End of WWI:

1
End of WWI

• Treaty of Versailles

2
New Technology of WWI

• Dirigibles (a.k.a. zeppelins, blimps)
• Submarines
• Giant Artillery Guns (Big Bertha)
• Tanks
• Poison Gas (Mustard Gas)
• Airplane (Bi-Planes)
• Trenches

3
Weapons
4
Fourteen Points

• Before the end of the war, Wilson addressed
  Congress on his 14 points for peace
• Open treaties
• Freedom of seas
• Removal of trade barriers
• Reduction of armaments
• Adjustment of colonial claims with regard to
  native people
• 6-13. readjust European boundaries to acknowledge
  ethnicity
• 14. League of Nations

5
Treaty of Versailles

• Between Allies and Germany
• Dominated by Big Four
• David Lloyd George GB
• Make Germany Pay
• Georges Clemenceau France
• Security against future invasions by Germany
• Vittorio Orlando Italy
• Enlarge Italys territory
• Woodrow Wilson US
• Create peace by 14 points

6
Major Treaty Provisions

• War Guilt Clause total blame to Germany
• Reparations Germany had to pay 33 Billion
• Germany Lost colonies
• Alsace-Lorraine returned to France
• Germanys military power diminished
• Limited to 100,000, no conscription
• Could not build new subs or airplanes
• Rhineland demilitarized
• League of Nations established
• Weakened because US refused to join
  (isolationism) and Germany and Russia were
  forbidden to join

7
Treaty Map
8
Other Results

• Almost an entire generation of men killed, less
  marriage and children, Birth rate declined in
  Europe
• Italy and Japan angry at not receiving territory
• Ottoman Empire reduced to present-day Turkey
• Austria-Hungarian Empire dissolved
• New Nations Yugoslavia, Hungary, Czechoslovakia
• Russia lost territory to Romania and Poland
  Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Finland gained
  independence
• Poland restored, given a Polish Corridor to
  Baltic
• Ottoman Empire divided into mandates GB
  controlled Iraq and Pakistan, France controlling
  Syria and Lebanon