Pretest

1
Pretest
Chapter 1

• 1. True or False Science and technology are NOT
  related.
• 2. Which of the following are areas of science?
• a. biology and chemistryb. astronomy and
  geologyc. zoology and botanyd. all of the above
• 3. Why do scientists document their observations
  and experiments?

2
Pretest (continued)
Chapter 1

• 4. Which number is the largest?
• a. 1.13 x 109b. 3.51 x 103c. 5.88 x
  105d. 7.92 x 102
• 5. Which unit can be used to measure volume?
• a. mb. m2c. m3
• 6. Which of the following units is the longest?
• a. meterb. centimeterc. kilometerd. millimeter

3
Pretest (continued)
Chapter 1

• 7. What is the slope of a line?
• 8. What types of graphs have you seen before?

4
Interest Grabber
Section 1.1

• Science Improves Our Quality of Life
• Advances in science have led to devices that make
  our lives easier and more pleasant. For example,
  the microwave oven makes it possible to prepare
  meals and snacks in minutes rather than hours.
• 1. Name five household devices that make your
  life easier or more pleasant.
• 2. Go through your list and describe how each
  devices function was accomplished before its
  invention.

5
Reading Strategy

• Previewing

a. Earth and Space b. Life c. The study of
nonliving d. The study of Earth and things the
universe beyond Earth
6
Branches of Science
Figure 3
7
Interest Grabber
Section 1.2

• Design Your Own Experiment
• Suppose that you want to conduct a test to see
  which brand of cleanser produces the best results
  when cleaning a kitchen floor. Think about how
  you would conduct this test.
• 1. What materials would you need?
• 2. What procedure would you follow?
• 3. How would you determine which cleanser
  produces the best results?

8
Reading Strategy
Section 1.2

• Previewing

a. Forming a hypothesis b. Testing a
hypothesis c. Drawing conclusions d. Developing a
theory
9
A Scientific Method
Figure 7
10
A Scientific Method
Figure 7
11
A Scientific Method
Figure 7
12
A Scientific Method
Figure 7
13
A Scientific Method
Figure 7
14
A Scientific Method
Figure 7
15
Interest Grabber
Section 1.3

• Measuring Length by the Handful
• The English units that we use in the United
  States developed over a long period of time. For
  example, the hand was devised in ancient times as
  a unit of length. It was defined as the length of
  a persons hand from the little finger to the
  thumb. Today the height of horses is still
  measured in hands, but the definition of a
  hand is standardized at 4 inches or 10.16
  centimeters.
• 1. Why did the hand produce unreliable meas
  urements before it was standardized?
• 2. Measure the height of your desk in
  hands. Compare your results with other
  classmates. How do the results vary?

16
Reading Strategy
Section 1.3
Previewing

• Possible answers may include
• a. What is SI? SI is a set of metric measuring
  units used by scientists.
• b. What are base units? Base units are the
  fundamental units of SI. There are seven SI base
  units, including the meter, the kilogram, the
  Kelvin, and the second.

17
SI Base Units
Figure 13
18
Using Scientific Notation
Section 1.3
19
Using Scientific Notation
Section 1.3
20
Using Scientific Notation
Section 1.3
21
Using Scientific Notation
Section 1.3
22
Interest Grabber
Section 1.4

• Creating and Interpreting Graphs
• Many people have pets. One survey of pet owners
  showed the following breakdown of the type of
  pets owned 35 dogs 35 cats 10 birds 5
  hamsters, gerbils, mice, rats 5 reptiles and
  10 other.
• 1. Copy the incomplete circle graph below on
  your paper. Complete the graph using the
  survey data. Estimate the angle of each
  section of your completed circle graph. Give
  your graph a title and label what each section
  of the graph represents.
• 2. Explain how viewing the graph conveys
  information to the reader more quickly than
  reading the list of data.

23
Reading Strategy
Section 1.4

• Previewing

a. Variable y is plotted vs. variable
x. b. Showing how a variable responds to
changes in another c. Scaled bars used to
represent d. Comparing a similar set various
measurements of data e. A divided circle, with
each slice f. Showing how a part relates to
representing a proportional fraction the whole
24
Mass vs. Volume of Water
Figure 21
25
Pretest Answers
Chapter 1

• 1. True or False Science and technology are NOT
  related.
• 2. Which of the following are areas of science?
• a. biology and chemistryb. astronomy and
  geologyc. zoology and botanyd. all of the above
• 3. Why do scientists document their observations
  and experiments?

Sample answer to remember them correctly or
analyze them at a later time
Click the mouse button to display the answers.
26
Pretest Answers (continued)
Chapter 1

• 4. Which number is largest?
• a. 1.13 x 109b. 3.51 x 103c. 5.88 x
  105d. 7.92 x 102
• 5. Which unit can be used to measure volume?
• a. mb. m2c. m3
• 6. Which of the following units is the longest?
• a. meterb. centimeterc. kilometerd. millimeter
  

Click the mouse button to display the answers.
27
Pretest Answers (continued)
Chapter 1

• 7. What is the slope of a line?
• 8. What types of graphs have you seen before?

the ratio of a vertical change to the
corresponding horizontal change Sample answers
line, bar, and circle graphs
Click the mouse button to display the answers.
28
Interest GrabberAnswers
Section 1.1

• 1. Name five household devices that make your
  life easier or more pleasant.
• Answers will vary. Sample answers include an
  electric hair dryer, electric curling iron,
  electric razor, electric steam iron, compact disc
  player, home computer, or television.
• 2. Go through your list and describe how each
  devices function was accomplished before its
  invention.
• Answers will vary. Before the invention of the
  hair dryer, hair was air dried. Before the
  invention of the electric curling iron, wet hair
  was rolled onto a brush or plastic rollers.
  Before the electric steam iron, metal irons were
  heated on the surface of wood-burning stoves.

29
Interest GrabberAnswers
Section 1.2

• 1. What materials would you need?
• Sample answers may include two or more brands of
  cleansers, sponge or rag, stopwatch, and
  different materials to produce stains.
• 2. What procedure would you follow?
• Sample procedures might test the effect of
  various cleansers on one type of stain, or on
  several types of stains. Students might try to
  control certain variables in the experiments,
  such as the amount of cleanser used or the time
  spent scrubbing.
• 3. How would you determine which cleanser
  produces the best results?
• The quality of each cleanser could be described
  in terms of how fast it cleans, how many types of
  stains it cleans, or how much is needed to clean
  a stain.

30
Interest GrabberAnswers
Section 1.3

• 1. Why did the hand produce unreliable
  measurements before it was standardized?
• The width of a hand varies from person to
  person therefore, measurements using hands will
  vary.
• 2. Measure the height of your desk in hands.
  Compare your results with other classmates. How
  do the results vary?
• Because of the variety of hand sizes among the
  people measuring, you will find that its
  possible for the same distance to be described by
  a wide range of measurements in hands.

31
Interest GrabberAnswers
Section 1.4

• 1. Copy the incomplete circle graph below on your
  paper. Complete the graph using the survey data.
  Estimate the angle of each section of your
  completed circle graph. Give your graph a title
  and label what each section of the graph
  represents.
• The students should complete the circle graph
  using the given data. Each section should be
  labeled. Students should not be assessed on the
  accuracy of their angles.
• 2. Explain how viewing the graph conveys
  information to the reader more quickly than
  reading the list of data.
• Using the graph, the reader can quickly see
  relationships and comparisons of the data. For
  example, the reader can see from the graph that
  dogs and cats represent the largest groups of
  pets. This information is more readily apparent
  in graphical form than in list form.

32
Chapter 1
Go Online
Data sharing Self-grading assessment Links on
universal measurements Articles on the nature of
science For links on motion, go to
www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as
follows ccn-0011. For links on graphing, go to
www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as
follows ccn-0014.
33
This slide is intentionally blank.