Title: Migration
1Migration
Belgium Belgian MigrationGermany German
MigrationScotland Scottish Migration
2Migration of Belgium
3History migration
4History migration
- ?1948 increase because of the coal mines.
- ? 1965 industrialization
- ? 1980- slow increase
5History migration
6Why is there migration now?
7Why is there migration now?
- Brussels capital city of Europe.
- study posibility
- Connect again with the family
8Consequences
- Influences on religion
- e.g. mosque
- Influences on the language
- e.g. restaurant ( from France)
- Influences on the food
- e.g. Italian, Chinese restaurant,
9Migration of Germany
10The most common
11Migration in Germany
12Foreigner in Germany
Germans as Foreigner
13Percentage of foreigners
Under 1,5 1,5 2,5 2,5 4,0 4,0 5,0 5,0 6,0
6,0 7,5 7,5 9,0 9,0 11,0 11,0 15,0 15,0
and higher
14Historical foreigner population
In persons
151. Phase 2. Phase 3. Phase
1871- 1914 foundation of the German Empire and high industrialization Germany changes from an emigration (e.g. to the USA) to an immigration country (polish miners from Silesia to the Ruhrgebiet) 1945-1949 8 Mio. of refugees and displaced persons came to the western zones, 3.6 Mio. to the Soviet Zone. 1949-1961 (construction of the German Wall) 3.5 Mio persons come from DDR/ East Germany to BRD/West Germany 1955-1973 the economic miracle /Wirtschaftswunder brings the first immigration wave of foreign workers. 14 Mio Gastarbeiter from Italy, Greece, Spain, Turqey, Marocco, Tunesia and Jugoslavia come to the BRD. 1973 Anwerbestopp/ official stop of recruitment of foreign workers 1966-1989 In the DDR 500.000 workers come from the socialist brother in Angola, China, Mozambique, Kuba... Since1950 more than 4 Mio late ethnic german immigrants (Spätaussiedler) come from East Europe, most after the end of the Cold War. 1953-2004 3 Mio asylum seekers (political refugees) 2000 Demographic changement makes migration and integration an important challenge for current polities in Germany.
16The main reasons for migration to Germany
Reason 1 People looking for jobs (from Poland,
Italy, Spain, Portugal and
Turkey) Reason 2 Russian people of German
origin Reason 3 Asylum seekers
17The first reason
- People came to Germany in the 20th century to get
new jobs here - First came thePolish people in 1900 after that
the Italians then the Spanish people then the
Portuguese and last group were the Turkish
people - These people (1,2 Millions) were able to get a
job. - They were cheap workers.
- They came as temporary workers, many stayed in
Germany (?problem integration).
18The second reason
- Katherina II wanted the Germans to immigrate
into Russia. - ? they helped to improve the agricultural
situation in Russia (they knew how to work the
fertile grounds) - Reality was different -gt thousands of people
died - Emigration from Russia to Germany
- Willy Brandt ( former German chancellor )
signed a treaty with the USSR - -gt allowed the descendants to come back to
Germany
Katherina II
19The second reason (II)
- After 1990, many Germans from Eastern Europe
came back to Germany, for example - - 1.979 900 from Russia
- - 429 000 from Romania
- - 1.442 900 from Poland
20The third reason
- Escape and asylum seekers
- political persecuted persons have a right to
asylum art. 16 GG - under the impression of thenational socialist
reign of terror the Germans decided to give
everyone asylum - everyone can use this right (coming from war
zones like nowadays Afghanistan ) -gt number of
asylum seekers rose - -gt confine this basic right (application for
asylum is necessary)
21Summary Reasons for migration to Germany
- Push-factors
- Low living standard (bad education,
- high unemployment rate,)
- No social security
- Pull-factors
- High living standard (good education, low
unemployment rate) - Good social security (medical insurance, pension
insurance, unemployment insurance)
22Consequences
- Multicultural population
- Food
- Religion
- Traditions
- Language
23Scottish Migration
24 For many years people have been migrating to and
from Scotland. The current statistics show
Population 5,168,500
25- Although there has been much immigration to
scotland, the most notable was throughout the
19th century, when many Irish people decided to
emigrate to Scotland. - Push
- their staple diet of potatoes was hit by
crippling blight. - Farmers were the majority, and they were being
kicked off their land, with nowhere to live. - -Poor living conditions
- Pull
- There were high oppurtunities in employment
industrial boom - Housing
- Nearby- cheap to get to
- Many Irish had relatives
26Soon after, many Scots began facing difficulties,
and decided to move abroad themselves. They went
to many countries such as South Africa,
Australia, New Zealand, USA, in search of a
better quality of life.
27- PUSH
- Highland Clearances (in the highlands, many
tennant farmers were removed from their land
due to the landowners desire for sheep farming. - Poor work and living conditions in the Scottish
housing and industry. - High rent prices
- Disease
- PULL
- Much available cheap farm land in places like
Australia - more job opportunities
- the Scots where very skillful, and where seen as
treasures abroad - the gold rush in South Africa
- cheap and easier travel which made the journey
safer
28- In the mid 20th century, todays multi-cultural
society was born - People from all around the world began to pour
into Scotland and provide their skills and
culture for all to experience.
However, today the most prominent immigration to
Scotland is from Poland, and unfortunately, they
are not as well received, despite providing an
essential work force.
29One World with common aims