Origins of Modern Genetics

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Origins of Modern Genetics

• Jean Baptiste Lamarck (French, early 19th c.)
  The Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
• Charles Darwin (English, 1859) Species can
  change through the process of natural selection
• Gregor Mendel (Austrian, 1865) Founder of modern
  genetics Experimental discovery of inheritance
  of traits from one generation to the next genes
  as material foundation of heredity

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Jean B. Lamarck (1744-1829)
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Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
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Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)
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Modern Genetics

• Thomas Morgan (1866-1945) Located genes at
  chromosomes and developed modern genetics through
  experiments on Drosophilafruit flies
• Oswald Avery (1877-1955) and colleagues
  Discovered in 1944 that DNA was the molecule that
  contained genetic information

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Thomas Morgan (1866-1945)
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Oswald Avery (1877-1955)
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Watson and Crick

• James Watson (1928-) and Francis Crick
  (1916-2004) Cracked the molecular structure of
  DNA and explained how the genetic codes were
  transferred from one generation to another.
• Maurice Wilkins (1916-2004) and Rosalind Franklin
  (1920-1958) made the crucial contributions to
  Watson and Crick with their crystallography of DNA

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James Watson
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Francis Crick
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Rosalind Franklin
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Maurice Wilkins
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Issues to Consider

• Modern science as interdisciplinary
• Biology and physics
• Importance of being at a center of scientific
  communication
• Styles of scientific research
• Gender and science