Alcohol and Nutrition

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Alcohol and Nutrition
Beverages
Liver
Excretion
Absorption
Metabolism
Malnutrition
Nutrition Facts
Short-term Effects
University Use
Long-term Effects
Quiz
Brain
Liver Deterioration
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Alcohol in Beverages

• Each of these servings equals one drink

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Alcohol in the Stomach

• 20 absorbed immediately in empty stomach
• Food slows absorption
• Enzyme Alcohol Dehydrogenase- decreases amount
  of alcohol entering the blood by 20

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Alcohol in the Liver

• Processes one drink per hour or ½ oz. of ethanol
• Alcohol makes the biggest impact on the liver

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Alcohol Metabolism
NAD
NADH H
NAD
NADH H
Alcohol (ethanol)
Acetyl CoA
Acetaldehyde
Acetate
Alcohol dehydrogenase
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
CoA

• High concentration of acetaldehyde to brain and
  other tissues are responsible for many of the
  damaging effects

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Liver Deterioration

• Fatty Liver
• Accumulation of fat
• Fibrosis
• Cells
• lose their function
• characteristics of connective tissue cells
• Cirrhosis
• Cells
• die
• permanently lose their function

Cirrhosis
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Excretion of Alcohol

• Alcohol is not digested nor chemically changed in
  the blood stream
• Amount of alcohol in breath and urine
  proportional to amount still in bloodstream

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Alcohols Effects on the Brain

• 0.05- Impaired judgment, relaxed inhibitions,
  altered heart rate
• 0.10- Impaired coordination, delayed reaction
  time, exaggerated emotions, impaired peripheral
  vision, impaired ability to operate a vehicle
• 0.15- Slurred speech, blurred vision, staggered
  walk, seriously impaired coordination and judgment

• 0.20- Double vision, inability to walk
• 0.30- Uninhibited behavior, confusion, inability
  to comprehend
• 0.40 to 0.60- Unconsciousness, shock, coma, death
  (cardiac or respiratory failure)

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Nutrition Facts

• Contributes to fat storage in central region aka
  Beer Belly
• 7 kcal/gram
• Recommendation Not more than two drinks/day for
  average-size man one drink/day for average-size
  woman

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Alcohol Malnutrition

• Primary Malnutrition- alcohol displaces food
• Secondary Malnutrition-alcohol interferes with
  digestion and absorption of nutrients

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome- Thiamin deficiency
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Alcohols Short-Term Effects

• Binge Drinking
• (4 or 5 drinks)
• Alcohol Poisoning
• Alcohol consumption
• Suicide (33)
• Homicide (50)
• Accidents (50)
• DE (2002) DE (2007)
• -gt 51 fatalities 19 fatalities
• Violence (Robbery, rape, assault)
• Victim of crime
• Injury (falls, drownings, fire)

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Alcohols Long-Term Effects

• Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
• Liver Disease
• Kidney Disease
• Heart Disease
• Cancer

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University Use

• Students drink 4 billion cans of beer yearly
• 360,000 of 12 million undergraduates will die
  from alcohol-related causes while in school
• Nearly ½ of college students are binge drinkers
• Average student spends 900 per year on alcohol
  (books 450/year)

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Quiz

• What is considered one drink?
• 10 oz. beer
• 6 oz. glass of wine
• 1 ½ oz. hard liquor
• 8 oz. wine cooler

• What is Delawares Blood Alcohol Concentration
  Limit?
• .20
• .05
• .10
• .08

3. What is the approximate BAC when a
person has slurred speech, staggered walk
blurred vision? A. .30
B. .15 C. .10 D.
.05
Answers 1. C 2. D 3. B