Faults

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(No Transcript)
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Faults
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Earthquakes
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Volcanoes
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Igneous Rock
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Continental Drift
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Plate Tectonics
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Igneous Rock
Continental Drift
Plate Tectonics
Faults
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
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1-100
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When bent rocks break, they move along these
surfaces
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1-100A
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faults
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1-200
Faults are created through compression, tension,
or shearing, all examples of
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1-200A
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force
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1-300
Tension forces create this type of a fault
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1-300A
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Normal
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The rocks above the fault surface are forced up
and over the rocks below the fault surface in
this type of a fault
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1-400A
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Reverse
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1-500
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example
of this type of a fault
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1-500A
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Strike-slip Fault
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2-100
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Energy waves which are produced at and travel
outward from the earthquake focus are also known
as these
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seismic waves
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This is the place on the earths surface directly
above the earthquakes focus
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epicenter
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This is the number of seismograph stations needed
to locate the epicenter of an earthquake
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2-300A
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3
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2-400
When energy reaches the surface of the earth, it
produces these waves which move particles up and
down and side to side in a swaying motion
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2-400A
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Surface waves
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2-500
This scale is used to describe how much energy is
released by an earthquake
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Richter scale
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3-100
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When magma reaches the earths surface, it flows
out of openings called
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3-100A
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Vents
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Silica-poor lava erupts out of these broad,
gently sloped volcanoes
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3-200A
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Shield volcanoes
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3-300
When tephra, bits of rock and solidified lava,
falls to the ground, it forms these steep-sided,
loosely packed volcanoes
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3-300A
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Cinder cone
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3-400
When eruptions of tephra and lava are repeated
over and over in alternating layers, these
volcanoes are formed
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3-400A
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Composite
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3-500
Mt. Vesuvius, in Italy, is this type of volcano,
formed when the earths plates come together and
one plate is forced below the other
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3-500A
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Composite
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This natural disaster is an example of igneous
activity on the surface of the earth
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Volcanic eruption
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This is the largest intrusive igneous rock body
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A batholith
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This is formed when magma is squeezed into a
horizontal crack between rock layers
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Sill
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The large opening left when the top of a volcano
collapses is known as a
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4-400A
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Caldera
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4-500
The granite domes of this park are the remains of
a huge batholith formation which stretched
across much of the length of California
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4-500A
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Yosemite National Park
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In 1912, Alfred Wegener suggested that all of the
continents were once connected as one large
landmass which he named
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Pangaea
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This theory is used to explain the idea that
continents have moved from their original
locations
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Continental Drift
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In addition to the fit of the continents, climate
clues, rock clues, and seafloor spreading, this
evidence was used to support the theory of
continental drift
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Fossils
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In the early 1960s, scientist Harry Hess offered
up this theory to explain the formation of
mid-ocean ridges which form an underwater
mountain range that stretches along the center of
much of the earths ocean floor
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5-400A
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Seafloor spreading
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Prior to drifting apart over the course of 200
million years, Wegener suggested that this
continent bordered the eastern coast of South
America
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Africa
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According to this theory, the earths crust and
upper mantle are broken into sections
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Plate Tectonics
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Together, the earths crust and upper mantle are
considered to be the
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Lithosphere
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The Mid-Atlantic Ridge and Great Rift Valley are
examples of a
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6-300A
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Divergent Plate Boundary
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The entire cycle of heating, rising, cooling, and
sinking of mantle rock is called a
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6-400A
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Convection current
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6-500
The three types of plate boundaries are
divergent, convergent and this one
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6-500A
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Transform boundary
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Final Jeopardy
Earthquake Damage
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On January 17, 1995, an earthquake in this city
caused 100 billion of property damage and 5,502
deaths
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Contestants Please put down your writing tools
and wait for further instructions.
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Kobe, Japan
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Daily Double Round 1
Daily Double!!