Migration from Turkey to Germany

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Migration from Turkey to Germany
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Why Germany needed migration?

• After 2nd World War Germany had a labour
  shortage for factories e.g Volkswagen, BMW,
  Grundig
• Working conditions were amongst the best in
  Europe

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Why Turkish workers migrated?

• Turkish people saw the opportunities in Germany
• Turkey was relatively poor, little social
  services , job opportunities.
• They worked in Construction (building), Car
  manufacturing, Manufacturing electrical goods
• They mainly moved in the 1970s

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Germany
Turkey
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Who moved?

• The Germans needed manual labourers people to
  do jobs they did not want to do
• It was mostly young skilled men (aged 20 40)
  who moved
• They lived in hostels and sent money back to
  their families at home
• Sometimes the family would join the workers in
  Germany

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Effects on Germany

• Economic
• Money was leaving the country as Turks sent home
  (between 1975 1980 - 900 million was sent
  home)
• The Germans needed the Turks after the war but
  recessions in the 70s and early 90s led to high
  unemployment. This cost the country a lot in
  benefits etc

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Effects on Germany

• Political
• The government had to make stricter immigration
  controls
• Peoples worry about immigration led to the growth
  of Right wing and racist groups (e.g neo Nazis)

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Effects on Germany

• Social
• Racist groups started hate attacks on immigrants
• The Turkish workers (gastabeiter) cannot become
  German citizens and therefore do not have equal
  rights. Even if they have lived for 20yrs in
  Germany they are still seen as outsiders.

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Effects on Turkey

• Less unemployment in Turkey
• Money sent home from Germany more than what
  Turks normally earn at home good for Turkish
  economy
• Many males leaving broken families,
• Less workers in Turkey especially in farming
• Most able leave for Germany only the bad
  workers stay!
• Less men will causes problems in Turkey

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Facts and figures

• In 2000 the number of foreigners in Germany was
  7.3 million which was 8.9 of the total
  population
• 2 million of these came from Turkey!
• This includes 750,000 turkish who were born in
  Germany!

• Another ½ million Turks have become German
  citizens since 1972