic beverages in PA
• Underage Drinking
• Zero-tolerance law
• Lowers the legal BAC level for intoxicated
  drivers under 21 yrs of age
• Driving Under the Influence (DUI)
• Breathalyzer test accurate and common way police
  check BAC
• Under 21 yrs 0.02
• Over 21 yrs 0.08
• Reason for these laws is to protect the health,
  lives, and property of the public

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Laws

• Parents can not buy alcohol for their children
  even if it is their own home.
• Parents can be held accountable face fines for
  serving minors on their property.
• A person under 21 yrs. Can be arrested/ fined for
  underage drinking in PA if they are
• Consuming
• Transporting
• Possessing alcohol

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Law Activity

• Newspaper headline
• Local Teen Arrested for Drunk-Driving Incident
• What possible events led to the teens arrest?
• Who was with the teen before this incident?
• How did the teen get the alcohol?
• What was this incident they were arrested for?

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• Use Alcohol Laws packet
• 1. List laws teen may have violated
• 2. What behaviors may have led to teen being
  arrested?

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• Use refusal skills worksheet
• 1. Create a safer ending to this situation
  using refusal skills so that this incident does
  not occur.
• a. Give reason for refusal
• b. Show your concern
• c. Provide alternatives
• d. Use body language to reinforce what you say
• e. Take a definite action

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Alcoholism (see text pg 419)

• Disease in which there is physical and
  psychological dependence on alcohol.
• Early stage- social drinker becomes a problem
  drinker
• Late stage- problem drinker becomes alcoholic
• Difficulty controlling behavior
• Denial
• Withdrawal
• Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
• Is the reaction of the body to sudden stopping of
  drinking
• Delirium Tremens
• Is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal syndrome
  in which there are hallucinations and muscle
  convulsions
• Affects on others

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Getting Help

• Interventions are held to help make the alcoholic
  aware of the problem (see wksht)
• Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
• Recovery program for people who have alcoholism
• Al-Anon
• Recovery program for people who have friends or
  family members with alcoholism
• Ex/ help spouse of an alcoholic, family member or
  friend
• Al-Ateen
• Recovery program for teens who have a family
  member or friend with alcoholism

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Intervention Steps

• Stop enabling behaviors
• Talk to your friend
• Ask another friend to help
• Follow through
• Seek adult or professional help

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SWAT
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What drug classification is Alcohol?

• Stimulant
• Depressant
• Hallucinogen
• Narcotic

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Someone who drinks moderately

• Alcoholic
• Problem
• Social
• Dead

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Recovery program for teens of an alcoholic family

• AA
• Al-anon
• AAA
• Ala-teen

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Possible result of a pregnant women using alcohol

• TAS
• FAS
• SIDS
• DUH

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One factor that affects BAC

• Gender
• Shower
• Sleep
• Caffeine

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This class of drinker starts to experience
blackouts

• Social
• Problem
• Alcoholic
• Sober

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Example of one drink

• 1 oz of beer
• 2 oz 100 proof
• 3-5 oz wine
• 2 mixed drinks

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BAC limit for 21 or older

• .06
• .02
• .08
• .1

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Common way police check BAC

• Breathalyzer
• Urine
• Saliva
• Ear wax

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Person most likely found at Ala-non meeting

• Alcoholic
• Wife of alcoholic
• Co-worker of alcoholic
• dog

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Only thing that legally determines intoxication

• Color of skin
• BAC
• Ability to drive
• Ability to walk

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Most important thing to do in case of alcohol
poisoning

• Lay on side
• call 911
• Put to sleep
• eat bread

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Person under 21 has legal intoxication level
beginning at

• .04
• .08
• .02
• .01

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Severe form of alcohol withdrawal

• Alcoholic
• Delirium tremens
• Scratching
• cold

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Organization that controls sales of alcohol in PA

• PCP
• LCP
• LCB
• OCB

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Over the legal limit and driving, could be
arrested for

• Under age drinking
• DUI
• Zero tolerance
• DWU

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Active ingredient in alcohol

• Flour
• yeast
• Ethanol
• gasoline

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Period of time forgotten the day following
alcohol abuse

• Pass out
• Sleep
• DUI
• Blackout

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First step of an intervention

• Follow through
• Talk to your friend
• Stop enabling
• Seek adult/ professional

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Drinking a lot in a small amount of time

• Overdose
• binge drinking
• Blackout
• pass out

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These are put in place to protect the health,
lives, and property of the public

• BAC
• Seatbelts
• Alcohol laws
• air bags

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Stage of alcoholism where a social drinker
becomes a problem drinker

• Late
• Early

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Effects of alcohol on the liver

• Cirrhosis
• Obesity
• Cancer
• Softening

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How does alcohol effect the brain

• Speeds it up
• slows it
• Hallucinates
• causes it to think