JAZZ

1
JAZZ
2
Spirituals, Gospel, Blues

• What are the musical characteristics of
  spirituals, gospel, and blues music?

• What is the form of blues music?

• How do I create and perform
• lyrics to a blues melody?

3
http//teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/
history_of_jazz.htm
Did you know that jazz was born in the United
States?
Did you know that the drum set was invented by
jazz musicians?
Did you know that the word "cool" and "hip" were
originally jazz terms?

• Join us in learning more about the history of
  jazz from its birth in New Orleans, Louisiana, to
  the music we hear on the radio today.  

4
Describe the different styles of JAZZ and how
they impact the music of today.
LEQ
5
Describe the style and musicians of each jazz
style.
LEQ
6
EARLY ROOTS
7
Making Music purple book

• Listen and sing Siyahamba Song,
• page 206
• (African), CD 9 - 1

8
Making Music purple book

• Read pages 224 - 235

9
WHAT IS SYNCOPATION?

• ACCENTING A BEAT THAT NORMALLY DOES NOT GET AN
  ACCENT
• 1 2 3 4
• lt lt

10
ROOTS

• AFRICAN instruments rhythms-drums banjo
• Beat, rhythms, syncopation

11

Call and Response

• Beat, rhythms, syncopation
• Call and Response singing.

12

Call and Response

• Song Ise Oluwa
• Book page 226

13
The Origins of Jazz European and Africa Influence
VIDEO

• Call Response
• (start video at 104)

14
Spirituals

• Characteristics
• Sung and created by slaves during the Civil War-
  Spirituals
• With these songs, they expressed their hope for
  freedom, and a more dignified life.
• Sing a Spiritual

15
  "Swing low, Sweet Chariot

• Swing low, Sweet ChariotComing for to
  carry me homeSwing low, sweet chariotComing for
  to carry me homeI looked over Jordan and what
  did I see?Coming for to carry me homeA band of
  angels coming after meComing for the carry me
  home
• http//freekidsmusic.com/traditional/swing-lo
  w-sweet-chariot.html

16

• If you get to heaven before I do
• Coming for to carry me home
• Tell all my friends that I'm coming tooComing
  for the carry me home
• Swing low, Sweet ChariotComing for to carry
  me homeSwing low, sweet chariotComing for to
  carry me home
• Sometimes I'm up, sometimes I'm downComing
  for to carry me home
• In my heart I know I'm heaven boundComing for
  to carry me home

17
Underground Railroad

• http//teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/
  underground5Frailroad/plantation.htm
• http//teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/
  underground5Frailroad/slideshows/escape_slides.ht
  m
• Timeline
• http//www.fergusbordewich.com/FBtimelinepage.shtm
  l

18
Underground Railroad Quilts

• http//home2.fvcc.edu/cgreig/final/undimages/samp
  ler.jpg
• http//www.straycatsquilting.com/images/rr.jpg
• http//4.bp.blogspot.com/_AmILpRyS6fU/SSXP6pKCHzI/
  AAAAAAAACWQ/n2qefaJ7StU/s400/quiltinginsashing.j
  pg

19
Gospel

• Jonah
• Compare Contrast the styles of Spiritual to
  Gospel

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Origins of Jazz Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime
Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
21
Origins of Jazz Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime
Characteristics/Facts Africa European origins Rhythms, Beats Call Response Syncopation 1 2 3 4 lt lt Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
22
Origins of Jazz Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime
Characteristics/Facts Africa European origins Rhythms, Beats Call Response Syncopation 1 2 3 4 lt lt Characteristics/Facts Sung by slaves during the Civil War Through music, they hoped for a better life and for freedom Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers Swing Low, Sweet Chariot Nobody Knows the Trouble Ive Seen Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
23
Name _________________ Jazz Roots Period
____ Ticket out the door (7pts)1 - Describe
Syncopation 2 3 - Jazz has its roots in these
2 sources4- What is a Spiritual?5 6 -
Africas music used _____ ________ singing.7.
Name a spiritual that we talked about in class.
24
Name _________________ Jazz Roots Period
____ Answer should reflect1 Syncopation is.
2 3 - Jazz has its roots in _____
________.4- A Spiritual is ..5 6 -
Africas music used _____ ________ singing.7.

25
NEW ORLEANS
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WHAT IS SYNCOPATION?

• ACCENTING A BEAT THAT NORMALLY DOES NOT GET AN
  ACCENT

27
New Orleans The Melting Pot of Sound1900 - 1930

• Jazz started in New Orleans in 1900
• Jazz was a blend of musical styles from Europe
  and Africa including ragtime, spirituals, and
  marches.

http//www.helloneworleans.com/Images/Buildings/62
72006St_Charles_Hotel_1900.jpg
28
Hotlanta Dixieland Jazz - Jazz History Dr Jazz
VIDEO

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vSiEOuWVoTaE

http//jazzbluesclub.com/uploads/posts/thumbs/1238
244060_61w0g5cg0gl.jpg
29
Birth Of Jazz

• Louis Armstrong
• King Oliver
• Dixieland

New Orleans
Louis became one of the greatest jazz trumpeters
and singers of all time.
Jazz capital of the world
30
Jazz History 1 of 111- Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917)
VIDEO Watch up to 500 then 800 to the end

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vSEIGiIvLurs

31
PAIR SHARING Describe how Jazz got started.
LEQ
32
LOUIS ARMSTRONG

• Read article about
• Louis Armstrong
• Answer Questions.
• Listen to the drama expressed by the trumpet
  and clarinet solos in "Potato Head Blues."
  VIDEO

33
1901Louis Armstrong is born

• Louis Armstrong was one of the most influential
  artists in the history of music. Born in New
  Orleans, Louisiana, on August 4, 1901, he began
  playing the cornet at the age of 13. Armstrong
  perfected the improvised jazz solo as we know it
  - Improvisation. VIDEO of his childhood VIDEO
  VIDEO
• Before Armstrong, Dixieland was the style of jazz
  that everyone was playing. His nicknames were
  "Pops" and "Satchmo." Louis was loved and admired
  throughout the world. He died in New York City on
  July 6, 1971.

34
Louis Armstrong

• Purple Music Books page 64 67
• Sing What a Wonderful World
• CD 3 17, 19

35

• It was
• Jazz on the River.

36
Improvisation is an important element of Jazz

• Improvisation is when you create something on the
  spot without planning and editing. It is a
  spontaneous performance.
• Website to check out http//www.jazclass.aust.co
  m/bl1.htm

37
Billy Boy

• The Stuart Mindeman Trio recording the
  traditional song, "Billy Boy" in the recital hall
  of the Northern Illinois University music
  building for their upcoming CD. Stuart Mindeman -
  Piano John Tate...
• VIDEO
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v71iYWCqPp_Y

38
How do I improvise?
LEQ
39
ImprovisationUse your Right Hand Using the
black keys, improvise along with the music.
5
3
4
1
2
40
ImprovisationUse your Right Hand Using the
black keys, improvise along with the music.
5
3
4
1
2
41
How do I improvise?Refer to piano books.For
advanced pianistsHow to improvise piano blues,
Part 1 VideoHow to improvise piano blues, Part
2 Video
LEQ
42
Origins of Jazz Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime
Characteristics/Facts Africa European origins Rhythms, Beats Call Response Syncopation 1 2 3 4 lt lt Characteristics/Facts Sung by slaves during the Civil War Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers Swing Low, Sweet Chariot Nobody Knows the Trouble Ive Seen Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
43
Origins of Jazz Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime
Characteristics/Facts Africa origins Rhythms, Beats Call Response Syncopation Characteristics/Facts Sung by slaves during the Civil War Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom Characteristics/Facts New Orleans Jazz Capital of the world Black Parade Music Jazz started app. 1900 Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers Swing Low, Sweet Chariot Musicians/Composers Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazz trumpeters and singers of all time. Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance. Musicians/Composers
44
Name _________________ Jazz Beginnings Period
____ Ticket out the door (5pts)1 - Describe
Improvisation 2 3 - Where and when did Jazz
start? 4 5 - Name 2 facts about Louis
Armstrong.
45
RAGTIME
46
Describe the style and musicians of Ragtime.
LEQ
47
RAGTIME

• 1900-1920s
• Mostly played on the piano
• Ragging or Stride Bass in Left Hand
• Syncopated style

Scott Joplin was often called the FATHER OF
RAGTIME
48
Maple leaf rag - Scott Joplin

• VIDEO
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vreI43yUCaUI

49
Intro.

• Watch This is America,
• Charlie Brown
• Section from slavery to When the Saints Go
  Marching In
• Students take notes.
• What styles were discussed?
• start 12

50
Origins of Jazz Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime
Characteristics/Facts Africa origins Rhythms, Beats Call Response Syncopation Characteristics/Facts Sung by slaves during the Civil War Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom Characteristics/Facts New Orleans Jazz Capital of the world Black Parade Music Jazz started app. 1900 Characteristics/Facts
Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance. Musicians/Composers Swing Low, Sweet Chariot Musicians/Composers Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazz trumpeters and singers of all time. Musicians/Composers
51
Origins of Jazz Africa Spirituals - Gospel Dixieland Ragtime
Characteristics/Facts Africa origins Rhythms, Beats Call Response Syncopation Characteristics/Facts Sung by slaves during the Civil War Through music, hoped for a better life and for freedom Characteristics/Facts New Orleans Jazz Capital of the world Black Parade Music Jazz started app. 1900 Characteristics/Facts Involves playing a piano very fast 1900-1920
Improvisation is when you create something on the spot without planning and editing. It is spontaneous performance. Musicians/Composers Swing Low, Sweet Chariot Musicians/Composers Louis Armstrong became one of the greatest jazz trumpeters and singers of all time. Musicians/Composers Scott Joplin was called Father of Ragtime He wrote Maple Leaf Rag The Entertainer
52
Name _________________ RAGTIME Period ____
Ticket out the door (4 pts) 1 2 - List 2
facts about Ragtime3 4 - List 2 facts about
Scott Joplin.
53
BLUES
54
BLUES

• 1800-1930s
• A-A-B Form
• Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad
• 12 Bar Blues
• B.B King, Bessie Smith,
• Billie Holiday
• Beale Street Memphis , TN

55
Late 1800sToday The Blues Back to the Source

• Born in the South, the blues is an African
  American music form that recognized the pain of
  lost love and injustice . The blues evolved from
  hymns, work songs, and field hollers music used
  to accompany spiritual, work and social
  functions.
• Blues is the foundation of jazz as well as the
  prime source of rhythm and blues, rock 'n' roll,
  and country music. The blues is still evolving
  and is still widely played today.

56
BLUES

• The blues is a musical form that has its origins
  in work songs sung by slaves in the United
  States.
• Blues songs tell stories about life experiences,
  particularly love and poverty.
• Blues singers, including Ray Charles, Billie
  Holiday, and Muddy Waters, are known around the
  world.
• Today, blues musicians use pianos, drums, and
  guitars, but in the past, they used instruments
  made from whatever was available, including pots
  and washboards.
• http//www.education-world.com/a_tsl/archives/00-1
  /lesson0040.shtml

57
WHAT ARE THE 12 BAR BLUES?

• IT IS A CHORD PROGRESSION USING ONLY 3 CHORDS

58

59
Rock Around the Clock

• WOM Red pg. 158
• What key is this song written in?
• What are the 3 primary chords for that key?
• Analyze chords progression. What is the chord
  progression?
• Sing Rock Around the Clock

http//www.d4haley.com/images/LPHaleyRATC.jpg http
//www.jeffosretromusic.com/Clock.jpg
60
Singing the Blues with Larry

• VIDEO

http//www.itickets.com/parts/nimages/1648.jpg
61

• I've got the blues, I feel so lonelyI'll
  give the world if I could onlyMake you
  understandIt surely would be grandI'm gonna
  telephone my babyAsk him won't you please come
  home'Cause when you're gone, I'm worried all day
  longBaby won't you please come homeBaby won't
  you please come homeI have tried in vainEver
  more to call your nameWhen you left you broke my
  heartThat will never make us partEvery hour in
  the dayYou will hear me sayBaby won't you
  please come home, I meanBaby won't you please
  come homeBaby won't you please come homeCause
  your mama's all aloneI have tried in vainNever
  more to call your nameWhen you left you broke my
  heartThat will never make us partLandlord
  gettin' worse, I've got to move May the
  firstBaby won't you please come home, I need
  moneyBaby won't you please come home

Bessie Smith
62
Bessie Smith -- Baby Won't You Please Come Home
1923

• VIDEO
• VIDEO
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vzCrtErmipXE
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v95wv7uAUpDM
• http//hd.se/kultur/blogg/wp-content/uploads/2009/
  06/bessie_smith2_8120691.jpg
• http//z.about.com/d/womenshistory/1/0/e/8/bessie_
  smith_002.jpg

63
The Voices of Jazz

• Billie Holiday,
• known as Lady Day,
• was only sixteen years old
• When she burst on the
• jazz scene as the singer
• for Benny Goodmans
• band. She had a tragic
• life, and was able to
• sing with intense emotion.
• VIDEO

http//thebroadroom.net/images/beauty/2007_q3/bill
ie_holliday.jpg
64
Billie Holiday

• Read article
• about
• Billie Holiday
• Answer Questions.

http//www.mp3lyrics.org/b/billie-holiday/billie-h
oliday_3.Jpg
65
B.B.KING

• VIDEO
• BB King - How Blue Can You Get
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v6jCNXASjzMY

66
Its not so Easy being Me

• Sing Blues song WOM 7 (RED) 160

67
How do I create and perform lyrics to a blues
melody?
68
SUN GONNA SHINEBlues

• Sing song page 234
• Read, compose, and sing new blues lyrics for Sun
  Gonna Shine
• Compare and contrast the various musical elements
  from gospel, spirituals, and blues music.

69
SUN GONNA SHINE

• With your partner, write your own lyrics to a
  Blues sequence
• Line 1 _____________________
• Line 2 _____________________
• Line 3 _____________________

70
Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock
Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
71
Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock
Characteristics/Facts Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad 12- Bar Blues 1800-1930s In 1917, war times closed the New Orleans district. Musicians left and relocated in Chicago. Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers B.B King Bessie Smith Billie Holiday Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
72
Name _________________ Blues Period ____
Ticket out the door (6 pts)1,2,3 - List 3
facts about the Blues style4 5 Name 2 Blue
singers 6 What city did jazz musicians
relocate to?
73
A SOULFUL CELEBRATION OVERTURE

• African

3. Ragtime
2. Black Spiritual
5. Gospel
6. Blues
4. Big Band
7. The 70s
9. Hip-Hop
8. Jazz Fusion
10. House
74
SCAT
75
Ella Fitzgerald

• Ella Fitzgerald won a
• talent contest in 1934,
• and then became
• known as one of the
• greatest singers and
• masters of SCAT in
• jazz history!

http//rosettasister.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/e
lla.jpg
76

• The
• famous
• Ella
• Fitzgerald
• first appeared
• here
• at the
• Apollo
• Theatre.

77

• Her voice
• captivated
• the hearts
• of her
• audience.
• Her
• scatting
• abilities
• inspired
• many
• musicians.

78
Ella Fitzgerald

• Read article about
• Ella Fitzgerald
• Answer Questions.

79
Jazz History 12 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)
VIDEOWatch up to 800

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vBPTfS69E3-c

80

• In the 1920s, Jazz EXPLODED!
• The center then moved to Chicago by the early
  1920s.
•  

http//www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/easyrider/data/p
ages/Chicago20Blues/state.jpg
81

• Chicago was THE city for blues musicians and
  African Americans from the South - no Jim Crow
  laws, plenty of jobs (at least before depression
  started), two direct lines to go there - the
  railroad and Highway 61. Around 1850 there
  probably lived 300 African Americans  in Chicago,
  in 1920 they were 182,000  - and quite a lot of
  them were Blues musicians. They settled down
  south of State Street - in Southside. State
  street was full of clubs and theaters, and quite
  a lot of musicians worked there. 

http//www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/easyrider/data/p
ages/Chicago20Blues/state.jpg
82
JAZZ

• What are the musical characteristics of jazz
  music?

• What is scat?

• How do I compose and perform
• scat lyrics?

• How do I improvise?

83
SCAT
LOUIS ARMSTRONG - Developed scat
ELLA FITZGERALD Modern Female Scat artist
MEL TORME modern male scat singer
84
What is scat?

• Scat is singing non-sense syllables, trying to
  make the voice sound like an instrument.
• scat singing is vocal improvisation with random
  vocables and syllables or without words at all.
• Jazz History 24 of 111 - Our Language (1924 -
  1929) VIDEO
• Stop at 340 restart at 415 stop at 715
• Scat Singing and Bessie Smith

85
Louis Armstrong

• Purple Music Books page 67
• Listen to Hotter than That CD 3 20
• which is a famous recording from 1927 that
  has Louiss scat singing solos.

86
Sing Blue Skies

• Page 11, in song book
• Middle section has scat singing.

1. 2. 3. 4.
http//1.bp.blogspot.com/_1D7niXVYUd8/SGFHHLktdkI/
AAAAAAAAC3Y/aU_b83Fh9fo/s400/4blog2Bblue2Bskies
2B(1).JPG
87
Cool Cat Scat

• Sing When the Saints go Marching in
• Purple Books, page 66
• (The recording is of the original song,
• WOM 7)

88
Scattin A - Round

• Sing song Scattin A-Round
• Purple Music Books page 158,
• CD 7-5

89
Nikki Yanofsky - Airmail Special

• Nikki is only 14 years old, singing old jazz
  favorites and wowing audiences with her excellent
  scat singing abilities. Critics are comparing her
  to Ella Fitzgerald which is quite something when
  you consider that Ella is known as the First
  Lady of Song. VIDEO

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vD-bumYe5mfAfeature
player_embedded
90
How do I compose and perform scat lyrics?
LEQ
91
Cool Cat Scat Project

• 1. Select an easy song such as
• Happy Birthday
• Twinkle, Twinkle
• Write the words to the original song
• Double space
• Then, fill in scat words underneath the original
  words
• Perform the scat song for the class.

http//dclips.fundraw.com/zobo500dir/excl_ed_comog
lio_Image-12.jpg
92
Cool Cat Scat Projectexample
Oh Yeah!

• Hap-py Birth-day to you.
• Do wah Bah Bah Do wah
• Hap-py Birth-day to you.
• Bah Bah Do wah Do wah
• Hap-py Birth-day to you.
• Hap-py Birth-day to you.

93
Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock
Characteristics/Facts Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad 12 Bar Blues 1800-1930s Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers B.B King Bessie Smith Billie Holiday Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
94
Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock
Characteristics/Facts Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad 12 Bar Blues 1800-1930s Characteristics/Facts singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers B.B King Bessie Smith Billie Holiday Musicians/Composers Ella Fitzgerald Louis Armstrong Musicians/Composers Duke Ellington Musicians/Composers
95
Name _________________ Scat Period ____
Ticket out the door (4 pts)1 - Define scat
singing2 Name another musician who used scat
besides Ella Fitzgerald 3 4 - Name 2 facts
about Ella Fitzgerald
96
SWING
97
BIG Band and SWING

• DUKE ELLINGTON
• Saxophones, Brass
• clarinets, drums
• Glenn Miller, Tommy
• Jimmy Dorsey

1930-40s
98
Brass Instrument MUTES
Wow wow mute

• http//www.long-mcquade.com/files/561/lg_harmon20
  trumpet20mute.jpg
• http//www.ioremap.net/gallery/trumpet/cup_mute.jp
  g
• http//www.wwbw.com/Harmon-J1-Triple-Play-Combo-Tr
  umpet-Mute-360161-i1129469.wwbw

99
SWING1930 - 1940

• This era centers around big bands. Less emphasis
  on improvisation and more on band arrangements.
• What is a Mute? Observe the mutes in the
  video.
• VIDEO or VIDEO
• Same video of Duke Ellington. It Doesnt Mean a
  thing if it doesnt have that swing

100
Mid1930sSwing Sound in Motion

•  Swing is the basic rhythm of jazz. Swinging
  means being in sync with other people and loving
  it. Swing as a jazz style first appeared during
  the Great Depression. The optimistic feeling of
  swing lifted the spirits of everyone in America.
  By the mid-1930s, a period known as the "swing"
  era, swing dancing had become our national dance
  and big bands were playing this style of music.
  Orchestra leaders such as Duke Ellington, Count
  Basie, Fletcher Henderson, Paul Whiteman, and
  Benny Goodman led some of the greatest bands of
  the era.Learn about the swing rhythm and listen
  to how the vocalists accent the second and fourth
  beats to create that rhythm. These accents give
  the music a sense of motion and make you want to
  dance.

101
The Big Band Era

• During WWII, jazz was
• considered a symbol
• of hope and solidarity
• for American soldiers.
• Glenn Miller was the
• most important figure
• in BIG BAND MUSIC.

http//www.wwangle.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/200
8 /12/james-stewart-as-glenn-miller.jpg
http//mentalfloss.cachefly.net/wp-content/uploads
/2008/11/glenn_miller.jpg
102

• Glenn Miller was a
• trombone player and
• band leader, and the
• director of the Air
• Force Orchestra.
• Sadly, he was killed
• during the war in a
• plane crash while
• flying to Paris for a
• concert.

103
  Duke Ellington Master Composer

• "Duke" Ellington was born on April 29, 1899, in
  Washington, D.C. He began studying the piano at
  the age of seven. He started playing jazz as a
  teenager, and moved to New York City to become a
  bandleader. As a pianist, composer, and
  bandleader, Ellington was one of the creators of
  the big band sound, which fueled the "swing" era.
  He continued leading and composing for his jazz
  orchestra until his death in 1974. "Ellington
  plays the piano, but his real instrument is his
  band. Each member of his band is to him a
  distinctive tone color and set of emotions, which
  he mixes with others equally distinctive to
  produce a third thing, which I like to call the
  'Ellington Effect.'" Billy Strayhorn, composer
  and arranger

104
Duke Ellington was another famous jazz musician.
105
Duke Ellingtons Band performed often at Howard
University
106
He and his band were very popular.
107

• Audiences flocked to hear his band and to dance
  to their music.

108
And swing dancing
was the dance to do!!!
109

• Benny Goodman was a famous
• band leader,
• clarinetist
• and composer.

110

• Age of Popular Song
• 1930s 40s Big Bands
• Designed for dancing either ballroom, foxtrot,
  jitterbug, mambo, or rumba
• Irving Berlin (writer)
• Frank Sinatra (singer)

111
Duke Ellington

• Read Article about Duke Ellington
• Answer Questions

112
Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock
Characteristics/Facts Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad 12 Bar Blues 1800-1930s Characteristics/Facts singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers B.B King Bessie Smith Billie Holiday Musicians/Composers Ella Fitzgerald Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
113
Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock
Characteristics/Facts Lyrics about something sad, depressing or bad 12 Bar Blues 1800-1930s Characteristics/Facts singing non-sense syllables, trying to make the voice sound like an instrument Characteristics/Facts 1930 1940 Use of Mutes Swing was Dance music, the whole country was dancing Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers B.B King Bessie Smith Billie Holiday Musicians/Composers Ella Fitzgerald Musicians/Composers Duke Ellington Benny Goodman Glenn Miller Count Basie Musicians/Composers
114
Name _________________ Swing Period ____
Ticket out the door (5pts)1 - How is Swing
different from previous styles of Jazz?2,3, 4 -
Name 3 other musicians from this period besides
Duke E. 5 - What is a Mute? 6 7 - Name 2
facts about Duke Ellington
115
Additional FAMOUS MUSICIANS
116
Famous Jazz Musicians

• Louis Armstrong
• Charlie Parker
• Miles Davis VIDEO
• DukeEllington
• Dave Brubeck VIDEO
• George Gershwin
• WyntonMarsalis

117
COMPOSERS
George Gershwin
Duke Ellington
118
COMPOSERS
George Gershwin
Gershwins crowning achievement in this
style was the piano and orchestra composition
RHAPSODY IN BLUE. He wrote the entire piece in
only 2 months!
119
COMPOSERS

• Duke Ellington was a
• classy, elegant
• African American man who became the
• top attraction in Harlem at THE COTTON CLUB.

Duke Ellington
120
Fats Waller

• THE GREAT HARLEM PERFORMERS
• Fats Waller was a pianist,
• singer, and composer,
• best known for this
• comical song.

http//www.jazznblues.co.uk/Images/Fats20Waller.j
pg
121

• Cab Calloway is
• known as
• the king of
• Hi de hi de ho.

http//secretgeek.net/image/Cab_Calloway.jpg
122
BEBOP
In the late 1940s, some jazz musicians wanted
to break away from traditional jazz and create a
new sound. The new sound enabled the musicians to
have more freedom of expression, with its fast
paced rhythms and unusual breaks. BEBOP was
especially popular in large cities.
123
BEBOP1940 - 1955

• Bebop is an outgrowth of swing, with tempos that
  are much faster. Emphasis is on improvisation,
  ensembles are smaller.

124
1940sBebop The Summit of Sound

• "If you really understand the meaning of
  bebop, you understand the meaning of freedom."
  Thelonious Monk, pianist and composerIn the
  early 1940s, jazz musicians were looking for new
  directions to explore. A new style of jazz was
  born, called bebop, had fast tempos, intricate
  melodies, and complex harmonies. Bebop was
  considered jazz for intellectuals. No longer were
  there huge big bands, but smaller groups that did
  not play for dancing audiences but for listening
  audiences.Listen to a short history of the
  beginning of bebop, and learn how to scat!

125
Dizzy Gillespie A Jazz Visionary

•   Dizzy GillespieThe first time you hear Dizzy
  Gillespie play the trumpet, you may think that
  the tape was recorded at the wrong speed. He
  played so high, so fast, so correctly." Wynton
  MarsalisTrumpeter, bandleader, and composer
  John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie was born on October
  21, 1917, in Cheraw, South Carolina. He got his
  first music lesson from his father and took off
  from there. He moved to New York City in 1937 and
  met musicians such as Thelonious Monk and Charlie
  Parker. Together they experimented with jazz and
  came up with the bebop sound. Dizzy also helped
  to introduce Latin American rhythms to modern
  jazz through his collaborations with artists such
  as Machito and Chano Pozo. His bold trumpet
  playing, unique style of improvisation, and
  inspired teachings had a major influence, not
  only on other trumpet players, but on all jazz
  musicians in the years to come. He died in
  Englewood, New Jersey, on January 6, 1993.How
  did Dizzy get his name? Wynton Marsalis explains
  his famous nickname and what made Dizzy so unique
  as a musician.

126
Dizzy Gillespie

• Dizzy was a great
• trumpeter who also
• dominated the
• BEBOP scene. He
• had an infectious
• personality which
• made him very
• popular, and his
• style of puffing out
• his cheeks while
• playing was his
• trademark.

http//www.lastudiomusicians.net/Dizzy20Gillespie
.jpg
127
Rhythm and Blues

• After WWII, many African Americans from
• rural areas were moving into American
• cities to work for defense companies.
• They brought with them their musical
• tradition of gospel and blues, which then
• crossed paths with big band music. The
• result RHYTHM AND BLUES.

128
Ray Charles

• Ray Charles was a
• pianist, singer, and
• saxophonist,
• emphasizing the
• religious background
• of the music. His
• music is considered a
• forerunner of SOUL.

http//www.brianharrismusic.net/images/RayCharles.
jpg
129
Ray Charles

• Remembered as the
• Godfather of Soul,
• James Brown went
• back to the rhythmic
• roots of African-
• American music, and
• proudly imitated these
• sounds as a beloved
• singing performer.

http//3.bp.blogspot.com/_K1bzc-bdxto/RY_gphAP7HI/
AAAAAAAABGo/A7l3NBsYPuE/s400/j3.jpg
130
The BOP of the 1960s

• In the 50s and 60s,
• there was a
• movement for African
• Americans to return to
• the roots of jazz.
• Miles Davis and
• Thelonius Monk lead
• this new movement.

http//userserve-ak.last.fm/serve/_/115468/MilesD
avis.jpg
http//www.greatmodernpictures.com/ntm01lg.jpg
131
Free Jazz

• The late 1960s
• changed jazz.
• America was in a
• time of turmoil, and
• jazz became free
• and without rules.
• John Coltrane lead
• this FREE JAZZ
• movement.

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neajazzintheschools.org/images/lesson4/look/joh n_
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ols.org/lesson4/look.php3Fuv3Dsusg_ _aMouF-o2B
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132
What does this have to dowith rock and roll?

• In the 1940s, the music of
• African Americans was
• primarily jazz (which in
• turn became rhythm
• and blues), and white
• music was either
• country or very
• schmaltzy pop, as
• demonstrated in hit
• recordings by artists
• such as Doris Day and
• Pat Boone.

http//media.photobucket.com/image/doris20day/Ric
hardSkipper/039_69070Doris-Day-Posters-742149.jpg
http//www.181.fm/cache/images/Pat_Boone.mega.jpg

133

• When white country
• and western music,
• which was popular
• in the South,
• converged with
• rhythm and blues,
• the rock and roll
• revolution was
• born.
  

Chuck Berry
http//www.esto.es/rock/images/ChuckBerryPromo1.jp
g
134
COOL JAZZ

• Characteristics
• Started in the 1950s
• evolved as a reaction against bebop.
• stresses more lyrical playing, appears more
  subdued.

135
Cool Jazz Boogie Woogie

• Dave Brubeck
• Piano
• 1940-50s

136
'TRANSITIONS'
to ROCK n ROLL

• 12 BAR BLUES
• Faster Tempo
• Developed into 1950s
• Chuck Berry -guitar
• Chubby Checker- The Twist
• Bill Hailey the Comets-
• Rock Around the Clock
• Buddy Holly-Thatll Be the Day

137
In 1954, rock and roll foundits KING.

• Elvis Presley came from
• Memphis, and loved African
• American music with a
• passion. Young people of
• the 1950s loved his music
• because it was the perfect
• combination of rebellion and
• entertainment. He wore
• sideburns, a stray forelock of
• hair on his forehead, and
• always looked like he was
• smirking.

138
ELVIS PRESLEY
139
The Beatles

• The Beatles
• 1964Ed Sullivan Show debut
• Unconventional in their day
• Represented sincerity yet defiance
• John Lennon and Paul McCartney were especially
  gifted song writers
• George Harrison also wrote deeply felt poems

140
Blues Scat Swing / Big Band Rock
Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts Characteristics/Facts
Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers Musicians/Composers
141
SOUL

• While the Beatles were
• gaining fame, SOUL music
• was exploding as well.
• MOTOWN, a Detroit record label formed
• by African American businessman Berry
• Gordy, was the first African American
• label to record and distribute music by
• African American artists. The result
• was a captivating brand of pop music
• that won over both blacks and whites.
• Motown was the music of
• INTEGRATION.

142
Motown Artists included

• Marvin Gaye

The Temptations
http//www.forgettherest.com/media/images/CD/01436
72_1.jpg
http//rhythmicsoul.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/su
premes3.jpg
http//1.bp.blogspot.com/_dUrynl9-tm4/SKijzWoJRWI/
AAAAAAAAAks/SkJPHgS-npM/S660/temptations_d.jpg
143
Cool Jazz

• Miles Davis
• Miles Davis interview, 1982
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vIHeYG9SNaS0

144
SUMMERTIME - Miles Davis

• VIDEO
• Listen only to the music, close the video.
• Contrast Compare to
• Summertime Billie Holidays version of
• Summertime VIDEO
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vHK18aw2-fDI
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vn4PSju9HYwUfeature
  fvw

145
Miles Davis Baby Won't You Please Come
HomeVIDEO
Who performed this same song?

• Bessie Smith in 1923
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v6u8PTueP_vo

146
How To Improvise Piano Blues Part1 Piano Lesson

• VIDEO
• How To Improvise Piano Blues Part 2 Piano Lesson
• VIDEO
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vXFoxG3ltnB4feature
  PlayListpFA921964F9D78F2Fplaynext1playnext_f
  romPLindex37
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v9G18B7qPknYfeature
  PlayListpC3D7275A0DBC3CB3playnext1playnext_f
  romPLindex54

147
Herbie Hancock - Jazz Fusion Cantelope Island

• VIDEO
• Advertisement
• (more info)
• Herbie Hancock is one of the most influential
  American jazz pianists and composers of our time,
  a true icon of modern music. A musical visionary
  who combines elements of rock, funk and soul with
  th...
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vXrgP1u5YWEg

148

• Herbie Hancock is one of the most
  influential American jazz pianists and composers
  of our time, a true icon of modern music. A
  musical visionary who combines elements of rock,
  funk and soul with th...
• American jazz pianists and composers of our
  time, a true icon of modern music. A musical
  visionary who combines elements of rock, funk and
  soul with the stylistic rhythms of electronic and
  acoustic jazz, his career spans some 50 years.
  His latest album is a tribute to his long time
  friend and associate Joni Mitchell among the
  guest vocals on the album are Norah Jones, Tina
  Turner and Corrine Bailey Rae. For more info
  http//www.fastfocus.tv/media.aspx?id...

149
Credits from PBS

• From PBS, JAZZ HISTORY GUMBO 1 111
• Got the video clips from youtube.com
• Jazz History 1 of 111- Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vSEIGiIvLursfeature
  PlayListp875194B0B3601EB0index0playnext1
• Jazz History 5 of 111- Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vt2EYCm8JfMgfeature
  PlayListp875194B0B3601EB0index4
• Jazz History 9 of 111- Gumbo (Beginnings to 1917)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vfBDD2UGdtVMfeature
  PlayListp875194B0B3601EB0index8
• Jazz History 12 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vBPTfS69E3-cfeature
  PlayListp875194B0B3601EB0index11
• Jazz History 18 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v6sEcJVrJ4k4feature
  PlayListp875194B0B3601EB0index17
• Jazz History 19 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v2Hbv5N3O_vMfeature
  PlayListp875194B0B3601EB0index18
• Jazz History 21 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vzwYWfJ9aqgQfeature
  PlayListp875194B0B3601EB0index20
• Jazz History 22 of 111 - The Gift (1917-1924)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vz9PpueA3gUMfeature
  PlayListp875194B0B3601EB0index21
• Scat Singing Bessie Smith, Blues

150
Nikki Yanofsky Sings It Don't Mean a Thing...

• VIDEO
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vGLSr0UzL1HEfeature
  related

151
Credits

• B.B. King at his best
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v-sMWTqUuSh4
• B.B. King - The Thrill Is Gone 1993/Live At B.B.
  King's Blues Club, Blues Summit
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vQtm66Z3lebc