AP Questions on Africa and the Atlantic World

1
AP Questions on Africa and the Atlantic World
2
Sunni Ali's administration of the Songhay was
strengthened by

• A. a system of provincial governors
• B. an effective chain of military command
• C. an imperial navy to patrol the Niger River
• D. the profitable trans-Saharan traffic
• E. all of these

3
Sunni Ali's administration of the Songhay was
strengthened by

• E. all of these

4
Which of the following was not conquered or
defeated by the Portuguese?

• A. Angola
• B. Kilwa
• C. Kongo
• D. Songhay
• E. Zimbabwe

5
Which of the following was not conquered or
defeated by the Portuguese?

• D. Songhay

6
Although relations between Portugal and the Kongo
were initially friendly, the Kongo was ultimately
destroyed because

• A. the royal family resisted the efforts of
  Catholic missionaries
• B. the Kongo had no trade goods of any value to
  the Europeans
• C. King Afonso converted to Islam
• D. Portuguese slave traders undermined the
  authority of the kings
• E. all of these

7
Although relations between Portugal and the Kongo
were initially friendly, the Kongo was ultimately
destroyed because

• D. Portuguese slave traders undermined the
  authority of the kings

8
Queen Nzinga resisted the Portuguese conquest of
Angola by

• A. marriage to Dutch aristocracy
• B. mobilizing military resistance to the
  Portuguese
• C. entering into a trading alliance with Portugal
  
• D. forging a military alliance with neighboring
  Kongo
• E. none of these

9
Queen Nzinga resisted the Portuguese conquest of
Angola by

• B. mobilizing military resistance to the
  Portuguese

10
The indigenous religions of sub-Saharan African
were essentially

• A. polytheistic, recognizing numerous local gods
  as well as a single creator god
• B. monotheistic, worshiping a supreme creator
• C. messianic, worshipping a personal savior
• D. universal, affirming that all religions are
  essentially the same
• E. syncretic, taking the best from a variety of
  religions

11
The indigenous religions of sub-Saharan African
were essentially

• A. polytheistic, recognizing numerous local gods
  as well as a single creator god

12
An example of a syncretic cult combining elements
of Christianity and African beliefs is

• A. the Antonian Movement
• B. the Coptic Church
• C. the Fulani Movement
• D. King Afonso
• E. all of these

13
An example of a syncretic cult combining elements
of Christianity and African beliefs is

• A. the Antonian Movement

14
One significant difference between the Portuguese
settlement of Angola and the Dutch settlement of
Cape Town was that

• A. the Dutch had better relations with the local
  Africans
• B. the Portuguese had better relations with the
  local Africans
• C. the Portuguese came to Angola as traders while
  in South Africa the Dutch settled on the land as
  farmers
• D. the Portuguese sent farmers to Angola, while
  the Dutch came to South Africa primarily as
  merchants and traders
• E. the Khoikhoi resisted Dutch colonization,
  while the people of Angola accepted Portuguese
  rule without resistance

15
One significant difference between the Portuguese
settlement of Angola and the Dutch settlement of
Cape Town was that

• C. the Portuguese came to Angola as traders while
  in South Africa the Dutch settled on the land as
  farmers

16
In spite of the ravages of the slave trade, the
population of Africa actually increased in the
eighteenth century due to

• A. European settlement of Africa
• B. resettlement of Asian workers in parts of
  Africa
• C. the introduction of new staple foods from the
  Americas
• D. improved health and life expectancy
• E. the cessation of intertribal warfare in Africa

17
In spite of the ravages of the slave trade, the
population of Africa actually increased in the
eighteenth century due to

• C. the introduction of new staple foods from the
  Americas

18
Factors in the decline of slavery included all of
the following except

• A. the anti-slavery movement
• B. the frequency of slave revolts
• C. the declining profitability of slaves
• D. the realization that wage labor in factories
  was cheaper that slave labor on plantations
• E. all of these answers are correct

19
Factors in the decline of slavery included all of
the following except

• E. all of these answers are correct

20
All of the following are characteristics of
slavery in Africa except

• A. slaves in Africa had opportunities to earn
  their freedom
• B. slaves in Africa were the primary source of
  wealth and power
• C. slaves in Africa were frequently assimilated
  into their owners' kinship groups
• D. slaves in Africa had certain civil rights and
  could appeal to the law for justice
• E. occasionally slaves worked as soldiers or as
  advisors

21
All of the following are characteristics of
slavery in Africa except

• D. slaves in Africa had certain civil rights and
  could appeal to the law for justice

22
The Portuguese slave trade began in the
mid-fifteenth century with Portuguese raiders
capturing African men and selling them in Europe.
How had this trade changed by the mid-sixteenth
century?

• A. Portuguese raiders captured slaves and sold
  them in the Americas
• B. Portuguese raiders captured slaves and sold
  them to British merchants
• C. The Portuguese no longer participated in the
  slave trade.
• D. Portuguese merchants bought slaves from
  African raiders and sold them to Europe and the
  Americas
• E. The Portuguese bought slaves from Dutch
  raiders and sold them in the Americas

23
The Portuguese slave trade began in the
mid-fifteenth century with Portuguese raiders
capturing African men and selling them in Europe.
How had this trade changed by the mid-sixteenth
century?

• D. Portuguese merchants bought slaves from
  African raiders and sold them to Europe and the
  Americas

24
Which of the following could not be a leg of the
triangular trans-Atlantic trade?

• A. African slaves delivered to the Americas
• B. Barbados rum sold to England
• C. Mexican silver delivered to Manila
• D. manufactured goods sold to Africans
• E. Barbados rum sold to North America

25
Which of the following could not be a leg of the
triangular trans-Atlantic trade?

• C. Mexican silver delivered to Manila

26
African slaves were in demand for the New World
because

• A. so many Native Americans died from imported
  diseases
• B. native peoples frequently escaped into the
  hinterlands
• C. sugar plantations in the Caribbean required
  considerable labor
• D. Spanish and Portuguese conquerors disdained
  manual labor
• E. All of the answers are correct

27
African slaves were in demand for the New World
because

• E. All of the answers are correct

28
The middle passage of the slave trade was

• A. the forced march of slaves through central
  Africa from their homelands
• B. the holding pens where African captives were
  held before sale to plantation owners
• C. the ship voyage across the Atlantic in the
  cargo decks
• D. the public auction of slaves in the Caribbean
• E. None of the answers are correct

29
The middle passage of the slave trade was

• C. the ship voyage across the Atlantic in the
  cargo decks

30
Olaudah Equiano's experience contributed to the
abolishment of slavery because he

• A. served as a legal representative for slaves in
  the United States
• B. established the underground railroad
• C. returned to Africa as a Christian missionary
• D. exposed the horrors of slavery, particularly
  the middle passage, to a European audience
• E. All of the answers are correct

31
Olaudah Equiano's experience contributed to the
abolishment of slavery because he

• D. exposed the horrors of slavery, particularly
  the middle passage, to a European audience

32
Slavery's impact on Africa

• A. fell most heavily on the societies of west
  Africa
• B. was limited to the eastern shores of Africa
• C. was felt on the entire continent
• D. was barely noticeable by the end of the
  eighteenth century due to demographic growth
• E. was offset by the advances that came with
  European trade

33
Slavery's impact on Africa

• A. fell most heavily on the societies of west
  Africa

34
Most African slaves went

• A. to the tropical and subtropical plantations of
  the Americas
• B. to tobacco plantations on Chesapeake Bay
• C. to rice and sugar plantations in the southern
  United States
• D. to the silver mines of Mexico and Peru
• E. to work as domestic servants in upper-class
  homes throughout the New World

35
Most African slaves went

• A. to the tropical and subtropical plantations of
  the Americas

36
On the plantations of the Caribbean and Brazil,
slaves

• A. thrived because climate and diet were similar
  to Africa
• B. suffered heavy losses due to tropical diseases
  and brutal conditions
• C. quickly intermarried with the indigenous
  populations
• D. formed families and re-created kinship ties
  similar to those in Africa
• E. None of the answers are correct

37
On the plantations of the Caribbean and Brazil,
slaves

• B. suffered heavy losses due to tropical diseases
  and brutal conditions

38
Maroons were

• A. slaves who had intermarried with Indians
• B. the descendents of slaves and white
  slave-owners
• C. the revolutionary force that led the Haitian
  rebellion
• D. slaves who ran away and formed their own
  communities in remote areas
• E. slaves who collaborated with their owners and
  gained power within the plantation system

39
Maroons were

• D. slaves who ran away and formed their own
  communities in remote areas

40
African culture in the Americas included all of
the following except

• A. distinctive language and dialect
• B. syncretic African-American religions
• C. traditional kinship ties
• D. distinctive foods and cuisine
• E. distinctive handicrafts

41
African culture in the Americas included all of
the following except

• C. traditional kinship ties

42
Islam and Christianity usually spread in
sub-Saharan Africa

• A. as religions picked up by runaway slaves
• B. solely because of military conquest
• C. as syncretic versions of the originals
• D. because of the failure of Judaism to capture a
  larger audience
• E. as an uneasy and cumbersome mixture of Islamic
  and Christian concepts

43
Islam and Christianity usually spread in
sub-Saharan Africa

• C. as syncretic versions of the originals

44
During the early modern period of Africa, the
basis of social organization continued to be

• A. a modern European-style nuclear family
• B. religious organizations of a syncretic nature
• C. kinship groups
• D. guilds
• E. paramilitary organizations

45
During the early modern period of Africa, the
basis of social organization continued to be

• C. kinship groups

46
The rise in maritime trade in the early modern
era of Africa

• A. resulted in regional kingdoms replacing the
  imperial states of west Africa
• B. resulted in a new pattern in which the village
  became the principal political entity
• C. led to political chaos and the destruction of
  traditional African balance of power
• D. ironically led to a decrease in the
  trans-Atlantic slave trade
• E. led to the consolidation in the largest
  imperial states in African history

47
The rise in maritime trade in the early modern
era of Africa

• A. resulted in regional kingdoms replacing the
  imperial states of west Africa

48
As part of the triangular slave trade, the
Europeans usually picked up slaves in Africa in
return for

• A. sugar or molasses
• B. indentures servants
• C. silver from the Americas
• D. firearms
• E. European technological innovations

49
As part of the triangular slave trade, the
Europeans usually picked up slaves in Africa in
return for

• D. firearms

50
The center of Islamic learning in west Africa was

• A. Mbanza
• B. Gao
• C. Jenne
• D. Timbuktu
• E. Kilwa

51
The center of Islamic learning in west Africa was

• D. Timbuktu

52
One of the factors that made African slavery
different from the varieties practiced elsewhere
was that

• A. African slavery began much later than slavery
  in the rest of the world
• B. African slavery was practiced almost entirely
  for religious rather than financial reasons
• C. African law did not recognize private property
  and thus slaves served as a measure of personal
  wealth
• D. African slavery didnt last long
• E. African slavery was much more brutal than any
  other form of slavery

53
One of the factors that made African slavery
different from the varieties practiced elsewhere
was that

• C. African law did not recognize private property
  and thus slaves served as a measure of personal
  wealth

54
Which massive, fortified city in southern Africa
dominated the gold trade in its region of the
continent until the 15th century?

• A. Great Zimbabwe
• B. Ndongo
• C. Cape Town
• D. Mbanza
• E. Jenne

55
Which massive, fortified city in southern Africa
dominated the gold trade in its region of the
continent until the 15th century?

• A. Great Zimbabwe

56
In 1505 all the Swahili city-states were subdued
by

• A. the Spanish
• B. the Ottoman Turks
• C. the Portuguese
• D. the English
• E. the Dutch

57
In 1505 all the Swahili city-states were subdued
by

• C. the Portuguese

58
The vast majority of slaves

• A. provided agricultural labor on plantations
• B. died during the Middle Passage
• C. were trained for simple, bureaucratic work
• D. became domestic servants
• E. were employed in the mines of Central and
  South America

59
The vast majority of slaves

• A. provided agricultural labor on plantations

60
The first European colony in sub-Saharan Africa
was

• A. Mozambique
• B. Kongo
• C. Angola
• D. Zimbabwe
• E. Kanem-Bornu

61
The first European colony in sub-Saharan Africa
was

• C. Angola

62
The African slave trade delivered the majority of
the slaves to

• A. New France
• B. the Caribbean islands and Brazil
• C. British America
• D. Mexico
• E. the Gold Coast

63
The African slave trade delivered the majority of
the slaves to

• B. the Caribbean islands and Brazil

64
The 17th century slave trade had the greatest
impact on what part of Africa?

• A. the Sinai
• B. West Africa
• C. Sub-Saharan Africa
• D. South Africa
• E. East Africa

65
The 17th century slave trade had the greatest
impact on what part of Africa?

• B. West Africa

66
European traders in the 13th and 14th centuries
came to Africa mainly to find

• A. diamonds and oil
• B. gold and ivory
• C. cocoa and emeralds
• D. spices and rubber
• E. frankincense and myrrh

67
European traders in the 13th and 14th centuries
came to Africa mainly to find

• B. gold and ivory

68
Which of the following decisions by the
Portuguese impacted Arab-African ports on the
east coast of Africa?

• A. to start spice plantations in India
• B. to evangelize the Muslims in Zanzibar
• C. to concentrate on the trans-Atlantic slave
  trade
• D. to monopolize trade with Asia
• E. to use Australia as a base for Pacific trade

69
Which of the following decisions by the
Portuguese impacted Arab-African ports on the
east coast of Africa?

• D. to monopolize trade with Asia